Understanding Neutron Radiography Post Exam Reading VIII-Part 2a of 2A

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Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimetry Optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters typically have aluminum oxide detectors and are available in plastic holders, or body badges, that are worn at collar level to measure full body dose. They can measure gamma ray and X-ray doses from 10μSv to 10Sv (1 mrem to 1 krem). Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
TDL Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang http://www.rpe.org.in/article.asp?issn=0972-0464;year=2011;volume=34;issue=1;spage=6;epage=16;aulast=Bhatt;type=3
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Understanding Neutron Radiography R
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Spallation Source Charlie Chong/ Fi
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Spallation Source Charlie Chong/ Fi
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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3. Techniques/Calibrations • Bloc
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang Fion Zhan
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Gamma- Radiography TABLE 1. Charact
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang http://gr
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Whole Chapter 5 Radiation Measureme
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Radiation Detection Systems Some fo
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PART 2. Ion Chambers and Proportion
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FIGURE 1. Ion pair (showing ejected
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FIGURE 2. Basic ionization chamber
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Photoelectric Absorption An atom co
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Compton Scatter Collision of a phot
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Pair Production Note pair productio
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Linear Energy Transfer [LET] LET is
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Simulation of various radiation ene
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Sources of Attenuation The attenuat
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang http://ra
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The electron that is removed is the
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Photoelectric effect ABSORBED Charl
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Compton effect or Compton scatter i
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The reason at least 1.022 MeV of ph
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Pair Production Charlie Chong/ Fion
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Photoelectric (PE) absorption Photo
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This second applet is similar to th
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Photoelectric effect, or photoelect
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First principle mechanism of ioniza
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Photoelectron Spectroscopy Charlie
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Photoelectron Spectroscopy Charlie
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Thomson scattering (R), also known
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Ion current chambers have a respons
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FIGURE 4. Energy and directional re
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Ionization Chambers Charlie Chong/
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Compton scattering (C) (incoherent
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Output Current Measurements The ion
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Vibrating Reed Electrometers An alt
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Vibrating Reed Electrometers Cary V
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The weak current generated in the c
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Older electrometers Gold-leaf elect
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang Volta Ele
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Gold-leaf electroscope Charlie Chon
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Vibrating reed electrometers Vibrat
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FIGURE 7. Examples of ionization ch
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FIGURE 8. Cross section of quartz f
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Quartz Fiber Pocket Dosimeter. Char
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Manhattan Project Charlie Chong/ Fi
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WWII Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Ion Chamber Charger & Reader Radiac
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Pocket dosimeters tended to be slig
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Quartz Fiber Pocket Dosimeter. CDV-
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Ion Chamber Charger & Reader Charli
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WWII Heroes Charlie Chong/ Fion Zha
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FIGURE 8. Cross section of quartz f
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FIGURE 10. Energy dependence of res
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Proportional Counters If the electr
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Townsend Discharges (Avalanches) Th
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General description of the phenomen
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The avalanche mechanism is shown in
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Visualization of Proportional Count
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Multiple Gas Amplification due to m
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PART 3. Geiger-Müller Counters Ope
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Visualization of Geiger Muller Gas
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Properties Extension of the gas ava
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Correct counting rate R can be calc
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FIGURE 11. Resolving time, dead tim
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FIGURE 12. Processing of detector i
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Quenching As positive ions are coll
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FIGURE 13. Assortment of geiger-mü
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Page 169 and 170: Design Variations Geiger-müller co
Page 171 and 172: FIGURE 14. Dose rate ratio versus e
Page 173 and 174: TABLE 1. Characteristics of three i
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Page 183 and 184: FIGURE 15. Typical energy response
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Page 201 and 202: System Electronics Once the output
Page 203 and 204: PART 5. Luminescent Dosimetry Therm
Page 205 and 206: Thermoluminescence Charlie Chong/ F
Page 207 and 208: Disadvantages include the loss of i
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Page 211: FIGURE 20. Typical glow curve. Inte
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Page 217 and 218: PART 6. Neutron Detection Character
Page 219 and 220: TABLE 4. Neutron classification. Cl
Page 221 and 222: Scintillation Scintillators contain
Page 223 and 224: TABLE 6. Properties of Some Thermal
Page 225 and 226: Detector The diffused p-n junction
Page 227 and 228: Surface Barrier Detectors The opera
Page 229 and 230: TABLE 5. Radiation detector types.
Page 231 and 232: FIGURE 21. Cross sections: (a) diff
Page 233 and 234: PART 8. Film Badges One of the most
Page 235 and 236: The absorption of a single photon o
Page 237 and 238: Compounds that can be used as photo
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Understanding Neutron Radiography Post Exam Reading VIII-Part 2a of 2A

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