Understanding Neutron Radiography Post Exam Reading VIII-Part 2a of 2A

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Closing More information on the radiographic latent image, its formation and processing are available elsewhere. The correct use <strong>of</strong> film badges is especially important for safety in the conduct <strong>of</strong> radiographic testing programs and is discussed in this book’s chapter on radiation safety and elsewhere. Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Understanding Neutron Radiography R
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Spallation Source Charlie Chong/ Fi
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Spallation Source Charlie Chong/ Fi
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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3. Techniques/Calibrations • Bloc
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang Fion Zhan
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Gamma- Radiography TABLE 1. Charact
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang http://gr
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Whole Chapter 5 Radiation Measureme
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Radiation Detection Systems Some fo
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PART 2. Ion Chambers and Proportion
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FIGURE 1. Ion pair (showing ejected
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FIGURE 2. Basic ionization chamber
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Photoelectric Absorption An atom co
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Compton Scatter Collision of a phot
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Pair Production Note pair productio
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Linear Energy Transfer [LET] LET is
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Simulation of various radiation ene
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Sources of Attenuation The attenuat
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang http://ra
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The electron that is removed is the
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Photoelectric effect ABSORBED Charl
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Compton effect or Compton scatter i
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The reason at least 1.022 MeV of ph
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Pair Production Charlie Chong/ Fion
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Photoelectric (PE) absorption Photo
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This second applet is similar to th
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Photoelectric effect, or photoelect
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First principle mechanism of ioniza
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Photoelectron Spectroscopy Charlie
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Photoelectron Spectroscopy Charlie
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Thomson scattering (R), also known
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Ion current chambers have a respons
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FIGURE 4. Energy and directional re
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Ionization Chambers Charlie Chong/
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Compton scattering (C) (incoherent
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Output Current Measurements The ion
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Vibrating Reed Electrometers An alt
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Vibrating Reed Electrometers Cary V
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The weak current generated in the c
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Older electrometers Gold-leaf elect
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang Volta Ele
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Gold-leaf electroscope Charlie Chon
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Vibrating reed electrometers Vibrat
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FIGURE 7. Examples of ionization ch
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FIGURE 8. Cross section of quartz f
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Quartz Fiber Pocket Dosimeter. Char
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Manhattan Project Charlie Chong/ Fi
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WWII Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Ion Chamber Charger & Reader Radiac
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Pocket dosimeters tended to be slig
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Quartz Fiber Pocket Dosimeter. CDV-
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Ion Chamber Charger & Reader Charli
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WWII Heroes Charlie Chong/ Fion Zha
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FIGURE 8. Cross section of quartz f
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FIGURE 10. Energy dependence of res
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Proportional Counters If the electr
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Townsend Discharges (Avalanches) Th
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General description of the phenomen
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The avalanche mechanism is shown in
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Visualization of Proportional Count
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Multiple Gas Amplification due to m
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PART 3. Geiger-Müller Counters Ope
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Visualization of Geiger Muller Gas
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Properties Extension of the gas ava
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Correct counting rate R can be calc
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FIGURE 11. Resolving time, dead tim
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FIGURE 12. Processing of detector i
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Quenching As positive ions are coll
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FIGURE 13. Assortment of geiger-mü
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Geiger Muller Charlie Chong/ Fion Z
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Design Variations Geiger-müller co
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FIGURE 14. Dose rate ratio versus e
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TABLE 1. Characteristics of three i
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Mini Geiger Muller Alarm Meter Char
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Mini Geiger Muller Alarm Meter Char
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FIGURE 15. Typical energy response
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(b) radiation incident on side vers
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Page 201 and 202: System Electronics Once the output
Page 203 and 204: PART 5. Luminescent Dosimetry Therm
Page 205 and 206: Thermoluminescence Charlie Chong/ F
Page 207 and 208: Disadvantages include the loss of i
Page 209 and 210: Thermoluminescent Dosimetric Readou
Page 211 and 212: FIGURE 20. Typical glow curve. Inte
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Page 217 and 218: PART 6. Neutron Detection Character
Page 219 and 220: TABLE 4. Neutron classification. Cl
Page 221 and 222: Scintillation Scintillators contain
Page 223 and 224: TABLE 6. Properties of Some Thermal
Page 225 and 226: Detector The diffused p-n junction
Page 227 and 228: Surface Barrier Detectors The opera
Page 229 and 230: TABLE 5. Radiation detector types.
Page 231 and 232: FIGURE 21. Cross sections: (a) diff
Page 233 and 234: PART 8. Film Badges One of the most
Page 235 and 236: The absorption of a single photon o
Page 237: Compounds that can be used as photo
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Page 243: Good Luck! Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhan
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Understanding Neutron Radiography Post Exam Reading VIII-Part 2a of 2A

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