2. Behavioral Biology TALKS - Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft

�58 Oscar Brusa M 627/ 14:15
Divergent evolution in the polymorphic granular poison-dart frog, Oophaga
granulifera: genetics, colouration, advertisement calls and morphology.
Authors: Oscar Brusa 1 , Adriana Bellati 1 , Ivonne Meuche 1 , Nicholas Mundy 1 , Heike
Pröhl 1
Affiliation: 1 Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover
Intraspecific geographical variation in colouration is a common phenomenon in
animal species. Among those, aposematic animals represent a peculiar case because
such a variation is expected to be highly constrained. Characterising geographical
patterns of phenotypic and genetic divergence is important to understand the
processes responsible for the evolution of colour diversity in aposematic species. We
investigated the phylogeographic structure of the poison-dart frog Oophaga
granulifera in Costa Rica, analysing mtDNA and microsatellite loci, and contrasted the
observed divergence to the variation in colouration, advertisement call and
morphology. We found two clearly divergent southern and northern lineages, the
former phenotypically red and the latter including red, green and an array of
intermediate variants. The reflectance spectra analysis showed gradual variation in a
colour transition area between the red and green morphs. Those extreme morphs
diverged in advertisement call and morphology revealing potential for assortative
mating. The lack of a clear genetic differentiation among morphs suggests a recent
origin of colour divergence in O. granulifera.
�59 J. Susanne Hauswaldt M 627 / 14:30
Comparison of phylogeographies and transcriptome data of Rana temporaria and R.
dalmatina, two co-distributed species of Western Palearctic brown frogs
Authors: J. Susanne Hauswaldt 1 , Sebastian Steinfartz 1 , Pablo Orozco-ter Wengel 1 ,
David R. Vieites 1 , Miguel Vences 1
Affiliation: 1 TU Braunschweig
We have reconstructed range-wide phylogeographies of two widespread species of
brown frogs with largely overlapping ranges, the common frog (Rana temporaria)
and the agile frog (R. dalmatina). We sampled 27 populations of R. temporaria and 21
of R. dalmatina and analyzed mitochondrial (cyt-b), and nuclear gene (RAG-1)
sequences, eight microsatellite loci, and SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) of
the transcriptome of both species. While in R. temporaria we found substantial
population genetic structure and genetic diversity at the individual level across the
different marker systems used, in R. dalmatina we found a single most common
haplotype across Europe both in cyt-b and RAG-1, with only one genetically divergent
population in southern Italy. R. dalmatina also showed significantly less diversity in
the microsatellites and in the number of SNPs per 100 bp compared with R.
temporaria. Our overall observed genetic patterns are in agreement with
paleoclimatic models, such as a refugium for R. dalmatina in southern Italy and highly
fragmented smaller populations during the last glacial maximum (LGM). In R.
temporaria we found basal lineages in Spain and indication of wider and continuous
distribution during the LGM. Higher genetic diversity in R. temporaria may explain
higher morphological diversity and wider habitat-breadth found in this species
84