Issue 10 Volume 41 May 16, 2003

20030034731 Nevada Univ., Las Vegas, NV
Analysis of Two Methods of Isometric Muscle Contractions During the Anti-G Straining Maneuver
Annicelli, Lance L.; May 2003; 85 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A410693; UNLV-CI02-836; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A05, Hardcopy
This study investigated the difference in Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) and Cardiac Output (CO) between two methods
of isometric muscle contractions during the Anti-G Straining Maneuver (AGSM). 12 subjects (ages 18 to 38 years, height
176.8 plus or minus 7.4 cm, body mass 78.8 plus or minus 15.6 kg, percent body fat 14.3 plus or minus 6.6\%) participated
in the study. The study was a one-way within-subject design with test conditions counterbalanced. Two methods of isometric
muscle contractions lasting 30 seconds each were assessed; an isometric push contraction and an isometric muscle tensing
contraction. The dependent parameters were MAP and CO. The average MAP during the push contraction was 123 mmHg,
SD plus or minus 11 and for tense was 118 mmHg, SD plus or minus 8. CO was 7.6 L/min, SD plus or minus 1.6 for push
and 7.9 L/min SD plus or minus 2.0 for tense method. Dependent t-tests revealed t(11) = 1.517, p=0.157forMAPandt(11)
= 0.875, p = 0.400 for CO. This study demonstrated that the two methods of isometric muscle contractions were not
statistically different with regards to MAP and CO. Therefore, both forms of isometric contractions may be potentially useful
when performing the muscle contraction portion of the AGSM.
DTIC
Heart Rate; Exercise Physiology; Stress (Biology)
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BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Includes psychological factors; individual and group behavior; crew training and evaluation; and psychiatric research.
20030032427 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
Biologically Inspired Behavioral Strategies for Autonomous Aerial Explorers on Mars
Plice, Laura; Pisanich, Greg; Lau, Benton; Young, Larry A.; December 09, 2002; 16 pp.; In English; IEEE 2003 Aerospace
Conference, 8-15 Mar. 2003, Big Sky, MT, USA; Original document is crooked and contains black and white illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS2-00065; RTOP 712-92-43; RTOP 749-50-00; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy
The natural world is a rich source of problem- solving approaches. This paper discusses the feasibility and technical
challenges underlying mimicking, or analogously adapting, biological behavioral strategies to mission/flight planning for
aerial vehicles engaged in planetary exploration. Two candidate concepts based on natural resource utilization and searching
behaviors are adapted io technological applications. Prototypes and test missions addressing the difficulties of implementation
and their solutions are also described.
Author
Autonomy; Mars (Planet); Activity (Biology); Aerial Photography
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MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
Includes human factors engineering, bionics, man-machine systems, life support, space suits and protective clothing. For related
information see also 16 Space Transportation and Safety and 52 Aerospace Medicine.
20030032422 NASA Kennedy Space Center, Cocoa Beach, FL, USA, Dynamac Corp., Cocoa Beach, FL, USA
Crop Production for Advanced Life Support Systems - Observations From the Kennedy Space Center Breadboard
Project
Wheeler, R. M.; Sager, J. C.; Prince, R. P.; Knott, W. M.; Mackowiak, C. L.; Stutte, G. W.; Yorio, N. C.; Ruffe, L. M.; Peterson,
B. V.; Goins, G. D.; February 2003; 69 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations
Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2003-211184; NAS 1.15:211184; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy
The use of plants for bioregenerative life support for space missions was first studied by the US Air Force in the 1950s
and 1960s. Extensive testing was also conducted from the 1960s through the 1980s by Russian researchers located at the
Institute of Biophysics in Krasnoyarsk, Siberia, and the Institute for Biomedical Problems in Moscow. NASA initiated
bioregenerative research in the 1960s (e.g., Hydrogenomonas) but this research did not include testing with plants until about
1980, with the start of the Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS) Program. The NASA CELSS research was
carried out at universities, private corporations, and NASA field centers, including Kennedy Space Center (KSC). The project
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