NOx Emissions from Cement Mfg - US Environmental Protection ...

Chapter
TABLE OF CONTENTS (con.)
Selective Noncatalytic Reduction (SNCR) 5-15
SUMMARY OF APPLICABLE NO CONTROL
x
TECHNOLOGIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
5.4 REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22
6 COSTS OF NO CONTROL TECHNIQUES . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
x
6.1 COST CALCULATION METHODOLOGY . . . . . . . . . 6-1
6.1.1 Model Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
6.1.2 Capital Cost Estimation . . . . . . . . 6-3
6.1.3 Annual Operating Costs . . . . . . . . . 6-3
6.1.3.1 Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
6.1.3.2 Operating and Supervising
Labor . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
6.1.3.3 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
6.1.3.4 Overhead . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
6.1.3.5 Property Taxes . . . . . . . . . 6-6
6.1.3.6 Insurance . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
6.1.3.7 Administrative Charges . . . . . 6-7
6.1.3.8 Capital Recovery . . . . . . . . 6-7
6.2 COSTS OF NO CONTROL APPROACHES . . . . . . . . 6-7
x
6.2.1 Combustion Control Approaches for
Reduction in NO Formation . . . . . . . 6-7
x
6.2.1.1 Combustion Zone Control of
Temperature and Excess Air . . . 6-7
6.2.1.2 Process Modifications . . . . . 6-8
6.2.1.3 Low-NO burners . . . . . . . . 6-8
x
6.2.1.4 Secondary Combustion of Fuel . 6-16
6.2.2 Postcombustion Control Approaches
for NO Emissions Control . . . . . . . 6-17
x
6.2.2.1 Selective Noncatalytic
Reduction . . . . . . . . . . 6-17
6.2.2.2 Selective Catalytic Reduction 6-23
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