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La regolazione economica dei servizi idrici - Iefe - Università Bocconi

La regolazione economica dei servizi idrici - Iefe - Università Bocconi

La regolazione economica dei servizi idrici - Iefe - Università Bocconi

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<strong>Iefe</strong>, Università <strong>Bocconi</strong> – <strong>La</strong> <strong>regolazione</strong> <strong>economica</strong> <strong>dei</strong> <strong>servizi</strong> <strong>idrici</strong>responsabilità, tradizionalmente attribuita agli enti locali, di fornire il <strong>servizi</strong>o idrico. Il <strong>servizi</strong>o si èsviluppato in modo differente nelle aree urbane – e in particolare nell’area di Lisbona, dove il gestore,EPAL, è un ente pubblico statale – e in quelle rurali. Complessivamente, il settore è stato estremamenteframmentato.Il sistema <strong>dei</strong> <strong>servizi</strong> <strong>idrici</strong> è stato riformato nel 1993, seguendo una strategia che in parte ha <strong>dei</strong> tratti disomiglianza con il caso italiano. Alla base della riforma, infatti, sta la strategia tesa a riorganizzare il <strong>servizi</strong>oper ambiti territoriali sovra comunali, superando la frammentazione gestionale, e con l’ambizione diraggiungere una dotazione di <strong>servizi</strong> più omogenea e insieme favorire la modernizzazione del sistema digestione e il suo grado di autosufficienza <strong>economica</strong>.Tabella 10 – Forme di gestione <strong>dei</strong> <strong>servizi</strong> <strong>idrici</strong> in PortogalloManagement Models Management Entity PartnershipsDirect ManagementDelegationConcessionMunicipal services (not specialised, noseparate budget, totally public)Municipalised services of water andsanitation (specialised, separate budget,totally public)Association of municipalities (totally public)Public Enterprise (only EPAL in Lisbon, totallypublic, direct delegation by the State)Public Municipal Enterprise (totally public,direct delegation by municipality)Public Inter‐Municipal Enterprise (totallypublic, direct delegation by municipality)Municipal or inter‐municipal Enterprise withpublic capitals (possible since 1998, (totallypublic, direct delegation by municipalities)Municipal or inter‐municipal Enterprise withmajority of public capitals (possible since1998, direct delegation by municipalities)Multi‐municipal concessionaire companies(possible since 1993, direct award of theconcession by decree, normally bulk systems,can be owned up to a maximum of 49% byprivate entities)Concessionaire companies (possible since1993, competitive bid, normally retailsystems, can be a public or private company)No partnership or Public‐PublicPartnerships in Inter‐municipalServicesNo partnership or Public‐PublicPartnerships in Inter‐municipalServicesPublic‐Public PartnershipsNo partnershipNo partnershipPublic‐Public Partnerships(several municipalities)Public‐Public Partnerships(municipalities and other publicentities)Public‐Private Partnerships(municipalities, other publicentities, private entities)Public‐Public Partnerships (Stateand municipalities); possible toevolve into Public‐PrivatePartnerships (State,municipalities, and privateentities)Public‐Private Partnerships(municipality and private entity)39

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