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1.5. Conclusions Analyzing the data on the Roma communities living in Romania and Hungary, we can find some significant differences. Even if Roma in Romania are more satisfied with their life, perhaps as the consequence of their more traditional life outlook, but also due to the ethnic composition of their neighbourhood, the Roma living in Hungary seem to be more satisfied with their dwellings. In terms of most objective indicators (ownership status, building materials, the number of rooms, the number of persons in the household, the hygiene, the posession of bathroom, toilet, kitchen, heating), Roma in Hungary are living in comparatively better conditions. In contrast with their co-ethnics from Romania, Hungarian Roma live in neighborhoods that include both Roma and non-Roma, an aspect that has a great importance in their integration into society. Although according to Michael Stewart they resisted assimilation during socialism, our data demonstrate that today they seem to be much closer to the civilizational level of the larger society than ever before. It is worth to mention that they define themselves mostly as Hungarian Roma („magyar cigany”), unlike Roma from Romania, who mainly identify with their traditional community belonging (neamuri). The higher level of integration of Roma in Hungary is also proved by the attachment of most of them to the mainstream churches, while in case of Romania the influence of Neo-Protestant religious communities is much higher among the Roma population. One indicator of integration is the one related to housing quality. From this point of view too, Roma in Hungary are socially more integrated than the Roma in Romania. Their dwellings indicate a serious lag compared both to the Roma in Hungary, but also to the majority group. Roma in Romania seem to be much more traditional if we analyze all these indicators of housing quality. In terms of differences between localities, they are more pronounced in Romania, 174 where, according to our data, the community of Osorhei seems to be the poorest, having worse conditions not only compared to Oradea, but also to Ineu de Cris. Relatively small differences can be noticed in Hungary, between the communities of Biharkeresztes and Told, may be due to geographical proximity and to the fact that Told is a rural community while Biharkeresztes became a town only recently, still having mostly semirural community features. Housing is an important indicator of the quality of life, influencing the health status, the participation in education and perhaps to some extent also the level of integration into the formal economy. For the development of the quality of housing, a more active involvement of the Government and of the local authorities, as well as the involvement of NGOs and Roma leaders is needed, even if the home’s quality primarily depends on the income level of each family, and that is a problem in each case. It is true that the same issue depends also on the neighborhood. If Roma see that the neighbors are poor and do not make efforts to improve their living conditions, they are tempted to do the same. If instead their neighbours belong to another ethnic group and Roma see that they have higher living conditions, this may also be an incentive for Roma. This fact is influencing to a large extent the difference between housing conditions of Roma in Hungary compared with those from Romania. Roma in Romania live in compact areas with a high density of social problems and a serious shortage of modernity. Perhaps a solution would be that Roma in Romania live in ethnically mixed neighborhoods or areas. Roma in Romania are isolated, marginalized, segregated compared to other ethnic groups both in terms of housing, participation in education or integration into the formal economy. On the other hand, there is also a dissociating mechanism probably related to their traditional values.
Probably long-term solutions would be largescale investments in educational and also social economy programs, which could promote a better integration into the formal economy and to the successfull securing of sustainable sources of income leading to better housing and civilizational conditions as well. Bibliography: 1. Beres, Csaba, 2004, A Hajdu-Bihar megyeben elo Roma lakossag helyzete. http://www.romaweb.hu/doc.../szociologiai_t anulmany_hbm.doc 2. Fraser, Angus, 2010, Țiganii, Editura Humanitas, București 3. Marcuse, Peter și Van Kempen, Ronald, 2002, Of States and Cities, Oxford University Press 4. Murie, Alan, Siedow-Knorr, Thomas, Van Kempen, Ronald, 2003, Large Housing Estates in Europe.General Developments and Theoretical Backgrounds, Utrecht University 5. Olah, Șerban, 2009, The School Dropout in Bihor county. A Qualitative Approach, Revista Universitara de Sociologie, Craiova, Romania, Year VI, nr.1(11) 6. Olah, Șerban, Băltățescu, Sergiu, 2008, Nevoi şi servicii sociale în comunităţile de romi. Studiu calitativ în municipiul Oradea in 175 Revista de Asistență socială (nr.3-4), București 7. Pons, Emanuelle, 1999,Ţiganii din România, Editura Compania, Bucureşti 8. Preda, Marian, 2002, Politica socială românească între sărăcie şi globalizare, Editura Polirom, Iaşi 9. Preoteasa, Ana Maria,2003, Prezentarea unei cercetări internaţionale cu privire la starea romilor în Europa Centrală şi de Est, în Calitatea Vieţii,XIV, nr.2 10. Ringold, Dena, Orenstein, Mitchell, Wilkens, Erika, 2003, Roma in an Expanding Europe. Breaking the Poverty Cycle, 2003, The World Bank 11. Stănculescu, ManuelaSofia, Berevoescu, Ionica, 2004, Sărac lipit, caut altă viață!, Editura Nemira, București 12. Stewart,Michael, 1997, The Time of the Gypsies, Westview Press, Colorado 13. Szelenyi, Ivan, 2002, Poverty, Ethnicithy and Gender in Transitional Societies, Akademiai Kiado, Budapest 14. Voicu, Mălina( coordonator),2007, Nevoi şi resurse în comunităţile de romi, Fundaţia Soros România,Bucureşti 15. Zamfir,Cătălin, Zamfir,Elena 1993,Ţiganii între îngrijorare şi ignorare, Editura Alternative, Bucureşti
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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, RESEARCH, YO
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Scientific Committee: Dr. Băbăiţ
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SECTION: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS AND
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SUB-SECTION: MARKETING ............
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CHALLENGES, VULNERABILITIES AND WAY
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Data in Table no. 1.1 and Figure no
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T1/2010 T2/2010 T3/2010 T4/2010 T1/
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Table no.1.4. Romania's foreign deb
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Table no.2.1. Romania: Macroeconomi
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change) Terms of trade (percentage
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Table 2.2 shows that the weight of
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policies have not proved effective,
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The external debt can create a burd
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Table no.4.2. Contributions (%) to
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The data in Table no.4.6 emphasize
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- making the policy makers accounta
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Real GDP growth Average CPI inflati
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Real GDP growth Real growth of dome
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CPI Inflation (average) CPI inflati
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Households Non-financial corporatio
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Annex 6 Emerging Europe of selected
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Plenary session 45
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The concept of decentralization In
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macroeconomic stability and income
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"internalize" them at a local level
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one that best meets the requirement
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egional actors such as associations
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d). Political regionalization (poli
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3. Black P.A., Steenekamp, T. J. an
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A NEW THINKING FOR A NEW WORLD. REP
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forget that in reality there are no
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Another aspect - the second in our
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economy on one hand and the nature
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to each other and just as indestruc
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present realities. And do not forge
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that continues to create a sensatio
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ecology’s and of the eco-economy
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8. A free market or another type of
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undirected but totally spontaneous,
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(16) Brown Lester, Eco-economia. Cr
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I. Introduction The topic of this p
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a)funds allocated by states for ban
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continued to be enforced without ea
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ut not for a long-term project whic
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noticed, at Maastricht the decision
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ACCOUNTING FOR SUSTAINABILITY: WHAT
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stable regimes. Opposition protesto
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the perspective of accounting for s
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audit and give a professional opini
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type of outputs from accounting for
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4.3.1. Research methods Field study
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Research is useful to assess any re
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12. Fagerström, Arne, et al., (200
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LE DYNAMISME DES TPE ET PME ET L'É
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Private sector share/GDP Large-scal
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acquisitions, ou de l'extension int
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A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH REGARDING TH
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and control. During the planning ph
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Page 141 and 142: disappearance. The East European co
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Page 161 and 162: Table 16. How many rooms does your
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Page 177 and 178: ANOVA(b) Model Sum of Squares df Me
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Page 195 and 196: services are. Kotler extended the c
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Page 209 and 210: (Carter S. and Rosa P. 1998). The m
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Table 1 Unemployment in North-West
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smaller. Cluj in turn, has the high
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ABOUT OTHER KIND OF PRODUCTIVITY AN
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the low price levels - having as a
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Stiglitz - one of the two big Nobel
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13.Jivan, Alexandru. „Do People (
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THE POTENTIAL OF FEMALE ENTREPRENEU
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of the 12 rural centres in each cou
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Levels: local - selection / territo
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York, Routledge Advances in Managem
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TOURISM'S CHANGING FACE: NEW AGE TO
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Leisure time will be used more acti
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Travel is no longer a novelty to th
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YOUTH LABOUR MARKET. MOBILITY, CARE
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from 30-34 years and also from 15,9
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constriction of economic activity t
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time, against the Lisbon objectives
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in family grounding and in the deci
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process, maintaining dysfunctions a
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263
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THE FINANCIAL CRISIS AND ITS IMPLIC
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sovereign debt crises burst. Greece
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crisis in Greece is only a natural
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Subsection: Accounting
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1997, Sveiby, 1997; Chen et al., 20
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we can see in the figure bellow, va
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creation ways are: growth, renewal,
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Sveiby (1997), focused on intellect
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15. Dzinkowski R., (2000) "The meas
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also differed. But the great thinke
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authorities, tax policies are used
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egarding information made public co
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IV. Interpretation of results Table
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correlation with respect to DI, whi
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Subsection: Banking
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currency in Romania which makes our
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R_DOLAR R_EURO R_FRANC R_LIRA R_YEN
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We observe that the coefficient of
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306
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up to 3 months. The definition of M
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The analysis of the correlation bet
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correlation is observed for Romania
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TOOLS USED IN DECISION MAKING Demia
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so on. Integer tolerance is used to
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PSIMean functions as it can be seen
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Sub-section: Marketing
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suplementary resources compared wit
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entail the relationship with the no
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Romania research (Bibu et al. 2008)
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4. To aknowledge the other part as
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ORGANIZATIONAL STRESS AND ITS IMPAC
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Ways of managing individual stress
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It follows therefore that a larger
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ELEMENTS FOR A MODEL OF ENTREPRENEU
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was to promote equal opportunities
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entrepreneurship in rural areas of
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paradigmă a gândirii sociologice,
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HOW FUTURE MANAGERS VIEW SOCIETAL C
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Collected empirical data has been p
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As seen, there is no (or very low)
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EXPLANATORY ECONOMETRIC METHOD FOR
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Building models based on the initia
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2. To measure respondents' opinions
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da i � x � x for individual abs
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the organizational hierarchy), as v
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Q51 Q53 Q64 Content questions to ch
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THE NEED FOR PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT
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may expose the state budget to a hi
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public funds, the system of social
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Bibliography 1. Albu, Lucian-Liviu,
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IMPROVING THE ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES I
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finance) is much less developed tha
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esource training system, economic r
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1. "What are the problems faced by
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