Issue 10 Volume 41 May 16, 2003

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Jason-1, the TOPEX/POSEIDON (T/P) radar altimeter follow-on, is intended to continue measurement of the ocean surface with the same, if not better accuracy. T/P has demonstrated that, the time variation of ocean topography can be determined with an accuracy of a few centimeters, thanks to the availability of highly accurate orbits based on SLR and DORIS tracking. For verification and cross-calibration, Jason-1, was initially injected into the T/P orbit, flying just 72 seconds ahead of T/P. This configuration lasted over 21 Jason cycles. In mid-August T/P was maneuvered into its final tandem configuration, a parallel groundtrack, in order to improve the combined coverage. Preliminary investigations using cycles 1-9, shown at the June 2002 SWT, indicated that nominal Jason orbits can achieve the 2-3 cm accuracy objective, however several puzzling aspects of SLR and DORIS measurement modeling were also observed. This paper presents recent analysis of Jason SLR+DORIS POD spanning more than 20 cycles, and revisits several of the more puzzling issues, including estimation of the Laser Retroreflector Array (LRA) offset. The accuracy of the orbits and of the measurement modeling are evaluated using several tests, including SLR, DORIS, and altimeter crossover residual analysis, altimeter collinear analysis, and direct comparison with GPS and other orbits. T/P POD results over the same period are used as a reference. Author Topography; Oceans; Ocean Surface; Radio Altimeters 20030032385 Army Research Lab., White Sands Missile Range, NM, USA Models for Saturable and Reverse Saturable Absorption in Materials for Optical Limiting Pritchett, Timothy; Oct. 2002; 29 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A410148; ARL-TR-2567; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The systems used to protect eyes and sensors from frequency-agile laser weapons must be capable, over a relatively broad range of frequencies, of absorbing, refracting, deflecting, or scattering laser radiation of high intensity, even while affording high transmission to light of low to moderate intensity. The design of such devices begins with an accurate characterization of the nonlinear optical response of the candidate active materials. In this work, the relevant material parameters can be extracted from experimentally obtained data only by indirect means: that is, the actual experimental results are compared to the results obtained from a theoretical model employing hypothetical values of the desired parameters, and the parameters of the model are varied until the model results match the experimental data. If this procedure is to work, the model must capture all the essential features of the interaction of the material to be characterized with the laser beam propagating through it. We review the assumptions and approximations underlying the commonly used models for nonlinear absorption, paying particular to the limits of applicability that these impose. DTIC Nonlinear Systems; Laser Weapons; Radiation Protection; Optical Properties; Laser Beams 20030032985 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Removing Fringes from STIS Slitless Spectra and WFC3 CCD Images Malumuth, E. M.; Hill, R. S.; Gull, T.; Woodgate, B. E.; Bowers, C. W.; Kimble, R. A.; Lindler, D.; Hill, R. J.; Cheng, E. S.; Cottingham, D. A.; [2002]; 4 pp.; In English; Hubble Space Telescope Workshop, 17-18 Oct. 2002, Baltimore, MD, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy We have developed a model that allows us to defringe slitless 2-dimensional spectra taken with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS). An IDL tool has been developed which allows the user to defringe any spectrum obtained with the G750L grating on STIS. This technique has been employed to model the fringing on Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) flight candidate CCDs. Author Imaging Techniques; Ccd Cameras; Spaceborne Telescopes; Interference; Diffraction Patterns; Spectrographs 20030033124 Vavilov State Optical Inst., Saint Petersburg, USSR Development of Liquid Crystal Spatial Light Modulators for mid-IR radiation, Addressed by Visible Radiation Venediktov, Vladimir Y.; Oct. 2002; 37 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A410722; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This report results from a contract tasking Research Institute for Laser Physics as follows: Recent years has shown fast progress in the development of the technique of compensation for distortions in laser and imaging optical systems working in the visible spectral range through the use of dynamic holographic recording in optically-addressed liquid crystal spatial light modulators. However, this has not been extended to the mid-IR due to the lack of photoconductors that are sensitive to radiation in this wavelength range. The goal of this project is to solve this problem with an approach that will result in the 205
photoconductive layer being transparent to the mid-IR radiation, and with the internal mirror that reflects the mid-IR radiation being sufficiently transparent to the visible light that the hologram can be recorded. Several elements of this type will be fabricated, tested and delivered. The spatial light modulator is to provide high diffraction efficiency for the recording of the dynamic grating, and to possibly record the phase gratings with the amplitude of the phase retardation of as much as 2 pi radians in the mid-IR spectral range. DTIC Liquid Crystals; Infrared Radiation; Light Modulators 20030033950 Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, RI Method for Coupling Fiber Optic Elements Antonelli, Lynn T., Inventor; Dec 2002; 15 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-D020050; No Copyright; Avail: Issuing Activity (Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)) A method for coupling fiber optic elements includes providing a hollow wax housing. A first fiber optic element is inserted in a first direction into the housing to position a free end thereof in the housing. A second fiber optic element is inserted into the housing from an opposite direction to position a free end of the second fiber optic element in the housing confronting the first fiber optic element free end. The housing is filled with optical grade epoxy resin which is permitted to cure, thereby to effect physical and optical connection between the first and second fiber optic elements. The free ends are in close proximity, or in the case of coupling from one strand to many, in enough of a spaced relation to cause needed light diffusion. DTIC Coupling; Optical Fibers 20030034718 INTELLITE ALBUQUERQUE NM Micromachined Deformable Mirrors for Beam Control and Imaging Applications Mansell,; Feb. 2002; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-01-C-0060; AF Proj. STTR Report No.(s): AD-A410687; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-03-0015; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy We have built and are testing Mini-Cassegrain deformable mirrors to produce prototype bench level system in the next few weeks. These mirrors were fabricated in our clean-room facility here in Albuquerque and differ from normal DMs by having a transparent faceplate membranes and perforations in the back plate to allow light to transmit through the membrane. These mirrors are being tested in the clean area of our office facility. Electronics for a driver/ controller are in final preparation. Parts to assemble a filly operational Mini-Cassegrain are now on-hand. DTIC Cassegrain Optics; Deformable Mirrors 20030034906 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA Monte Carlo Simulations of Arterial Imaging with Optical Coherence Tomography Amendt, P.; Estabrook, K.; Everett, M.; London, R. A.; Maitland, D.; Feb. 01, 2000; 18 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2002-790961; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge The laser-tissue interaction code LATIS is used to analyze photon scattering histories representative of optical coherence tomography (OCT) experiments performed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Monte Carlo photonics with Henyey-Greenstein anisotropic scattering is implemented and used to simulate signal discrimination of intravascular structure. An analytic model is developed and nsed to obtain a scaling law relation for optimization of the OCT signal and to validate Monte Carlo photonics. The appropriateness of the Henyey-Greenstein phase function is studied by direct comparison with more detailed Mie scattering theory using an ensemble of spherical dielectric scatterers. Modest differences are found between the two prescriptions for describing photon angular scattering in tissue. In particular, the Mie scattering phase functions provide less overall reflectance signal but more signal contrast compared to the Henyey-Greenstein formulation. NTIS Coherence; Monte Carlo Method; Computer Aided Tomography; Optical Properties 20030036948 Helsinki Univ. of Technology, Espoo Flow and Conductivity Properties of Comb-Shaped Self-Organized Supramolecules Maeki-Ontto, R.; Nov. 23, 2001; 46 pp. Report No.(s): PB2003-102632; Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) 206
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NASA STI Program ... in Profile Sin
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NASA STI Availability Information N
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Geosciences 42 Geosciences (General
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SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL AEROSPACE
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20030032495 NASA Glenn Research Cen
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20030033050 Army Safety Center, For
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20030037107 National Transportation
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20030032531 NASA Langley Research C
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20030034653 Northrop Grumman Corp.,
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and 0.65 plus or minus 0.04 MPa the
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12 ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL) Includes
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13 ASTRODYNAMICS Includes powered a
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20030032478 InDyne, Inc., Cocoa Bea
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18 SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND P
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Bipropellant propulsion systems cur
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The production of onboard electrica
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polyurethane The study shows that t
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No abstract available NTIS Amorphou
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24 COMPOSITE MATERIALS Includes phy
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air from the front face; and (iv) s
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the composite uniformly because it
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20030037016 Lawrence Livermore Nati
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in an apparatus designed to keep th
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time-consuming experimental synthes
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important role in the production of
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This report discusses high energy d
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20030037175 Air Products and Chemic
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intensity ratios of forbidden lines
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20030037128 Geological Survey, Rest
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Hybrid Performance Fluids are fluid
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forming a brazed bonding layer at a
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technology R&D program include cata
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In the past three decades, the petr
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changes; develop operating guidelin
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20030034642 Edgewood Chemical Biolo
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20030037136 Department of Commerce,
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20030033053 Genoa Univ., Genoa, Ita
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oth ends of the system provides an
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20030032307 NASA Glenn Research Cen
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We have demonstrated a new sub-thre
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This report results from a contract
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A microdialysis sensor system for c
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The atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) tech
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20030032380 Air Force Research Lab.
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e applied to the study of fluid mot
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The high pressure supercritical fac
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used to validate the specified perf
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these microcalorimeters to the fiel
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Engineering results from the first
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iological molecules, or from aeroso
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to a highly three-dimensional flow
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PoRTIA, a small CdZnTe balloon inst
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Uniaxial fatigue tests were conduct
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table) (Index of refraction, Snell
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20030034625 IMPERIUM INC SILVER SPR
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analyzed to identify a suitable ave
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irrigation, industrial processing,
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elationships between soil compositi
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variability of F(sub NET), follow c
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water vapor, clouds and cloud masks
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and Rail Guns which are directly co
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We have investigated and compared m
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as the complex MODTRAN model, and m
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General Atomics have undertaken a j
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This report provides a users’ gui
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air quality regulation be made more
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20030037149 Environmental Protectio
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mercury emissions control, followin
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star. Proplyds are, thus, sources o
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suited for evaluating the impact of
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(AERI-00) data in the period April
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A key focus of CRYSTAL-FACE (Cirrus
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in order to keep the fine structure
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has been split into the period befo
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48 OCEANOGRAPHY Includes the physic
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20030036995 Geological Survey, Menl
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across membranes separating the int
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52 AEROSPACE MEDICINE Includes the
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20030034731 Nevada Univ., Las Vegas
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a tongue mapping closely resembling
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Page 250 and 251: ecalls numerous World War II progra
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TIES for Dummies 3rd Edition (Techn
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CRACK PROPAGATION Crack Growth Data
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DECISION MAKING Exploration of Adva
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DRILLING Tomographic Site Character
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Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy a
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FACTOR ANALYSIS Quantization of Mot
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Preliminary Design and Analysis of
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GRAND TOURS Vertical Structure in O
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Hybrid Inorganic/Organic Reactive P
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Single and Double Infrared Transiti
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Application of Matrix-Assisted Lase
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MARS SURFACE Evaluation of Human vs
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MICROSTRUCTURE Analysis of Gd(Sub 5
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NEUTRON RADIOGRAPHY Recent Results
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ORGANIZATIONS Academy Sharing Knowl
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PILOT RATINGS A Human Error Analysi
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PRIMARY COSMIC RAYS Physics of the
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RADIOCHEMISTRY Building a LLNL Capa
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ROCKET EXHAUST An Overview of Resea
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SHORT TAKEOFF AIRCRAFT Runway Indep
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SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE SHADOZ (Souther
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STELLAR MASS FUV Spectra of Evolved
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SYNTHETIC FUELS New Polynitrogen Mo
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Three-Dimensional MHD Modeling of T
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UNSTEADY FLOW Automated Quantitatio
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WEATHER FORECASTING A Global Aeroso
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Aabakken, J. Issues associated with
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Bansal, Narottam P. Strength, Fract
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Branston, Detrick D. Comparison of
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Cheung, Bob Assessment of Motion Ef
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Delisle, Matthew Two-Way Communicat
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Fajardo, Mario E. Aluminum Doped Pa
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Gloystein, John A Comparison of Non
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Heap, S. R. Coronagraphic Imaging w
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Ide, Kym M. Composite Propellants w
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Kilgroe, J. D. Control of Mercury E
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Lee, R. S. Small-Scale Safety Test
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Mackowiak, C. L. Crop Production fo
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Miller, T.C. Effects of Damage on I
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Nohama, Percy Computerized System t
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Pimenta, Alexandre Alvares Zonal Dr
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Rodriguez, A. O. Magnetic Resonance
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Shappell, Scott A. A Human Error An
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Su, J. Electrospinning of a Micro-a
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Valasek, Michael Virtual Nonlinear
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Wickham, D. Estimating the Equivale
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