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Table 1. Sources for start-up financing: males versus females, Romania versus EU (2005) Source for start-up financing Indicated by … % of the females (EU) 212 Indicated by … % of the females (RO) Indicated by … % of the males (EU) Indicate d by … % of the males (RO) Own funds or savings 81.98 90.15 86.77 91.68 Financial assistance from family or friends 30.46 32.48 25.03 34.35 Bank loan without collateral 5.74 3.45 7.24 4.74 Bank loan with collateral 10.9 3.63 11.4 3.50 Capital contribution from other 0.79 0.21 1.39 0.94 enterprises Venture capital 0.55 0.21 0.84 0.25 Financial support from public authorities 6.18 0.17 4.85 0.30 More than gender seems to matter the development stage and/or public involvement in policies and programmes fostering entrepreneurship. The most significant difference revealed by the data is related to the financial support from public authorities. The number of female entrepreneurs indicating financial support from public authorities as a source for start-up financing represents 6.18% in EU, versus 0.17% in Romania (36 times less in Romania than the EU average), while for men the figures are 4.85% in EU versus 0.30% in Romania (16 times less in Romania). Probably the gap is even bigger now, after implementing numerous European programmes in fostering women entrepreneurship. After all, if gender does not matter, there other things that matters: entrepreneurship policies! Some further research can be carried out regarding other things that matter: economic sector can be one, so different NACE in the EU database are to be studied further. And further policies should be enforced to promote, foster and support (financially included!) entrepreneurship, as an important key to economic growing and social progress. References: 1.Carter S. and Cannon T. 1992. Women as Entrepreneurs, London: Academic Press 2.Carter S. and Rosa P. 1998.‘The financing of male- and female-owned businesses’, in: Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 10(3), 225-241 3.Carter, S. 2000. “Gender and Enterprise”, in: Carter S. and Jones Evans D. (eds), Enterprise and Small Business: Principles, Practice and Policy, Addison Wesley 4.Carter S and Anderson S.2001. On the move: Women and men business owners in the United Kingdom, Washington DC: NFWBO and IBM, p. 5 5.European Commission 2000. Young Entrepreneurs, Women Entrepreneurs, Ethnic Minority Entrepreneurs and Co-ntrepreneurs in the European Union and Central and Eastern Europe, Final Report to the European Commission, Centre For Enterprise And Economic Development Research (CEEDR), Middlesex University Business School, UK, http://Ec.Europa.Eu/Enterprise/Policies/Sme/ Files/Craft/Craft- Studies/Documents/Completereport_En.Pdf
6.European Commission 2009 . Flash Eurobarometer Entrepreneurship in the EU and beyond. A survey in the U, EFTA countries, Croatia, Turkey, the US, Japan, South Korea and China. Analytical report Fieldwork: December 2009, p. 76 7.Hughes, A. and D. J. Storey. 1994, Finance and the Small Firm, London and New York: Routledge. 8.Greene, Patricia G.; Hart, Myra M.; Gatewood, Elizabeth J.; Brush, Candida G.; Carter, Nancy M. 2003. Women Entrepreneurs: Moving Front and Center: An Overview of Research and Theory, http://usasbe.org/knowledge/whitepapers/gree ne2003.pdf 213 9.Sannikova, E. 2007. Regulatory Impediments to Enterprise Development: Mobilizing Women's Economic Potential, International Conference on Reducing Barriers to Entrepreneurship and Encouraging Enterprise Development: Policy Options, 18- 19 June 2007 10.Shaw, E., Carter, S. and Brierton, J. 2001. Unequal Entrepreneurs: Why female enterprise is an uphill business, The Industrial Society 11.Verheul, I. and Thurok, R. 2001. “Start- Up Capital: Does Gender Matter?” Small Business Economics 16: 329–345 12.Welter, F., D. Smallbone and N. Isakova. 2006. Enterprising Women in Transition Economies, (eds), Aldershot, Ashgate
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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, RESEARCH, YO
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Scientific Committee: Dr. Băbăiţ
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SECTION: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS AND
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SUB-SECTION: MARKETING ............
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CHALLENGES, VULNERABILITIES AND WAY
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Data in Table no. 1.1 and Figure no
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T1/2010 T2/2010 T3/2010 T4/2010 T1/
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Table no.1.4. Romania's foreign deb
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Table no.2.1. Romania: Macroeconomi
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change) Terms of trade (percentage
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Table 2.2 shows that the weight of
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policies have not proved effective,
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The external debt can create a burd
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Table no.4.2. Contributions (%) to
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The data in Table no.4.6 emphasize
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- making the policy makers accounta
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Real GDP growth Average CPI inflati
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Real GDP growth Real growth of dome
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CPI Inflation (average) CPI inflati
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Households Non-financial corporatio
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Annex 6 Emerging Europe of selected
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Plenary session 45
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The concept of decentralization In
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macroeconomic stability and income
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"internalize" them at a local level
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one that best meets the requirement
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egional actors such as associations
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d). Political regionalization (poli
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3. Black P.A., Steenekamp, T. J. an
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A NEW THINKING FOR A NEW WORLD. REP
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forget that in reality there are no
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Another aspect - the second in our
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economy on one hand and the nature
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to each other and just as indestruc
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present realities. And do not forge
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that continues to create a sensatio
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ecology’s and of the eco-economy
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8. A free market or another type of
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undirected but totally spontaneous,
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(16) Brown Lester, Eco-economia. Cr
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I. Introduction The topic of this p
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a)funds allocated by states for ban
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continued to be enforced without ea
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ut not for a long-term project whic
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noticed, at Maastricht the decision
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ACCOUNTING FOR SUSTAINABILITY: WHAT
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stable regimes. Opposition protesto
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the perspective of accounting for s
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audit and give a professional opini
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type of outputs from accounting for
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4.3.1. Research methods Field study
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Research is useful to assess any re
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12. Fagerström, Arne, et al., (200
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LE DYNAMISME DES TPE ET PME ET L'É
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Private sector share/GDP Large-scal
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acquisitions, ou de l'extension int
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A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH REGARDING TH
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and control. During the planning ph
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marketing tools. Based on the answe
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10.Pantea, Carmen and Pop, Nicolae.
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Section International Business and
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2010, and the employment rate decre
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third of the new jobs have been cre
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References 1. *** Mednet Marketing
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POVERTY AND LIVING. ROMA POOR NEIGH
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ignored, it stems to great extent f
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disappearance. The East European co
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Tinca (2,500), Diosig (1,500), Bat
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education and occupational training
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30,0% 20,0% Percent 40,0% 10,0% 0,0
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40,0% 30,0% Percent 50,0% 20,0% 10,
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25,0% 20,0% 15,0% Percent 10,0% 5,0
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40,0% 30,0% Percent 50,0% 20,0% 10,
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40,0% 30,0% Percent 50,0% 20,0% 10,
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Table 12. How many people live in y
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50,0% 40,0% 30,0% 20,0% 10,0% 0,0%
Page 161 and 162: Table 16. How many rooms does your
Page 163 and 164: 40,0% 30,0% Percent 50,0% 20,0% 10,
Page 165 and 166: 50,0% 40,0% 30,0% Percent 60,0% 20,
Page 167 and 168: Table 22. Is there current water in
Page 169 and 170: Table 24. The perception of the pov
Page 171 and 172: 80,0% 60,0% Percent 100,0% 40,0% 20
Page 173 and 174: 20,0% 15,0% Percent 25,0% 10,0% 5,0
Page 175 and 176: Probably long-term solutions would
Page 177 and 178: ANOVA(b) Model Sum of Squares df Me
Page 179 and 180: Annex 5. Simple regression between
Page 181 and 182: Coefficients(a) Unstandardized Coef
Page 183 and 184: ANOVA(b) Model Sum of Squares df Me
Page 185 and 186: UTILISATION OF BENCHMARKING TECHNIQ
Page 187 and 188: economic growth in order to create
Page 189 and 190: Romania, as well as Bulgaria, is ex
Page 191 and 192: Section Economics and Business Admi
Page 193 and 194: THE BRAND EQUITY OF TOURISTIC DESTI
Page 195 and 196: services are. Kotler extended the c
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Page 199 and 200: 11.Harrison, S. “Culture, Tourism
Page 201 and 202: THE TOURISM BARRIERS OF THE DISABLE
Page 203 and 204: prohibit the people with disabiliti
Page 205 and 206: concerning because 14% of them answ
Page 207 and 208: START-UP FINANCING SOURCES: DOES GE
Page 209 and 210: (Carter S. and Rosa P. 1998). The m
Page 211: entrepreneurs (for comparison, bank
Page 217 and 218: COMPETITIVENESS - GROWTH FACTOR. PO
Page 219 and 220: - to harness resources and increase
Page 221 and 222: Heritage Foundation and Wall Street
Page 223 and 224: DYNAMICS ECONOMIC DISPARITIES IN NO
Page 225 and 226: Table 1 Unemployment in North-West
Page 227 and 228: smaller. Cluj in turn, has the high
Page 229 and 230: ABOUT OTHER KIND OF PRODUCTIVITY AN
Page 231 and 232: the low price levels - having as a
Page 233 and 234: Stiglitz - one of the two big Nobel
Page 235 and 236: 13.Jivan, Alexandru. „Do People (
Page 237 and 238: THE POTENTIAL OF FEMALE ENTREPRENEU
Page 239 and 240: of the 12 rural centres in each cou
Page 241 and 242: Levels: local - selection / territo
Page 243 and 244: York, Routledge Advances in Managem
Page 245 and 246: TOURISM'S CHANGING FACE: NEW AGE TO
Page 247 and 248: Leisure time will be used more acti
Page 249 and 250: Travel is no longer a novelty to th
Page 251 and 252: YOUTH LABOUR MARKET. MOBILITY, CARE
Page 253 and 254: from 30-34 years and also from 15,9
Page 255 and 256: constriction of economic activity t
Page 257 and 258: time, against the Lisbon objectives
Page 259 and 260: in family grounding and in the deci
Page 261 and 262: process, maintaining dysfunctions a
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263
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THE FINANCIAL CRISIS AND ITS IMPLIC
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sovereign debt crises burst. Greece
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crisis in Greece is only a natural
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Subsection: Accounting
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1997, Sveiby, 1997; Chen et al., 20
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we can see in the figure bellow, va
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creation ways are: growth, renewal,
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Sveiby (1997), focused on intellect
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15. Dzinkowski R., (2000) "The meas
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also differed. But the great thinke
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authorities, tax policies are used
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egarding information made public co
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IV. Interpretation of results Table
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correlation with respect to DI, whi
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Subsection: Banking
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currency in Romania which makes our
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R_DOLAR R_EURO R_FRANC R_LIRA R_YEN
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We observe that the coefficient of
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306
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up to 3 months. The definition of M
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The analysis of the correlation bet
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correlation is observed for Romania
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TOOLS USED IN DECISION MAKING Demia
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so on. Integer tolerance is used to
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PSIMean functions as it can be seen
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Sub-section: Marketing
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suplementary resources compared wit
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entail the relationship with the no
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Romania research (Bibu et al. 2008)
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4. To aknowledge the other part as
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ORGANIZATIONAL STRESS AND ITS IMPAC
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Ways of managing individual stress
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It follows therefore that a larger
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ELEMENTS FOR A MODEL OF ENTREPRENEU
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was to promote equal opportunities
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entrepreneurship in rural areas of
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paradigmă a gândirii sociologice,
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HOW FUTURE MANAGERS VIEW SOCIETAL C
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Collected empirical data has been p
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As seen, there is no (or very low)
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EXPLANATORY ECONOMETRIC METHOD FOR
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Building models based on the initia
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2. To measure respondents' opinions
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da i � x � x for individual abs
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the organizational hierarchy), as v
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Q51 Q53 Q64 Content questions to ch
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THE NEED FOR PUBLIC DEBT MANAGEMENT
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may expose the state budget to a hi
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public funds, the system of social
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Bibliography 1. Albu, Lucian-Liviu,
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IMPROVING THE ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES I
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finance) is much less developed tha
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esource training system, economic r
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1. "What are the problems faced by
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