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Número 1 - EII al día

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Revisiones<br />

mediante serología en el momento del diagnóstico<br />

de la <strong>EII</strong> y proceder a su tratamiento antes de iniciar<br />

los inmunosupresores.<br />

Por último, dada la mayor prev<strong>al</strong>encia de marcadores<br />

de los virus de la hepatitis B y C en los pacientes con <strong>EII</strong><br />

y que la infección por virus de la hepatitis A en pacientes<br />

portadores de infección por VHB y/o VHC resulta en<br />

una mayor morbimort<strong>al</strong>idad, cabría también v<strong>al</strong>orar la<br />

idoneidad de vacunar a todo paciente con <strong>EII</strong> y serología<br />

IgG-VHA negativa, t<strong>al</strong> como ya se ha propuesto en<br />

<strong>al</strong>gunos países (5) .<br />

Virus Epstein-Barr<br />

El virus Epstein-Barr (VEB) está claramente implicado<br />

en el desarrollo de <strong>al</strong>gunos tipos de linfomas. Su relación<br />

con la <strong>EII</strong> todavía está por determinar, pero en los<br />

últimos años parece haberse establecido un cierto<br />

nexo entre esta infección y el desarrollo de distintos<br />

linfomas en pacientes con <strong>EII</strong> (50-52) . Desde un punto de<br />

vista teórico, el mecanismo patogénico potenci<strong>al</strong> del<br />

VEB vendría a ser similar a del CMV o VHB, es decir, en<br />

sujetos con VEB acantonado (seropositivos), la administración<br />

de fármacos inmunosupresores facilitaría su<br />

replicación y, en este caso, el desarrollo de linfomas.<br />

De hecho, esta hipótesis ya ha sido propuesta (aunque<br />

tímidamente) en relación a los primeros casos descritos<br />

de linfoma en tratados con agentes anti-TNF (53) . Por el<br />

momento, ni disponemos de medidas eficaces para evitarlo<br />

ni parece justificado el cribaje del status VEB de<br />

forma rutinaria.<br />

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13 • Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestin<strong>al</strong> <strong>al</strong> día - Vol. 5 - Nº. 1 - 2006

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