Fondamenti della lingua inglese Laura Cignoni - Paleopatologia

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PRONOMI PERSONALI SOGGETTO
Personal pronouns
I pronomi personali soggetto indicano chi compie un’azione e si mettono davanti al verbo. Il
soggetto in inglese è sempre espresso, fatta eccezione per il modo imperativo. La prima persona
singolare si scrive con la lettera maiuscola.
I, io (sempre maiuscolo)
you, ‘tu’
he, ‘egli’
she, ella
it, ‘esso, essa’ (oggetti, animali, nomi astratti)
we, ‘noi’
you, ‘voi’
they, ‘essi’
We saw “Chicago” when we were in New York five years ago.
Cremation causes some deformation and cracking in particular that make the bones extremely
fragile. They must be handled with care. (The Archaeology of the Dead, 146).
We must therefore be able to take advantage of all the opportunities where it is possible to observe
anomalies and peculiarities in the arrangement of bones (The Archaeology of the Dead, 154).
Il pronome neutro it si usa per cose e per animali.
It’s my cat, it always wants some milk at this time of day.
It’s cold, it’s dark, it’s a desk, it’s 5 o’ clock, it’s Thursday.
The body generally eliminates quite quickly a hard element if it is embedded in necrotic tissue (in
pathology this phenomenon is called a sequestrum). (The Archaeology of the Dead, 84).
In presenza di verbi ausiliari be, have, will, would, can, could, may, si inverte la posizione del
soggetto con quella del verbo ausiliare.
Will you be in on Friday evening?
Has she decided whether she is going to keep
Con le espressioni never, nowhere, not for one minute, not since, not until, never again, rarely si
verifica il fenomeno dell’inversione, cioè il verbo e il soggetto si comportano come nelle forme
interrogative.
Only in two cases can the body maintain its thoracic volume: if soil little by little replaces the flesh
as it rots (this seldom happens, as will be described below) or if it has been buried in a pit with a
narrow central grave in so-called gutter form, with the two sides raised on which the upper limbs
rest. (The Archaeology of the Dead, 17).