atw 2017-12

atw Vol. 62 (2017) | Issue 12 ı December
712
ABSTRACTS | ENGLISH
Westinghouse Calls for Rethink on Europe’s
Treatment of Nuclear
NucNet | Page 714
US-based nuclear equipment manufacturer
Westinghouse Electric Company has called on
European Union legislators to adopt a
tech nology-neutral approach when discussing
the future of the bloc’s low-carbon energy policies.
In its ‘Clean Energy for All Europeans’ legis lative
package, released in November 2016, the European
Commission made no mention of nuclear energy,
said Michael Kirst, Westinghouse’s vice-president
of strategy for the Europe, Middle East and
Africa (EMEA) region at a media briefi ng in
Brussels. He said the package did not offer “a real
investment signal” to developers.
The Cost of SMRs: How Rolls Royce Aims
to Compete with Wind and Solar
NucNet | Page 715
The UK nuclear industry is hoping that claims
by Rolls-Royce that small modular reactor (SMR)
projects could deliver electricity for a similar cost to
offshore wind will provide much-needed impetus to
government plans for the country to develop a “best
value” SMR and put it into commercial operation
by the end of the next decade. Rolls-Royce and
its consortium partners, including Amec Foster
Wheeler, Arup, Laing O’Rourke and Nuvia, say the
UK SMR they are developing could produce energy
for as low as £ 60 (€ 66, $ 79) per MWh, which is
competitive against wind and solar and significantly
lower than the £ 92.50 per MWh agreed by the
government and project developer EDF for the new
Hinkley Point C nuclear station.
DataBank: Towards a New Scientific
Management Methodology
N.S. Mahmoud, R.M.A. Lashin and
L.Kh. Abdul-Aziz | Page 719
The main task of the presented management
system plan is to control and organize the
successful organisation. The achievement of the
project shall consider objectives of the organization,
strategy, workers and benefits. Various management
systems have appeared during the last
century; the scientific management approach,
administrative theory, systems approach, sociotechnical
approach, contingency or situational
approach, and others. The selection of the management
methodology for a scientific organizations in
the nuclear sector shall be, in particular, a precise
process. That is due to the different objectives of
scientific activities performed.
Supercritical Water Natural Circulation Flow
Stability Experiment Research
Dongliang Ma, Tao Zhou, Bing Li and
Yanping Huang | Page 724
The Thermal hydraulic characteristics of supercritical
water natural circulation plays an important
role in the safety of the Generation-IV supercritical
water-cooled reactors. Hence it is crucial to conduct
the natural circulation heat transfer experiment of
supercritical water. The heat transfer characteristics
have been studied under different system pressures
in the natural circulation systems. Results show
that the fluctuations in the subcritical flow rate (for
natural circulation) is relatively small, as compared
to the supercritical flow rate. By increasing the
heating power, it is observed that the amplitude
(and time period) of the fluctuation tends to
become larger for the natural circulation of supercritical
water. This tends to show the presence of
flow instability in the supercritical water. It is possible
to observe the flow instability phenomenon
when the system pressure is suddenly reduced from
the supercritical pressure state to the subcritical
state. At the test outlet section, the temperature is
prone to increase suddenly, whereas the blocking
effect may be observed in the inlet section of the
experiment.
Consequences for a Completely
Decarbonised Energy Supply for Germany
Friedrich Wagner | Page 729
This paper examines the consequences of the
transformation of Germany’s energy supply into
electricity from wind power and photovoltaics. The
consequences result from the two most important
properties – low energy density and volatile production.
The analysis is carried out by extrapolating
real production data from the period 2010 to 2016,
with the first step focusing on the technology
change for pure electricity production, and the
second on the presentation of the total final energy
within the framework of so-called sector coupling.
The main results are that renewable energies alone
do not allow a strongly reduced final energy
consumption to be achieved and that storage
facilities have a low system relevance. The recommendation
of this work is that Germany should
develop and implement a further CO 2 -free supply.
The Triple Effect of Carbon Dioxide
Eike Roth | Page 738
Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) affects the atmosphere in
three ways: it absorbs radiation and thus adds
energy to the atmosphere (heat), it emits radiation
and thus dissipates (heat) energy from the atmosphere,
both of which are important for the climate
on Earth, and the CO 2 also has a non-climate effects
on life on Earth. In principle, these effects can have
considerable consequences if anthropogenic CO 2
emissions influence the CO 2 concentration in the
atmosphere. This article point out that many
questions remain unanswered with regard to the
exact size of the individual effects and that the
consequences, in some cases, are not yet clear and
cannot yet be sufficiently quantified. This would be
necessary for responsible decisions, however, and
there is an urgent need for action.
Model France: Efficiently achieving
climate protection targets – Nuclear power
phase-out scenario adapted in favour
of climate protection
Tobias Leidinger | Page 745
In Germany – after an abrupt, legally controversial
and in some cases unconstitutional phase-out of
nuclear power (“at any price”) – the next phase-out
of is now being negotiated among new coalition
partners. In France, on the other hand, energy and
climate protection seem to be in the clear sense of
the word: the French nuclear phase-out scenario is
clearly being “stretched out” in order to achieve the
promised climate protection targets. Reason seems
to have the upper hand in France: instead of “blackand-white
scenarios”, one prefers to stick to what is
in reality feasible and achievable. In reality, the
expansion of renewable energies, the regulation of
the transport sector and electricity production from
nuclear energy are not opposites, but complement
each other in the interests of affordable energy and
effective climate protection.
Analysis of the In-Vessel Phase of SAM
Strategy for a Korean 1000 MWe PWR
Sung-Min Cho, Seung-Jong Oh and
Aya Diab | Page 747
This paper focuses on the in-vessel phase of Severe
Accident Management (SAM) strategy for a Korean
1000 MWe Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) with
reference to ROAAM+ framework approach. To
apply ROAAM+, it is needed to identify epistemic
and aleatory uncertainties. The selected scenario is
a station blackout (SBO) and the corresponding
SAM strategy is RCS depressurization followed by
water injection into the reactor pressure vessel
(RPV). The analysis considers the depressurization
timing and the flow rate and timing of in-vessel
injection for scenario variations. For the phenomenological
uncertainties, the core melting and
relocation process is considered to be the most
important phenomenon in the in-vessel phase of
SAM strategy. Accordingly, a sensitivity analysis
is carried out to assess the impact of the cut-off
porosity below which the flow area of a core node is
zero (EPSCUT), and the critical temperature for
cladding rupture (TCLMAX) on the core melting
and relocation process. In this paper, the SAM
strategy for maintaining the integrity of RPV is
derived after quantification of the scenario and
phenomenological uncertainties.
AMNT 2017: Enhanced Safety & Operation
Excellence: Focus Session: Uncertainty
Analyses in Reactor Core Simulations
Technical Session: Operation and Safety
of Nuclear Installations, Fuel
Winfried Zwermann and
Thorsten Hollands | Page 754
Summary report on the Key Topic Enhanced Safety
& Operation Excellence: Focus Session: Uncertainty
Analyses in Reactor Core Simulations and Technical
Session: Operation and Safety of Nuclear
Installations, Fuel of the 48 th Annual Meeting on
Nuclear Technology (AMNT 2017) held in Berlin,
16 to 17 May 2017.
Nuclear Vendors See Rising Prospects
for Investment in Energy-hungry Africa
John Shepherd | Page 770
The term ‘Africa rising’ derives from the economic
growth witnessed across the continent between
2000 and 2014. However, weakened performance
over the past couple of years, particularly in sub­
Saharan Africa (SSA), has dented investor
confidence and expectations. Nevertheless, the
continent remains fertile ground for investment,
including nuclear power, and at least two of the
world’s major nuclear operators and developers –
Russia and China – are stepping up interest in the
region.
Abstracts | English