Organizational Change for Participatory Irrigation Management

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1. Operational irrigation system. 2. Willing and capable IA. 3. Willing NIA as irrigation system owner. 4. Willing and facilitating NIA employees: A. Displaced employees provided with compensation package or training; and B. Retained employees provided with training program for new directions. 5. Acceptable transfer policy on: A. Financial arrangement between IA and NIA. B. Technical arrangement between IA and NIA on: a. Operation – planning, implementing and controlling water deliveries. b. Maintenance – routine maintenance and major repairs. C. Compensation package for displaced NIA personnel. 6. Tested IMT process. While substantial areas have been previously turned over to IAs under joint O&M contracts, IMT is envisioned to: a) increase the level of IA responsibility from part of the laterals to the whole of the lateral, that is, covering one hydrologic control point; b) with the approach under a), it is envisioned that there will be better coordination of water, and hence, equitability that would lead to better sharing of benefits; and c) better empowerment for beneficiaries in the field of agricultural production. The IMT Process The objectives of the program are envisioned to be attained in three stages: 1) development of the IAs to build up capacity to manage NIS; 2) transfer of the management of the NIS to IAs; and 3) sustenance of improvement under IMT contract. The first stage, itself, has five important development phases, which is coordinated with the technical aspect of development. The phases are pre-mobilization, mobilization, participatory planning, implementation and M&E/sustenance, which are presented in Table 7. The IMT program is implemented in the World Bank-assisted Second Irrigation Operation Support Project (IOSP II) and Water Resources Development Project (WRDP). The IMT process aims to improve the performance of the NIS and reduce the O&M costs to NIA. The transfer learning process parallels that of the management cycle where implementers and participants go through similar processes. The IMT process is really a never-ending cycle of mobilization, planning and implementation. One important component is the training of both NIA staff and IA officers and members. The training focus of IMT shifts from the IA leaders to the IA members. This change is essential innovation in the IMT process in recognition of the need to strengthen the mass base of the IA and broaden the support of farmers on IA activities. All training activities are anchored on the experiential learning process which provide opportunities to the target groups to actively participate and discover new concepts, learn new skills and values that lead to stronger individual commitments to the IMT. The training is built in with activity itself and the participants learn on-the-job as they actually do the activity. Hence, the training develops not only the individual participants, but also the organization as a team towards group empowerment for IMT activities. - 262 -
Table 7. The Irrigation Management Transfer Process Phase/Activity IA Development Activity Technical Activity Pre-mobilization Participatory situation analysis NIA staff development consultations on modality of operations and other aspects Mobilization Phase Design consultations IMT consultations Participatory Planning IMT negotiations Planning for POW Implementation (modality of operations) Strengthening of base organizations. Small group consultations. IA strengthening. Organization of federation. Leadership trainings. Implementation POW implementation Internal M&E. Installation of internal procedures. - 263 - Inventory of structures, facilities. Update of irrigation parameters. Formulation of improved modality of operations. Preliminary design. Design finalization. POW preparation. Internal consultations. Preparations for POW implementation. M&E/Sustenance IMT sustenance and M&E Implementation of internal procedures and rules. Assumptions of IMT responsibilities. Technical supervision and evaluation. Technical evaluation. Performance M&E. Status of IMT A total of 59,559 ha is now under IMT which is 31.53 percent of the target area of 188,866 ha covered by three foreign-assisted projects (IOSP II, WRDP and ISIP II) or 8.74 percent of the NIS area (681,255 ha) (Table 8) Among the issues identified in the IMT pilot areas are: i) The need for fund support for retirement of affected personnel and other measures pertaining to affected personnel. ii) Sustainability of the improved irrigation facilities and structures. iii) Provision of assistance programs to farmers like post-harvest facilities, marketing, credit, etc., which are beyond the mandate of NIA. The main constraint besetting IMT is the issue of personnel displacement resulting from its implementation. There are so many NIA field staff who are to be displaced by the program. NIA is addressing the concern by way of securing funds for retirement of affected staff or possible reassignment to other units. About 300 staff in the assessed 29 NIS signified their willingness to retire requiring about P=143 million.
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From: Organizational Change for Par
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Report of the APO Seminar on Organi
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FOREWORD The significant achievemen
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ureaucracies and farmer organizatio
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officials as well as farmers) about
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productivity, and agricultural perf
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Role of Water Users Associations fo
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oles: it may be diversified and div
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irrigation systems? - for example,
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1.5 ha and there are 72 farmers. In
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1. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN IRRIGATIO
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In Phase I, Curve A - the marginal
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Mexico than in Asia. Government exp
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to well over 50 percent (Figure 3).
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increasing number of health and env
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Levine, Gilbert, Ko Hai Sheng and R
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This paper will present the legal f
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System Management Committees (SMCs)
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Planning Reflection Mobilization Ac
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(Irrigation Systems Improvement Pro
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Table 3. Results of the Survey on I
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Asst. Administrator Project Develop
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ecently completed foreign assisted
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d. Size of irrigated farm holding;
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started only in 1990 during the ins
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lectures without actual practice. M
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Defects in the construction of conv
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The FIO approach was also used in p
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eplacement of steel gates, repair o
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Days (hours) Mon. Tues. Wed. Thurs.
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creeks fed by the return flows from
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if total collection is 50-60 percen
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emergency repairs during calamities
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of tapping and developing new sourc
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increased efficiency in O&M. While
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Cases have been reported where coop
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improvements should bring in modifi
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To attain self-reliance, local orga
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catalyzing the development of local
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Water Markets There are examples of
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is open to any Malaysian citizen of
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dumping-level prices to private com
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P 2 = Planned diversification of cr
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Unfortunately, in certain countries
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Tasks Related to Irrigation Managem
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Expected improvements in irrigation
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Dwivedi, R. C., 1996. "Role of Co-o
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1. BANGLADESH INTRODUCTION - 143 -
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Dry Season Water Resources Gross dr
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Table 2. Irrigated Area by Irrigati
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And, a major strategy to increase f
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d) To bring institutional changes t
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Stakeholders Types of stakeholders:
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WUOs. Representatives of the LGIs.
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circumstances stated above, PIM wil
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2. REPUBLIC OF CHINA INTRODUCTION -
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Meeting Affairs Committee President
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Taiwan is irrigated. Most of the pa
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Table 5. Water Used by Agriculture
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- 167 - Figure 5. The Framework of
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Sugar Sugar remains fundamentally i
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(vii) Research policy, since the pr
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ii) More part-time farmers than ful
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Table 1. Plan-wise Position of Irri
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The details on some major irrigatio
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As a result the total live storage
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It is an informal farmers group wit
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The WRO of PWD has established 135
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logging, 3.06 million ha by soil sa
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7. It is essential to have an unifo
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Prihar, S. S., 1995. “Management
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At the time of independence, net ir
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- 193 - Table 1. Growth of Sector-w
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Table 4. Investment on Major and Me
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Surface and groundwater potential i
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Table 10. Productivity of Two Main
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Table 12. Extent of Water-logging S
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CHANGES IN POLICIES AND RELEVANT ST
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2. Management of Groundwater While
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For the orderly administration of t
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in India are States and hence irrig
Page 163 and 164: with a broad profile of the functio
Page 165 and 166: Artisan Guilds which were supposed
Page 167 and 168: But due to very-very slow progress
Page 169 and 170: (i) Policy initiatives to effect or
Page 171 and 172: ----------. Annual Reports, various
Page 173 and 174: CURRENT SITUATION OF IRRIGATION DEV
Page 175 and 176: Table 1. National Budget for Water
Page 177 and 178: Food security and sustaining self-s
Page 179 and 180: distributed to several agencies i.e
Page 181 and 182: FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR PIM IN INDONES
Page 183 and 184: 7. ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN INTRODU
Page 185 and 186: sector is about 38 percent. The mea
Page 187 and 188: On the basis of the defined duties,
Page 189 and 190: area of about 1,000 ha with the par
Page 191 and 192: iii) Integrated planning on the bas
Page 193 and 194: The final section is on the Nationa
Page 195 and 196: Figure 2. Indus Basin Irrigation Sy
Page 197 and 198: During Rabi (winter) all the natura
Page 199 and 200: Malakand Circle Chief Engineer O&M
Page 201 and 202: courses along the newly constructed
Page 203 and 204: would largely be confined to water
Page 205 and 206: 9. PHILIPPINES - 253 - Enrique A. S
Page 207 and 208: there are inadequate number of fiel
Page 209 and 210: Presidential Decree (PD) No. 552 in
Page 211 and 212: Earlier Organizing and PIM Efforts
Page 213: clearing) in Type I and being remun
Page 217 and 218: c. ISIP II Region NIS Service Area
Page 219 and 220: on a modal of very smallholding siz
Page 221 and 222: However, overall policy decisions,
Page 223 and 224: addition to handing over of O&M dut
Page 225 and 226: implemented to ensure farmer partic
Page 227 and 228: sector organizations including Maha
Page 229 and 230: farmers who had been the operators
Page 231 and 232: 11. SRI LANKA (2) INTRODUCTION - 27
Page 233 and 234: Irrigation System Management before
Page 235 and 236: Figure 1 shows the current organiza
Page 237 and 238: 3. Operations Under participatory m
Page 239 and 240: Under INMAS, an Institutional Devel
Page 241 and 242: The performance of FOs in water dis
Page 243 and 244: costs. The savings and the official
Page 245 and 246: Table 1. Major River Basins in Thai
Page 247 and 248: Economic and Social Development Pla
Page 249 and 250: Director General Senior Expert on I
Page 251 and 252: does not address water resources ma
Page 253 and 254: They typically adopt approaches, wh
Page 255 and 256: Table 5. Proposed Plan for Implemen
Page 257 and 258: farmers in water management”. Thi
Page 259 and 260: seasonal water requirements and sub
Page 261 and 262: Table 1. Steps to Transfer Manageme
Page 263 and 264: APO Seminar on Organizational Chang
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Ms. Aquilina D. Mendoza Supervising
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Ms. Barbara R. Doctor Project Offic
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Organizational Change for Participatory Irrigation Management

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