Digital Forensics in Small Devices: RFID Tag Investigation

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ReaderMemoryImage.md5.txt Text 8c4d840bce0ea858a6a7fb2dff514dac 8c4d840bce0ea858a6a7fb2dff514dac Yes InitialConnection.txt Text 4fcde60fa9e767c6cfcc6234ffb72937 4fcde60fa9e767c6cfcc6234ffb72937 Yes TransactionLog.txt Text 8c4ef1c03709e4f1cbcdf83dc313c503 8c4ef1c03709e4f1cbcdf83dc313c503 Yes RingBuffer.txt Text a7c6d77ddf780352f2675416f1c61ecd a7c6d77ddf780352f2675416f1c61ecd Yes RingBuffers.txt Text d42a21ae9f5d78ee9bfbaeaab9b774d8 d42a21ae9f5d78ee9bfbaeaab9b774d8 Yes LoginConfig.txt Text d4308329566b650338b1b0de9a89530e d4308329566b650338b1b0de9a89530e Yes ServerPermission.txt Text 4f9f8ca963b767a280c92a0baf875dac 4f9f8ca963b767a280c92a0baf875dac Yes ServerPrincipalData.txt Text 37d235cd64cf023f42f7dd203ec82ca8 37d235cd64cf023f42f7dd203ec82ca8 Yes SystemDatabasePermissions.txt Text c07f0bb38e5588b287dbc86150825ce9 c07f0bb38e5588b287dbc86150825ce9 Yes SystemDatabasePrincipals.txt Text a407b6fec499c67c92675df48ef4ca74 a407b6fec499c67c92675df48ef4ca74 Yes SystemDatabaseRoleMembers.txt Text 202a3f083c695d8077495d7cf4d9a818 202a3f083c695d8077495d7cf4d9a818 Yes TableStatstics.txt Text 90e2b070be5288f00ce63896f35a5d2e 90e2b070be5288f00ce63896f35a5d2e Yes TableStatstics1.txt Text 6ef4b731601b1e5b249c4b4cfa147fa3 6ef4b731601b1e5b249c4b4cfa147fa3 Yes RFID_db.txt Text dd3a6c1d1d5c6ebd2a7adba102c7436e dd3a6c1d1d5c6ebd2a7adba102c7436e Yes RFID_db_TableStats2.txt Text 1c95bbba92c1d31361652e9b8b9f8558 1c95bbba92c1d31361652e9b8b9f8558 Yes 260
CollationAndDataType.txt Text 37a07ffe3ab6f936fd77c7642e020551 37a07ffe3ab6f936fd77c7642e020551 Yes DBO_RFIDdb_tblSta.txt Text 609da9494a99f62d36ba15a375a23a3c 609da9494a99f62d36ba15a375a23a3c Yes DBO_RFIDdb_tblSta1.txt Text 80dd813b03059d565c1e3dcf6823c597 80dd813b03059d565c1e3dcf6823c597 Yes ServiceShutDown.txt Text 3e5bd28f60b6e4d4596dec044fc51e3d 3e5bd28f60b6e4d4596dec044fc51e3d Yes InitialConnection_01.txt Text 5ff7382dc28235b691f60f1adc475cbb 5ff7382dc28235b691f60f1adc475cbb Yes DBO_RFIDdb_tblStats.txt Text 609da9494a99f62d36ba15a375a23a3c 609da9494a99f62d36ba15a375a23a3c Yes DBO_RFIDdb_tblStats1.txt Text 31ae206c9c280faa143462b1af7952e5 31ae206c9c280faa143462b1af7952e5 Yes DBO_RFIDdb_tblStats_01.txt Text e7acc61413b1615e7c9bb85b799dba96 e7acc61413b1615e7c9bb85b799dba96 Yes TableStatistics.txt Text 90e2b070be5288f00ce63896f35a5d2e 90e2b070be5288f00ce63896f35a5d2e Yes TableStatistics_01.txt Text 6ef4b731601b1e5b249c4b4cfa147fa3 6ef4b731601b1e5b249c4b4cfa147fa3 Yes TableStatistics_02.txt Text 9fc07a5d1b3f414a8484866b8539f7d2 9fc07a5d1b3f414a8484866b8539f7d2 Yes DBO_RFIDdb_tblStat.txt Text e7acc61413b1615e7c9bb85b799dba96 e7acc61413b1615e7c9bb85b799dba96 Yes DBO_RFIDdb_tblStat_Tag.txt Text d09bf1cc3b410aff8c0be7c2d8fe5653 d09bf1cc3b410aff8c0be7c2d8fe5653 Yes DBO_RFIDdb_tblStat_Value.txt Text 8d5562f81f430924a50c542f4bb19f08 8d5562f81f430924a50c542f4bb19f08 Yes 261
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Digital Forensics in Small Devices:
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iii Acknowledgements This thesis wa
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v Abstract Read/Write Radio Frequen
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vii Table of Contents (Volume 1) De
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ix 3.2.2.2 The POS Entity Security
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xi 4.3.4 Analysis of the Physical D
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xiii List of Tables Table 2.1 Chara
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Figure 4.3: Error encountered durin
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xvii Figure 4.53: Acquisitions of a
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LF Low Frequency xix LLRP Low Level
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process (see Chalasani, Boppana, &
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of potential evidence after an even
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investigation. Likewise, all the re
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practices concerned with the forens
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defines different types of malware
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2.1.1 RFID Transponders or Tags The
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Table 2.1: Characteristics and Clas
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Moreover, depending on the complexi
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However, according to EPCglobal (El
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According to Harmon (2006, pp. 45-4
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2.2.1 Memory Technologies for RFID
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y the reader as the tag‟s address
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wavelength long and depends on the
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Karygiannis et al., (2007, pp. 2-15
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attacker can perform eavesdropping
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2.5 RFID STOCK MANAGEMENT SECURITY
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Figure 2.15: RFID Business System S
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3.0 INTRODUCTION Chapter 3 - Resear
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etrieve data to an external data so
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firstly affect the back-end RFID mi
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Figure 3.2: Scenario 1 illustration
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Unlike SQL Server forensics, the tr
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forensic workstation must be prepar
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Then, the researcher verified the S
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within the affected records”. In
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can also be found not only in the d
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Likewise, Relevancy is related to t
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3.2 THE RESEARCH DESIGN In the prev
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e investigated for evidence of the
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3.2.2 Review of Problem Areas in RF
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participants, the Information Syste
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3.2.3 Case Study The researcher int
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3.2.6 Research Question As stated i
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3.2.8 Data Map Figure 3.9: Data Map
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software (see Appendix 4) that can
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and Deng (2007) illustrated two eff
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system of the target machine (Jones
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other collected evidence data by us
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SQL Server artefacts (for the purpo
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presence of digital evidence after
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Figure 4.1: Error encountered durin
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server (Figure 4.6) due to the user
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Section 4.2 include the snippets of
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4.2.2 Live Extraction of Binaries R
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4.2.3.1 Automated Artefact Collecti
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4.2.3.2 Ad Hoc Artefact Collection
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4.2.3.3.1 Active VLF Data After gat
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The acquisition result of ring buff
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Depending on the version of the vic
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syntax was used to acquire a server
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:out E:\SystemDatabaseRoleMembers.t
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However, according to Fowler (2009,
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After collecting the table statisti
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Thus, the result of the current tab
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4.2.3.4.6 Data Page Allocation Arte
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components of database were enabled
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The record of shutting down the ser
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“application logic and extend the
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4.2.3.6.5 SQL Server Error Logs Usu
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4.2.4 Physical Disk Drive Finally,
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Figure 4.56: Analyzing the image co
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could not. Hence, the artefacts cou
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the laboratory to simulate a RFID t
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and confirmed the database was obvi
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SUMMARY: After analysing all the ac
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all the collected digital evidence
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Table 5.5: Secondary Research Quest
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write blocker (Tableau Forensic USB
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collected digital evidence files (b
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5.2.3 Discussion of Conducted Attac
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forensic work-station (Appendix 10)
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forensic test-station for the inves
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the trusted forensic toolkits. In a
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6.0 INTRODUCTION Chapter 6 - Conclu
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Table 6.1: Specific forensic tools
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the evidential data are the importa
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(Chapter 5; Section 5.3) for both d
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Bolan, C. (2007). A single channel
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El-Said, M. M., & Woodring, I. (200
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Hunt, V. D., Puglia, A., & Puglia,
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Kou, D., Zhao, K., Tao, Y., & Kou,
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Notes in Computer Science 5379(2009
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Tripwire, Inc. (2010a). Tripwire Ma
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Digital Forensics in Small Devices:
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Appendix 1: Volatile and Non-volati
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3 Activity Endpoints* ● md5deep N
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Appendix 2: Steps for Creating Radi
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14. Gather the latest versions of W
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The following is the detail record
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COMPLETE 'Logins.txt' (md5=A2993744
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(md5=A2993744A56BA83ADE52948062C968
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'Schemas.htm' (md5=30BB65A20F1381D7
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22:02:26: Hashing 'wft_cfg.txt' (md
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Record any checksum(s) below to lat
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22. Although the extended version o
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Appendix 3: Source Code of the Deve
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{ } else { MessageBox.Show("No read
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} } btnConnect.Enabled = true; btnD
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MessageBox.Show(this, "Connection t
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} } } dwNumEntries = usbRFID.GetNum
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add it to the list box LogItem.szID
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if(fdialog.FileName != "") { FileSt
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private string constr = @"Data Sour
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} } else { } catch (Exception ex) {
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} } } } insertTagtoDB(TagID, TagVal
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} break; case ("Protection"): { uiB
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} } } //this.Cursor = Cursors.Defau
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} } btnReadTag.Enabled = false; tmr
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private void insertTagtoDB(string T
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} } } private void btnLOGload_Click
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Step 4: Then, the Tripwire will per
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Similarly, Tripwire user account sh
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Figure A5.5: Installation of the Tr
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Appendix 6: An Example of the Condu
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Sync” allowing the users to confi
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Figure A6.8: RFID Sync Application
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Figure A6.10: Screenshot of writing
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Step 3: Configure the reader’s Ta
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Step 8: Edit the Tripwire configura
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Step 12: Record of the fictitious l
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Step 16: Similarly, check whether t
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Step 20: Check the primary database
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Appendix 7: Steps taken before the
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insert into rfid_log ( Tag, User_da
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Figure A7.3: Pre-keyed data in the
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Figure A7.7: Pre-keyed data in the
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Figure A7.11: Screenshot of Tripwir
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Step 10: Once Tripwire database was
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Appendix 8: Steps taken after the S
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Step 3: The integrity check was ini
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Figure A8.8: Screenshot of the Trip
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Figure A8.12: Screenshot of the bac
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Figure A9.3: Network Interface Card
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Figure A9.7: Enterprise Version of
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Appendix 10: Screenshots of Forensi
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Appendix 11: Forensically Sterilizi
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Figure A11. 4: Wiping all the secto
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Appendix 12: Steps for Copying and
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Figure A12.6: Acquiring the forensi
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12. However, the acquisition was ca
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15. Then, the original evidence dri
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18. Then, a bad signature file was
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Appendix 13: Artefacts Collected by
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Figure A13.5: Acquired backend SQL
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SQL SERVER - DATABASE SERVER INFORM
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Figure A13.15: Fragment of the acqu
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Figure A13.18: Result of the Acquir
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Figure A13.23: Result of the Acquir
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72CBADAE0A1F9FF34D4A35A9AB26BDB8 Au
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2428169B31C96FE4A767215000AA0008 in
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Appendix 15: WFT Tool Log during th
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06:31:36: Verifying 'sql\runsql.bat
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(md5=A7A43C52521F85BDD6683D9E0E4A00
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(md5=AB700D66945BBC9FBFA34002A808A2
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[DB Configuration] (md5=F416BF7233E
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(md5=FEDD1E9DF1B76C877B8027B62E401B
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06:32:21: Verifying 'xp\mem.exe' OK
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06:32:22: Verifying 'sysinternals\p
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'uptime.htm' (md5=B7456D103CBF5E49F
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'netlgrp.txt' (md5=E6D74D46AECD9692
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06:32:26: Verifying 'cygwin\cygwin1
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'cmdline.txt' (md5=B44C85C704337F00
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06:32:32: Verifying 'netlatency\ser
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06:32:35: Verifying 'diamondcs\ipli
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(md5=BB5127D25439D1B50A305B1CF865FE
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(md5=647578D95B7F3B11B6CCF833E29670
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06:32:41: Verifying 'perl\re.dll' O
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(md5=C4DA0F6D85F641B3E5A0F065AEDB27
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06:33:15: Verifying '2k\res_kit\dum
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[FILE SYSTEM] (md5=E9D558E387FC2208
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06:33:19: Running 'tools\xp\cmd.exe
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06:33:20: Verifying 'tools\xp\cmd.e
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'sys_ini.txt' (md5=B143A6852C9EF93E
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06:33:22: Running 'xp\at.exe' [#132
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06:33:24: Verifying 'microsoft\reg.
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(md5=4380D8F2014A5C35BF59DF30D079F0
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06:34:09: Running 'xp\gpresult.exe'
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06:34:15: Verifying 'microsoft\regd
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06:34:16: Running 'microsoft\reg.ex
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[DONE] SKIPPED (via '-nowrite' para
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'mail.gif' (md5=38477E98FB3ED60B829
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Step 3: The SQL poisoning attack wa
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Appendix 17: Live Acquisition of Ph
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The problem issue was clearly state
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Figure A17.9: Evidence item informa
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Figure A17.13: Successful creation
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Physical Drive Acquisition Report b
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Figure A18.2: Screenshot of the Acq
Page 401 and 402: Figure A18.4: Screenshots of the Ac
Page 403 and 404: Figure A19.2b: Screenshot of the In
Page 405 and 406: Figure A19.5: Screenshot of the lau
Page 407 and 408: Figure A19.10: Choosing the OS path
Page 409 and 410: Figure A19.16: Avoiding the tools t
Page 411 and 412: Figure A19.21a: WFT tool in action
Page 413 and 414: Figure A19.22b: The acquisition of
Page 415 and 416: Appendix 20: Extended wftSQL Batchf
Page 417 and 418: SET /P USERQUESTION=Use currently l
Page 419 and 420: Appendix 21_Screenshots of Hashing
Page 421 and 422: Appendix 22: Hash Values Comparison
Page 423 and 424: DBO_RFIDlog_tblStat_Date.txt Text 4
Page 425 and 426: IDE_Image.E06 EnCase Image eaa9522a
Page 427 and 428: Endpoints.htm Web Page d23eef6404ca
Page 429 and 430: PSLIST.HTM Web Page 79dbea76b982972
Page 431 and 432: IPXROUTE.HTM Web Page 97d4e1dd9621b
Page 433 and 434: PSFILE.HTM Web Page d6d58ad5914ef24
Page 435 and 436: HKLM_RS.HTM Web Page f756a379df8579
Page 437 and 438: MDM.HTM Web Page a5e04ce095305295ae
Page 439 and 440: WFT_CFG.TXT Text 1d378b80f8e0e7ea4f
Page 441 and 442: PCLIP.TXT Text 037130bf88e524d8f61a
Page 443 and 444: TLIST_V.TXT Text cdf2d49e302522e370
Page 445 and 446: HUNT.TXT Text 99553ccd8e14cae6db789
Page 447 and 448: C_hidden.txt Text 5f45b5367c7ed8852
Page 449 and 450: HKCU_R.TXT Text 9e7b99199b2931e811a
Page 451: ARKAR_US.B BASIC Source Code .E01 e
Page 455 and 456: RFID_test.md5 45c0868ea943c2171ff35
Page 457 and 458: errorlog_4.md5 3f7f86d69760b535bd82
Page 459 and 460: Appendix 23: Analysis of Acquired S
Page 461 and 462: 2010-10-25 12:37:05.56 Server Serve
Page 463 and 464: 2010-10-05 01:22:55.53 Server Detec
Page 469 and 470: 2010-10-03 00:59:55.96 Server Dedic
Page 471 and 472: 2010-10-02 00:11:57.85 Server -d C:
Page 473 and 474: 2010-10-02 02:40:05.35 Server SQL S
Page 475 and 476: 2010-10-01 23:20:15.28 Server Dedic
Page 477 and 478: 2010-10-01 23:14:19.50 Server Using
Page 479 and 480: 2010-10-01 23:20:12.40 Server The S
Page 481 and 482: 2010-10-01 23:12:03.65 spid4s Recov
Page 483 and 484: processed. Likewise, the acquired r
Page 485: Figure 24A.3: There is no record in
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