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Debugging OpenMP Applications Debugging OpenMP Applications TotalView supports many OpenMP C and Fortran compilers. Supported compilers and architectures are listed in the TotalView Platforms and Systems Requirements document, which is on our Web site. The following are some of the features that TotalView supports: � Source-level debugging of the original OpenMP code. � The ability to plant breakpoints throughout the OpenMP code, including lines that are executed in parallel. � Visibility of OpenMP worker threads. � Access to SHARED and PRIVATE variables in OpenMP PARALLEL code. � A stack-back link token in worker threads’ stacks so that you can find their master stack. � Access to OMP THREADPRIVATE data in code compiled by the IBM and Guide, SGI IRIX, and HP Alpha compilers. The code examples used in this section are included in the TotalView distribution in the examples/omp_simplef file. On the SGI IRIX platform, you must use the MIPSpro 7.3 compiler or later to debug OpenMP. Topics in this section are: � “Debugging OpenMP Programs” on page 132 � “Viewing OpenMP Private and Shared Variables” on page 134 � “Viewing OpenMP THREADPRIVATE Common Blocks” on page 136 � “Viewing the OpenMP Stack Parent Token Line” on page 137 Debugging OpenMP Programs The way in which you debug OpenMP code is similar to the way you debug multi-threaded code. The major differences are related to the way the OpenMP compiler alters your code. These alterations include: � The most visible transformation is outlining. The compiler pulls the body of a parallel region out of the original routine and places it in an outlined routine. In some cases, the compiler generates multiple outlined routines from a single parallel region. This allows multiple threads to execute the parallel region. The outlined routine’s name is based on the original routine’s name. In most cases, the compiler adds a numeric suffix. � The compiler inserts calls to the OpenMP runtime library. 132 Chapter 7: Setting Up Parallel Debugging Sessions
Debugging OpenMP Applications � The compiler splits variables between the original routine and the outlined routine. Normally, shared variables reside in the master thread’s original routine, and private variables reside in the outlined routine. � The master thread creates threads to share the workload. As the master thread begins to execute a parallel region in the OpenMP code, it creates the worker threads, dispatches them to the outlined routine, and then calls the outlined routine itself. About TotalView OpenMP Features TotalView interprets the changes that the OpenMP compiler makes to your code so that it can display your program in a coherent way. Here are some things you should know: � The compiler can generate multiple outlined routines from a single parallel region. This means that a single line of source code can generate multiple blocks of machine code inside different functions. � You can’t single step into or out of a parallel region. Instead, set a breakpoint inside the parallel region and let the process run to it. After execution reaches the parallel region, you can single step in it. � OpenMP programs are multi-threaded programs, so the rules for debugging multi-threaded programs apply. Figure 94 on page 134 shows a sample OpenMP debugging session. About OpenMP Platform Differences In general, TotalView smooths out the differences that occur when you execute OpenMP platforms on different platforms. The following list discusses these differences: � The OpenMP master thread has logical thread ID number 1. The OpenMP worker threads have a logical thread ID number greater than 1. � Select or dive on the stack parent token line to view the original routine’s stack frame in the OpenMP master thread. � When you stop the OpenMP worker threads in a PARALLEL DO outlined routine, the stack backtrace shows the following call sequence: � Outlined routine called from the special stack parent token line. � The OpenMP runtime library called from. � The original routine (containing the parallel region). � On HP Alpha Tru64 UNIX, the system manager threads have a negative thread ID; since these threads are created by OpenMP, they are not part of the code you wrote. Consequently, you should never manipulate them. � On HP Alpha Tru64 UNIX and on the Guide compilers, the OpenMP threads are implemented by the compiler as pthreads. On SGI IRIX, they are implemented as sprocs. TotalView shows the threads’ logical and/or system thread ID, not the OpenMP thread number. � SGI OpenMP uses the SIGTERM signal to terminate threads. Because TotalView stops a process when the process receives a SIGTERM, the OpenMP process doesn’t terminate. If you want the OpenMP process to terminate instead of stop, set the default action for the SIGTERM signal to Resend. TotalView Reference Guide: version 8.7 133
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TotalView Users Guide version 8.7
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Book Overview part I - Introduction
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Contents About This Book TotalView
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Setting Preferences, Options, and X
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Installation Notes ................
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Starting Processes and Threads ....
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Displaying Allocated Arrays........
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Using Built-In Statements .........
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Figures Chapter 1: Getting Started
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Figure 76. File > Preferences: Bulk
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Chapter 13: Using Groups, Processes
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About This Book This book describes
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How to Use This Book The informatio
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Conventions and what you should cli
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Contacting Us Contacting Us Please
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Part I: Introduction This part of t
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Getting Started Figure 1: The Proce
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Getting Started Figure 3: Setting C
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Getting Started Figure 5: Diving on
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Debugging Multi-process and Multi-t
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Using Groups and Barriers Figure 10
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Introducing the CLI Introducing the
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A Couple of Processes Figure 14: A
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Threads Figure 18: Threads Threads
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Types of Threads Figure 20: Four Pr
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Organizing Chaos Figure 23: User, S
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Organizing Chaos Figure 25: Five Pr
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Creating Groups Figure 27: Step 1:
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Creating Groups Figure 30: Step 5:
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Simplifying What You’re Debugging
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Simplifying What You’re Debugging
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c h a p t e r Getting Started with
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Figure 36: Remote Display Client Se
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Figure 38: Asking for Password Usin
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Using Remote Display You can, of co
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Figure 42: Local Data in a Stack Fr
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Figure 43: Access By Options Remote
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Figure 44: Remote Host Information
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Figure 47: Saving a Profile Figure
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c h a p t e r Setting Up a Debuggin
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Starting TotalView customer_compili
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Starting TotalView If you type an e
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Starting TotalView Before Version 6
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Figure 53: Start a New Process Load
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Figure 55: Open a Core File Start a
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Figure 57: Thread > Continuation Si
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Figure 59: Setting Command-Line Opt
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Figure 61: Root Window Showing Proc
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Handling Signals Thread > Continuat
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Setting Search Paths Make your chan
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Figure 65: Select Directory Dialog
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Figure 66: File > Preferences Dialo
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Setting Preferences Dynamic Librari
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Setting Preferences Pointer Dive Th
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Setting Preferences Similarly, docu
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Page 129 and 130: c h a p t e r 6 Setting Up MPI Debu
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Page 133 and 134: Debugging MPICH Applications The MP
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Page 159 and 160: Debugging Parallel Applications Tip
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Page 163: c h a p t e r 7 Setting Up Parallel
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Figure 127: A Three- Dimensional Ar
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Figure 129: Graph and Surface Visua
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Figure 130: Visualizer Graph View W
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Figure 134: A Surface View of a Sin
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Visualizing Array Data Manipulating
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Visualizing Array Data quickly see
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Visualizing Array Data different vi
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Part IV: Using the CLI The chapters
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c h a p t e r Using the CLI 10 The
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Using the CLI Interface Starting th
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# source make_actions.tcl # dload f
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About CLI Output About CLI Output A
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Using Namespaces Using Namespaces C
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How Parallelism Affects Behavior Ho
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Controlling Program Execution Typic
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c h a p t e r 11 Seeing the CLI at
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Initializing an Array Slice Initial
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Writing an Array Variable to a File
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} } Automatically Setting Breakpoin
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Part V: Debugging The chapters in t
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c h a p t e r Debugging Programs 12
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Figure 141: View > Lookup Variable
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Figure 146: View > Lookup Function
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Manipulating Processes and Threads
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Figure 150: The Threads Tab Updatin
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Why breakpoints don’t work (part
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Examining Groups Manipulating Proce
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Manipulating Processes and Threads
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Figure 155: Stepping Illustrated Us
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Executing to a Selected Line If the
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Killing (Deleting) Programs 3 Conti
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Figure 158: Tools > Debugger Loaded
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Figure 160: File > Preferences: Dyn
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Setting the Program Counter some co
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c h a p t e r Using Groups, Process
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Stepping (Part I) � Set breakpoin
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Understanding Thread Width Stepping
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Understanding Process/Thread Sets S
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Specifying Arenas Setting Process a
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Figure 163: Width Specifiers Settin
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Setting Group Focus � Lockstep Gr
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Specifier Specifies Setting Group F
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‘All’ Does Not Always Mean ‘A
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The following are some additional e
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Setting Group Focus Although the lo
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Naming Lists with Inconsistent Widt
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Using P/T Set Operators Using P/T S
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Figure 164: Group > Custom Groups D
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c h a p t e r Examining and Changin
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Figure 167: List and Vector Transfo
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Figure 169: A Tooltip Displaying Va
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Displaying Variables since the vari
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Figure 173: Variable Window Showing
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Displaying Variables Scoping Issues
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Figure 177: Program Browser and Var
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Figure 179: Diving on Local Variabl
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Figure 181: View > Examine Format >
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Figure 184: Variable Window with Ma
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Figure 185: Undive/Redive Buttons F
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Figure 188: Displaying C Structures
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Figure 190: The Tools > Expression
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Figure 193: Expression List Window
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Figure 197: Using Functions in the
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Viewing a List of Variables (or sel
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Figure 199: Using an Expression to
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Figure 200: Three Casts Changing a
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Changing a Variable’s Data Type W
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Changing a Variable’s Data Type T
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Figure 202: Displaying wchar_t Data
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Changing the Address of Variables D
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Figure 204: Displaying C++ Classes
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Figure 205: Diving on a Common Bloc
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Figure 207: Fortran 90 User- Define
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Displaying Thread Objects that has
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Figure 210: Variable Window: Showin
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c h a p t e r Examining Arrays 15 T
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Examining and Analyzing Arrays This
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Figure 213: An Array Slice and an A
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Figure 214: Array Data Filtering by
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Figure 216: Array Data Filtering by
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Figure 218: Array Statistics Window
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Figure 219: Viewing Across Threads
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Visualizing Array Data Visualizing
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c h a p t e r 16 Setting Action Poi
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Figure 222: Action Point Tab Settin
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Figure 224: Setting Breakpoints on
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Figure 227: Ambiguous Function Dial
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Figure 229: Action Point > At Locat
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Figure 232: PC Arrow Over a Stop Ic
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Setting Breakpoints and Barriers at
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Setting Breakpoints and Barriers Ab
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Setting Breakpoints and Barriers Wh
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Defining Eval Points and Conditiona
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Defining Eval Points and Conditiona
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Figure 236: Stopped Execution of Co
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Using Watchpoints Platform Assemble
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Using Watchpoints Computer Constrai
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Watching Memory Using Watchpoints A
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The following is an expression that
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c h a p t e r Evaluating Expression
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Why is There an Expression System?
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Figure 240: Expression List Window:
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Using Programming Language Elements
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Using the Evaluate Window Using the
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Figure 244: Evaluating Information
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Using the Evaluate Window Pseudo Op
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Using Built-in Variables and Statem
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Glossary ACTION POINT: A debugger f
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off the function reference to an ev
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DOPE VECTOR: This is a run time des
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INITIALIZATION FILE: An optional fi
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PARCEL: The number of bytes require
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threads. There are two kinds of ser
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SYMBOL NAME: The name associated wi
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Index Symbols # scope separator cha
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array structure viewing limitations
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context 138 description 140 empty c
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Tools > Watchpoint 10, 378 totalvie
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into a stack frame 174 into a struc
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-file command-line option to Visual
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see alsoshared libraries limitation
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expressions 275 set of arenas 259 s
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PVM groups, unrelated to process gr
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stride elements 334 UPC 158 upper b
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threads model 18 threads tab 230 th
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View > Compilation Scope commands 2
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