SMALL DAMS PETITS BARRAGES

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Realistically however, in many response situations, as concluded by Cox/2007 based on practical experience, an engineer or inspector will not have quick access to these files. And in some cases, even when the files are available not all critical information may be included. It is very important to arrive on site with the right equipment, as pointed out by Cox/2007 [7]. It should not be expected that the first engineer or inspector on site will come equipped to repair problems, but the following is a list of equipment which might prove useful when responding a top dam safety emergency, and then need to be prepared previously: Filed book and pencils Clip board Digital camera (extra batteries) Cell phone (with important number of batteries); Measuring tape Flashlight (extra batteries) Rain gear and umbrella Calculator Laptop (with wireless internet connection) Stake or ruler for staff gauge GPS Unit Tracer dye. Since the collection of such equipment takes time, it is generally a good idea to preassemble a “ready bag” or plastic tube with all necessary equipment so that it is ready to be loaded into a vehicle on short notice. Personal safety gear such as high-visibility clothing, flotation devices and hard hats should be available. 8.8 EMERGENCY EXERCISING AND UPDATING Emergency incidents at dams and dam failures are not common events. Training exercises are necessary to maintain operation readiness, timeliness and responsiveness. This may accomplished through development and conduct of an emergency exercise program. It is recommended that detailed guidelines on developing and implementing Emergency Action Plan will be used in these situations. Warning and evacuation plans should be considered “living” documents, as pointed out by the Bureau of Reclamation [1]. This means that: 1. They will never be completed; 2. They should be reviewed not less than each five years for small dams; 3. Review should include participation of personnel of the dam operating organization, and local authorities when possible; 4. All updates should be made promptly. Changes that may frequently require revision and update of emergency action plans include changes in personnel of involved organizations and changes in communications systems. As a minimum, review of office telephone numbers and appropriate personnel included in notification flowcharts should be conducted. During the review of warning and evacuating plan, a comprehensive evaluation of the adequacy of the plan should be made as well. 148
8.9 REFERENCES [1] BURREC (1994) – “Emergency Action Planning Guidelines For Dams and Reservoirs”, U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation; [2] ABADJIEV, C.B. (2009) – Personal contribution received from Bulgaria; [3] FEMA (2007) – “Emergency Action Planning for State Regulated High-Hazard Potential Dams, Findings, Recommendations and Strategies”, FEMA 708, August 2007; [4] LOPEZ, L.A., MARTINEZ, F.J.S., CORDBA, J.Y. (2004) – “The Emergency Action Plans in Spain”, Annual Conference from the ASDSO – Association of State Dam Safety Officials, Sept 2004; [5] SMEC (2007) – “Draft Guidelines for Managing Small Dams”, The Republic of Uganda – Appendix D, SMEC Australia Pty Ltd, Feb 2007; [6] BADENHORST, D.B. (2004) – “Vygeboom Dam: Operation, Maintenance Manual and Emergency Plan”, South Africa; [7] COX, C.W. (2007) – “Dam Emergency Response Suggestions for a Dam Safety Engineer’s Toolkit and Checklist ”, Annual Conference from the ASDSO – Association of State Dam Safety Officials, Sept 2007, Boston; [8] JINBAO, S., LEI, L.,ZHAOSHENG, W., XUEHUI, P., SHICHEN, Z. (2007) – “Small Dam Safety and Risk Management in China”, ICOLD 75 th Annual Meeting, Saint Petersburg, Russia; [9] GRAHAM, W.J. (2008) – “The Teton Dam Failure: Factors Affecting the Warning and Evacuation Success”, International Conference on Dam Safety Management, Nanjing, China. 149
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SMALL DAMS Design, Surveillance and
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FOREWORD The ICOLD - International
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The Ad Hoc Committe
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FOREWORD ACKNOWLEDGEMENT SUMMARY TA
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5.5.5 Compaction in confined areas
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7.2.1 Introduction 7.2.2 Spillway c
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1. SMALL DAMS DEFINITION AND CLASSI
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2 Fig. 1.2 - Relationship H . V wit
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1.3 REFERENCES [1] French Committe
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2.3 ZONED EARTHFILL DAMS In arid pa
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sloping core guarantees water impou
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Fig. 2.11 - Hlinky Concrete Gravity
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Fig. 2.13 - Photograph of Neusberg
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The gabion dam as the gabion retain
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Some inflatable dams are operated b
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3.1 INTRODUCTION 3. SAFETY OF SMALL
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Condition Effect on safety 13. Dama
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Fig. 3.2 - Massive dam break overto
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and suffusion or internal instabili
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downstream part of the embankment m
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small dam impounding a lot of water
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Whenever the Supervising Authority
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emergency management organizations
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c) The decommissioning plan should
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5.1 INTRODUCTION 5. FEATURES OF THE
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5.2 DESIGN FLOODS Inadequate flood
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downstream slope will show seepage
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Fig. 5.2 - Design Freeboard 5.4.3 F
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2 U f Fe S 1400 D Where Uf is the d
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Maximum compaction is obtained at c
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characteristic must be determined.
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5.6.1 Foundation Watertightness The
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� A continuous vertical chimney d
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Thickness of pervious layer Thick D
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t 5.7.1.4 Practical Considerations
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It is generally accepted that cohes
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� Simple Bishop (1955) � Spence
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� The elements for surface draina
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The supporting layer for the rip-ra
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For very small reservoirs (fetch of
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The junction of the downstream slop
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Fig. 5.14 - Hongshiyan homogenous d
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material has been left in place or
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The homogeneous dam is recommended
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[3] OL and OH soils are not recomme
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part (core) lies in the zone (Fig.
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6. GUIDELINES ON SURVEILLANCE OF SM
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cases the owner may retain the serv
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Page 99 and 100: Fig. 6.1 - Leakage measurement usin
Page 101 and 102: Water Level Sounder - Details of th
Page 103 and 104: pressure) Left abutment 2 5 Weir ga
Page 105 and 106: Fig. 6.9 - Recommended standpipe pi
Page 107 and 108: the others weir gauges need to be i
Page 109 and 110: � Earthquakes sensible at the dam
Page 111 and 112: APPENDIX INSPECTION CHECKLIST FOR S
Page 113 and 114: Exposed reinforcement � The condu
Page 115 and 116: These spillways can be lined or unl
Page 117 and 118: flowing water. Flowing water with h
Page 119 and 120: Fig. 7.3 - Installation of the arti
Page 121 and 122: Fig. 7.7 - Dam overtopping protecti
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Page 125 and 126: In some cases, the downstream face
Page 127 and 128: Tube-a-manchettes injection system
Page 129 and 130: 7.3.5 Slope Protection Measures 7.3
Page 131 and 132: Pipe Rehabilitation SLIPLINING MODI
Page 133 and 134: Conditions Pros Cons Comments types
Page 135 and 136: Embankment dams that have properly
Page 137 and 138: and minimize erosion. Design of sui
Page 139 and 140: [20] SMEC- “Draft Guidelines for
Page 141 and 142: present visual information. It must
Page 143 and 144: Fig. 8.1 - Three small dams in casc
Page 145 and 146: Social Disruption low (rural area)
Page 147: Fig. 8.4 - Flood water level after
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SMALL DAMS PETITS BARRAGES

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