2. Behavioral Biology TALKS - Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft

Chair: Torsten H. Struck
�132 Udo Rempe A 703 / 16:15
Refining evolutionary distances by character weighting
Author: Udo Rempe 1
Affiliation: 1 Zoologisches Institut, Universität Kiel
If two species B and C descend from their last common ancestor A an evolutionary
track runs from A to B. During evolution shots" may change the states of characters.
For instance at position 996 of mt-DNA-coded proteins compiled by MAX TELFORD
there occur the three amino acids FLY. The probabilities that one of the three
aminoacids is retained after one shot or substituted by another one can be
calculated. The probabilities that after a given number of shots (1) the amino acids
remain unchanged or differences are lost by succeeding changes or (2) differences
are observed can too be calculated. By use of the changing probabilities the number
ab of shots between A and B, the number of shots ac between A and c, and the
number bc=ab+ac between B and C can be estimated. Position 996 is only one of
1101 homologous protein positions with more than one amino acid. From these we
get 17851 regressors x1, x2, ..., x17851. Position 996 contributes regressors x6282 for
FL, x6283 for FY, x6284 for LL, x6285 for LY, and x6286 for YY which have the value 1
if the corresponding amino acid pair is found and else have the value 0. For each
number of shots we get regression coefficients b1, b2, ..., b17851. These are the
values necessary for character weighting. The importance of the resulting
evolutionary distances for resolving deep metazoan phylogeny will be discussed.
�133 Richard Mally A 703 / 16:30
Testing monophyly of megadiverse Spilomelinae (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea)
Authors: Richard Mally 1 , Christoph Neinhuis, Matthias Nuss
Affiliation: 1 Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden, Museum of Zoology
Spilomelinae represent one quarter of the 16,000 described species of Pyraloidea,
making it the most speciose subgroup of the snout moths. Spilomelinae have a
worldwide distribution with highest diversity in the tropics, and they contain many
species of economic importance, including invasive pests like the box tree moth
Cydalima perspectalis. So far, Spilomelinae are exclusively defined by typological
means and have repeatedly been claimed to be polyphyletic (Minet 1982, Solis &
Maes 2003). A morphology-based cladistic analysis (Solis & Maes 2003) failed to find
autapormorphies for the group. As an initial step towards a stable, phylogenetically
justified nomenclature, we present first results of our test on the monophyly of
Spilomelinae.
Our taxon sampling comprises representatives of most of the 15 genus groups
defined by Munroe (1995) (though he did not give a diagnosis for any of these
groups), 25 of the 29 spilomeline genera occurring in Europe and representatives
from the Afrotropical and Oriental regions as well as 11 Pyraustinae taxa. We
compiled molecular data of mitochondrial COI gene and nuclear genes EF1a, GAPDH,
IDH and analyzed them phylogenetically using MrBayes. Our preliminary results
indicate a sister-group relationship of Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae. Spilomelinae
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