Final Chemistry Notebook

Questions/Main Ideas NOTES
13.4 changes of states The change of a substance is from a solid to vapor without passing through the
liquid states is called sublimation
Sublimation
Sublimation can happen when because solids like liquids have a vapor pressure
Sublimation occurs in solid vapors pressures that exceeds atmospheric pressure
at or near room temperature. Iodine is an example that goes through
sublimation.
When solid iodine is heated the crystals sublime going directly from solid to
gaseous state. When it cools, it goes directly from gas to liquid.
Sublimation Has many useful thing such as brewed coffee.
Organic chemist use dry ice to separate mixtures and to purify compounds.
Phase diagrams
They give conditions of temperature and pressure at which as substance exist as
solids liquids and gasses.
The conditions of pressure and the temperature at which two phases exist in
equilibrium are indicated on phase diagrams by a line separating the rwo regions
representing the phases.
The triple point describes the only set condition at which all three phases can
exist in equilibrium with one another.
When an amorphous solid such as glass is shattered the fragments have irregular
angles and jagged edges
Glasses are sometimes called supercool liquids.
A glass is a transparent fusion product of inorganic substances.
You can determine what happens if you melt ice or boil, water at pressure less
than 101.3kPa A decrees in temperature lowers the boiling point. Moreover,
raises the melting point.
With an increase in pressure, it will not change the vapor to a liquid.
The solid and the vapor are in equilibrium at temperature below 0.016 Celsius..
A plasma is gaseous mixture of freely moving positive ions and electrons.
It exist naturally in the sun and other stars and in lighting. Plasmas can be
artificially created and used in a variety of technologies.
Plasma waste convers have many benefits overall traditional waste treatment
They do not require the use of dumps or landfills and they emit much less
greenhouse gases and other pollutants than incinerators.
Plasma furnace the plasma torches turn trash into syngas and slag. The
composition of the trash determines and the product.
SUMMARY:
Overall, Sublimation occurs in solid vapors pressures that exceeds atmospheric pressure at or near room
temperature. Iodine is an example that goes through sublimation. The change of a substance is from a solid
to vapor without passing through the liquid states is called sublimation. The phase diagrams they give
conditions of temperature and pressure at which as substance exist as solids liquids and gasses.
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