Etude par Sonde Atomique Tomographique de la formation de nano ...

tel-00751814, version 1 - 14 Nov 2012
Table of content
Chapter 2. Materials, experimental and simulation techniques .......... 46
I. Materials ......................................................................................................................... 46
I.1. ODS model alloy ................................................................................................... 47
I.2. ODS steel ................................................................................................................. 48
I.3. Mechanically alloyed NDS steel (MA NDS) .................................................. 49
I.4. Nitrided NDS .......................................................................................................... 50
II. Atom Probe Tomography (APT) ............................................................................. 52
II.1. Principle ................................................................................................................. 52
II.2. Laser assisted field evaporation .................................................................... 56
II.3. Experimental devices and their performances ........................................ 57
II.4. Particular case of ODS and NDS materials .................................................. 60
a) Determination of experimental parameters ............................................................. 60
b) Isotope overlaps ................................................................................................................... 64
c) Methods for APT data treatment ................................................................................... 69
d) Local magnification effect ................................................................................................ 71
III. Modelling of precipitation kinetics with MatCalc and Thermocalc
softwares ...................................................................................................................................... 79
III.1. Theory of precipitation kinetics .................................................................... 79
III.2. Modelling of precipitation kinetics with MatCalc .................................... 80
a) Precipitate nucleation ........................................................................................................ 80
b) Evolution of radius and composition of precipitates ............................................ 81
c) Evaluation of interfacial energies ................................................................................. 82
III.3. Used parameters for MatCalc calculations ................................................. 83
III.4. ThermoCalc software ......................................................................................... 84
IV. Conclusions of the Chapter 2. ................................................................................... 86
V. Bibliography of the Chapter 2 .................................................................................. 87
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