SERGEI M EISENSTEIN

167. “The Great God Bogus” is a manifesto written by the American film critic Gilbert
Seldes in support of CharlesChaplin and“popular arts”in general. It was published
in Gilbert Seldes, The Seven Lively Arts, New York: Harper and Brothers, 1924.
168. Most likely, Eisenstein is referring here to the first book written by Georges Sadoul
about Méliès (Georges Sadoul, An Index to the Creative Work of Georges Méliès. London:
British Film Institute, 1947). Sadoul’s monograph Georges Méliès was published only
in 1961 (Paris: Éditions Seghers).
169. The Nickelodeon was the first type of indoor exhibition space dedicated to showing
projected motion pictures. Usually set up in converted storefronts, these small,
simple theaters charged five cents for admission and flourished from about 1905 to
1915. The term Panoptikum indicates the name of the first German wax museum,
built in Hamburg in 1879 by Friedrich Hermann Faerber (1849-1908). It should not
be confused with the projection instrument named Panoptikon invented in 1895 by
Woodville Latham, later named Eidoloscope. (See T. Ramsaye, A Million and One
Night. AHistory ofthe MotionPicture,New York, Simon&Schuster,1926,pp.167, 176-
191; Georges Sadoul, Histoire générale du cinéma, Tome 1, l’Invention du Cinéma, Paris,
Denoël, 1946,pp. 165-171). Ventriloquism wasapopularattraction executedwithout
technical devices.
170. “Cannonneers” was the common name for street and fair photographers who often
used painted backdrops.
171. None of the names in this sentence (except Deburau) is clearly legible. It is clear,
however,thatEisensteinistalkinghereabout“mass”entertainmenttowhich“high”
or official art was opposed.
172. “Boulevard du Crime” [Boulevard of Crime] is the nickname that was given during
the 19th century to the Boulevard du Temple in Paris, because of all the crimes that
were represented every evening in its numerous theaters, among which we may
recall the Théâtre-Lyrique, Théâtre de l’Ambigu, Cirque-Olympique, Folies-
Dramatiques, Gaîté, Funambules, Délassements-Comiques, Théâtre des Pygmées,
Petit-Lazari, as well as many cabarets and café-concerts. Boulevard du Crime is also
the name of the place where the film Les Enfants du paradis (1945) by Marcel Carné is
set.
173. Oberammergau is the name of a German town where every year, since 1633, the
population is engaged in a representation of the Passion.
174. Bi Sheng (990-1051) was the inventor of the first known movable type technology.
His system was made of Chinese porcelain and was invented between 1041 and 1048
during the Song Dynasty in China.
175. See above, n. 91.
176. Nicolas-Toussaint Charlet (1792-1845), French designer and painter, especially of
military subjects, contributed to the elaboration of a Bonapartist iconography.
Auguste Raffet (1804-1860), French illustrator and lithographer, student of Nicolas
Toussaint Charlet, specialized as well in the representation of Napoleonic subjects.
177. Eisenstein mentions here the four-volume work of the English lawyer, sociologist,
and journalist Henry Mayhew (1812-1887) London Labour and London Poor (1861), and
the book by William Blanchard Jerrold (1826-1884) London: A Pilgrimage (1872), with
notes 473