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20 qalaqebSi: kaiseri, konia da kirSehiri da am qalaqebis bajiebis organizaciis saxels atarebda” (alTindali 1994:14). islamis gavrcelebamde “rumis bajebis ordenis” qalebi iyvnen kargi cxenosnebi da mamakacebTan erTad monawileobas iRebdnen omebSi. Turq qalTa es organizacia Cabmuli iyo qveynis socialur cxovrebaSi da misi wevrebi amzadebdnen saomar tansacmelsac. “bajiebis ordenis” wevri qalebi mamakacebTan erTad monawileobas iRebdnen locvebisa da sxva RvTismsaxurebis dros. organizaciaSi misuli stumris gamaspinZleba da maTTvis Ramis TavSesafaris micema bajiebis movaleoba iyo. 1243 wels monRolebma ToqaTi da sivasi daipyres da kaisers moadgnen. qalaqis dasacavad mimdinare 15 dRiani omis dros ahiebTan erTad omSi bajiebic ibrZodnen. omis Semdeg anatolia monRolebma daipyres, ahiebma da bajiebma TavianT sam qalaqSi arsebuli organizaciebi sofelSi gadaitanes. unda aRiniSnos, rom “rumis bajiebis ordenis” damaarsebeli gaxldaT fatma baji, romelic mamakacTa muslimuri amqaris organizaciis damaarseblis ahi evrenis coli iyo. fatma baji 1210 wels daibada. dedamisi tyveTa bazarze nayidi cudi yofaqcevis mona qali yofila. pataraobaSi metad mousvenari fatma, ganaTlebuli qali gaxda da religiuri seqtis meTauradac mogvevlina. fatma bajis mxarSi edga Tavisi da – amine xaTuni, romlebmac erTad didi wvlili Seitanes ordenis saqmianobaSi. “im periodis anatoliaSi aseve arsebobda “beqTaSis qalTa ordeni”, romelic did pativs scemda fatmas pirovnebas” (alTindali 1994:16). 1228 wels fatma baji colad gahyva ahi evrens. 1240 wels misi qmari daiWires, xolo 1243 wels monRolebis mier kaiseris dapyrobis Semdeg datyvevebul mamakacebSi fatma bajic aRmoCnda. 17 wlis patimrobis Semdeg fatma baji gaaTavisufles. patimrobidan gaTavisuflebis Semdeg man Tavis qmarTan erTad erTi weli icxovra, radganac male ahi evreni gardaicvala. fatma bajis mier daarsebuli organizacia faqtobrivad am droisaTvis aRar arsebobda. amasTanave is xvdeboda, rom mudmivi
21 meTvalyureobis qveS iyo da gadawyvita “beqTaSis” organizaciaSi Sesuliyo, sadac is didi pativiT miiRes da misma meTaurma haji beqTaSma mas qonebac misca. haji beqTaSis gardacvalebis Semdeg, fatma bajim mas mavzoleumi augo. fatma baji qirSehirSi dabinavda da iqve gardaicvala. aSik faSazadesa da ibn batutas mixedviT “bajiebis ordeni”, iseve rogorc ahielTa, anu mamakacebis ordeni, monRolebis mier anatoliis dapyrobisTanave daiSala. unda aRiniSnos, rom “bajiebis ordenis” paralelurad Turq- selCukTa saxelmwifoSi arsebobda “faqiregan”-is (“Fakiregan”), “bajiani-sa” (“Baciyan”) da “qalbatoni derviSebis” (“Hanim Dervisler”) ordenebi, magram amaTgan yvelaze mniSvnelovani fatma bajis ordeni iyo” (alTindali 1994: 17). aseTi iyo qalTa gaerTianeba – “bajiebis Oordeni”, romelic realurad warmoadgenda qalTa samxedro gaerTianebas, romlis wevri qalebic TiTqmis ar ganirCeodnen mamakacebisagan, aramed isini mamakacebTan erTad monawileobas iRebdnen samxedro operaciebSi, mamakacebTan erTad dadiodnen meCeTebSi, eweodnen saqvelmoqmedo saqmianobas. fatma bajis mier anatoliaSi daarsebuli “bajiebis ordenis” xsovna adamianTa mogonebebSi didxans SemorCa. amgvarad, Cven davinaxeT, rom XIII-XIV ss-Si anatoliaSi Turqi qali, islamis gavrcelebis miuxedavad, kidev inarCunebda Tavisuflebas. amis mTavar ganmapirobebel mizezs warmoadgenda is faqti, rom anatoliaSi jer kidev ar iyo mospobili qristianuli tradiciebi da amasTanave islamsac jer myarad ar hqonda gadgmuli fesvebi. afliakis mixedviT (XIVs.) mdidari qalebi ikribebodnen koniaSi didmoxele eminedin miqailis meuRlesTan. arabi istorikosis ibn-batutas mixedviTac XIV s-Si osmaleTSi ganagrZobda arsebobas Zveli tradiciebi. “ibn-batutam izniqSi aRmoaCina qali, romelic qalaqs marTavda qmris saxeliT. misi qmari ki iyo sultani orxani (1326-1359) ” (gordlevski 1962:70). es qali iyo – nilufer xaTuni, warmoSobiT berZeni lordis Svili, romelic 1299 wels osman beim moitaca da colad SerTo Tavis 12 wlis vaJs orhan beis. orhan bei Tavis cols yvelaferSi endoboda da
Page 1 and 2: avtoris stili daculia iv. javaxiSvi
Page 3 and 4: 3 S e s a v a l i qalTa statusis ga
Page 5 and 6: 5 mniSvnelovani wyaroa agreTve ucxo
Page 7 and 8: 7 qalTa subordinacia Zvel axlo aRmo
Page 9 and 10: 9 “bizantiis imperiis dros qalebi
Page 11 and 12: 11 iafets (iafesi), wilad xvda aRmo
Page 13 and 14: 13 Semdegi mniSvnelovani aRiareba i
Page 15 and 16: 15 winaswarmetyveli agreTve ambobs:
Page 17 and 18: 17 epoqaSi qali ganixileboda, rogor
Page 19: 19 aarsebda meCeTebsa da sxva relig
Page 23 and 24: 23 islamis gavrcelebis Semdeg osmal
Page 25 and 26: 25 selim I -is kanonTa wignis Sedge
Page 27 and 28: 27 damokidebuli iyo qalis socialur
Page 29 and 30: 29 mamakacis adgilas da sifahimac a
Page 31 and 32: 31 faqtobrivad iyo pasuxi misi kole
Page 33 and 34: 33 XVIII saukunis saxelovani poeti
Page 35 and 36: 35 3. haremi da misi ierarqia osmal
Page 37 and 38: 37 wlis Cerqezi gogona, 15-16 wlis
Page 39 and 40: 39 meqrTameobis kera. haramxana mde
Page 41 and 42: 41 radganac sultanTan pirispir Sexv
Page 43 and 44: 43 MmTavari “Hasseki Sultan”-i
Page 45 and 46: 45 haremis metad korumpirebul fenas
Page 47 and 48: 47 naTesavebi da axvedrebdnen 200-m
Page 49 and 50: 49 igive faqtze aris yuradReba gama
Page 51 and 52: 51 4. valide sultani. qalTa mmarTve
Page 53 and 54: 53 didi avtoritetiT sargeblobda. dr
Page 55 and 56: 8. handani (1603-1603) mehmed III-i
Page 57 and 58: 57 aseve imeorebs Zvel da popularul
Page 59 and 60: 59 gsurT daipyroT Cveni qveyana, ma
Page 61 and 62: 61 Soris imperator ioane V paleolog
Page 63 and 64: 63 mas Wkvian qalad miiCnevda. aqed
Page 65 and 66: 65 ebraelis, saxelad “kiarezas”
Page 67 and 68: 67 miliardi asperi inaxeboda (hamer
Page 69 and 70: 69 sultans adanaSaulebdnen didZali
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71 “regentobis xanis” aRsaniSna
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73 gamyarda, radganac man SeZlo swr
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75 aeyvanaT da sazeimo ceremonia me
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77 balansi didad iyo damokidebuli s
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79 Tvlida Tavis TiToeul nabijs, rog
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81 sultans acnoba, ris Sedegadac mo
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83 axali sultani gaxda ibrahimis 7
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85 mniSvnelovani gavlenis qveS. l.
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87 mamakaci iyo. ceremonia iyo simb
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89 vercxlisa da oqros foTlebiT morT
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91 6. qalis statusi osmaluri saojax
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93 memkvidreobiT gadacema. “mahri
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95 7. qali da qvelmoqmedeba osmaleT
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97 Camomavali qalebi iyvnen didmasS
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99 kargi cxeni. is saukeTeso, morwm
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101 Sadrevnebi” (zarinebafi 2002:
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103 colis yola sxva mizeziTac iyo g
Page 105 and 106:
105 mesakuTris qonebidan. berklis m
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107 da gaTxovebis Semdegac mas Sors
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109 yofila qoseleris fermis da saxl
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111 Cven vigebT, rom haje hanimi xe
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113 umaRlesi titulis - hajis mflobe
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115 maRaziebic, romlis xSiri stumre
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117 sultan Mmustafa II-is (1695-170
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119 faravda da mxolod Tvalebi uCand
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121 sasamarTlos Canawerebidan vgebu
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123 sainteresoa XVIII s-is kaiseris
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125 skolebSi. 1880-iani wlebidan sk
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127 gogonebi ukve CarSafiT dadiodne
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Tavi III 129 1. qali TurqeTis respu
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131 mdgomareobis gaumjobeseba sazog
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133 qemalistebis mxridan Zveli trad
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135 2002:567). saintereso iqneba Tu
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137 Tanaxmad TurqeTSi Cadris mtareb
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139 qsovilis an pirsaxocis naWers,
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141 mravalcolianobis SemTxvevebi. a
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143 ibeWdeboda dasavlel mweralTa sx
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145 tradiciulma religiurma feminist
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147 adgilobrivma qalma. zeims Tan a
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149 “Kadinca”, romelic dResac g
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151 cxovrebaSi yvelasaTvis gza xsni
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j a n m r T e l o b a 1926w. aborti
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p o l i t i k a 155 1923w. qalTa uf
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157 1995w. TurqeTma monawileoba mii
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159 winaislamur epoqaSi qali ganixi
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161 valide sultani mogvevlina, rogo
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163 tansacmlis evropuli kabiT Canac
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165 TurqeTSi qalTa aqtiurobis done
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Tursun bei 1997 ibn batuta 1963 ibn
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sadr ad-dini 1980 selaniqi 19892 16
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yurani 2006 Celebi 1991 Celebi 1938
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aqilmazi 2002a aqilmazi 2002b ahmad
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gelovani 2005 gelovani 2003 gelovan
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valCi 1970 van osi 2002 vildani 199
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kinrosi 1997 kinrosi 2002 krutie 19
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ozTuna 1986 ozTurqi 1988 ozoni 1997
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svaniZe 2002 svaniZe 2005 silagaZe
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qalis ... 1999 qaflani 2002 qirqi 2
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halili 1974 houvi 2000 187 joSari f
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valide sultnebi 2009 varnqlifi 1861
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panaiotova 2008 rahmani 2002 renda
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qalis Casacmeli qesqini 2009 qosem
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UNDP 2006 195 haremi da osmalo qale
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