20.06.2013 Views

Download publication - The International Potash Institute

Download publication - The International Potash Institute

Download publication - The International Potash Institute

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

EFFECT OF POTASSIUM ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF LEMMON<br />

FRUITS<br />

Potassium has no incidence on grow and yield of citrus in a wide range of foliar<br />

content. Severe deficiences of potassium can produce early fruit drop and so important<br />

lost productivity. Increased dosis of potassiun, correlated with nitrogen can rise yields.<br />

Deficience or excess of potassium can affect fruit quality. Fisiological abnomalities, frost<br />

damage, water stress and postharvest diseases are increased bypotassiunm deficience.<br />

Field symptoms of defficience or excess of potassium, are not clear. This paper shows<br />

preliminary results of an experience that compare nitrogen dosis (60, 90 y 120 gr1year)<br />

and potassium (0, 105, 135 y 160 gr K201year), in young lemon plants. Nutrients are<br />

aplied by fertigation. <strong>The</strong> assay is located in Famaillc, Tucumjn. Soil content 0,85% of K<br />

Experimental design is in randomized blocks with 12 treatments, 4 replications and 8<br />

planta per plot. Results of two years show statistical differences on weight and number of<br />

fruits between extreme dosis o nitogen. Productivity shows increassing tendence with<br />

potassium dosis, but not statistical differences. Diferences in fruits quality where no found<br />

in two harvest. In 2001 harvest there is a increase tendence of juce, total solid solubles<br />

and Vitamin C content, with potassium dosis.<br />

Introducci6n<br />

Produccidn mundial de citricos<br />

Se denominan cftricos a las especies de los g6neros Citrus, Fortunella y Poncirus. Se<br />

cultivan para la obtenci6n de frutos que se destinan al consumo fresco o la industria, q9e<br />

extrae jugos, aceites esenciales, aromas y pectinas, utilizados en la fabricaci6n de alimentos,<br />

firmacos y perfumes.<br />

Segtin FAO, en 1999, existfan 7,3 millones de ha con cfitricos en cl mundo. El 52%<br />

de naranjos, 23% de mandarinos, 11% de limoneros y limeros, 5% con pomelos y el resto<br />

con otros citricos.<br />

La producci6n mundial de cftricos en el aflo 2000 super6 las 98,3 millones de t, de<br />

las que 63 % fueron naranjas, 18 % mandarinas, 10 % limones y limas y 5 % pomelos.<br />

El resto corresponde a otros citricos. Brasil y EEUU, concentran mis del 30% de la producci6n.<br />

Los citricos estin dispersos en los cinco continentes, concentrados entre los 20 ° y los<br />

43 ° de latitud norte (China, Estados Unidos, Mediterrineo, Jap6n) y entre 200 y los 400 de<br />

latitud sur (Brasil, Argentina, Sudiftica y Australia). En latitudes mayores las bajas temperaturas<br />

limitan el cultivo. Por debajo de los 200 el l(mite lo imponen las precipitaciones d6biles<br />

y las temperaturas elevadas (22).<br />

Sesi6n III. Potasio en cultivos intensivos<br />

156

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!