15.12.2012 Views

ITavi - Ganatleba

ITavi - Ganatleba

ITavi - Ganatleba

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

I V Tavi<br />

mogzauroba<br />

afrika<br />

218<br />

keTili imedis<br />

koncxi<br />

1640 wels holandieli mogzaurebisTvis ukve cnobili iyo avstraliis sanapiroebi.<br />

1642-1644 wlebSi eqspediciam abel tasmanis xelmZRvanelobiT k. tasmania,<br />

Semdeg ki axali zelandia aRmoaCina.<br />

XVIII saukuneSi samxreTis zRvebis SeswavliT aqtiurad dainteresdnen ingliselebi.<br />

1770 wels jeims kuki ekipaJis wevrebTan erTad avstraliis sanapiroze<br />

gadavida da igi didi britaneTis samflobelod gamoacxada. manve gamoikvlia avstraliis<br />

aRmosavleT sanapiro da didi barieruli rifi aRmoaCina.<br />

malindi<br />

k. madagaskari<br />

batavia<br />

(jakarta)<br />

k. borneo<br />

k. iava<br />

k. papua<br />

axali gvinea<br />

axali holandia<br />

(avstralia)<br />

k. tasmania<br />

axali zelandia<br />

a. tasmanis mogzaurobamde aRmoCenili kunZulebi<br />

portugalieli mogzaurebi XVI-XVII s<br />

holandieli mogzaurebi XVI-XVII s<br />

a. tasmanis I mogzauroba 1642-1643 w<br />

a. tasmanis II mogzauroba1644 w<br />

nax. 4.4.6 holandielebma<br />

avstralia geografiulad<br />

aRmoaCines, xolo<br />

ingliselma jeims kukma<br />

kontinentis evropul<br />

kolonizacias daudo<br />

safuZveli.<br />

9. nax. 4.4.6-is mixedviT daadgine:<br />

a) sad gadioda portugalieli da holandieli zRvaosnebis gzebi?<br />

b) ra mimarTulebiT miemarTebodnen holandiuri eqspediciebi axali miwebis<br />

saZebnelad?<br />

g) romeli kunZulebi aRmoaCines holandielebma?<br />

d) Seadare rukaze aRniSnuli geografiuli saxelebi Tanamedroves.<br />

10. XVII-XVIII saukuneebSi avstralias axal holandias uwodebdnen. rogor fiqrob,<br />

ratom?<br />

11. amoirCie romelime mogzauri, rukis mixedviT aRwere misi mogzaurobis<br />

marSruti da Seavse cxrili:<br />

mogzauri mizezi mogzaurobis marSruti Sedegi<br />

12. gamoTqvi Seni mosazreba didi geografiuli aRmoCenebis mniSvnelobis Sesaxeb.<br />

Seni azriT, rogori iqneboda dRevandeloba am aRmoCenebis gareSe?<br />

13. moiZie damatebiTi informacia romelime mogzauris Sesaxeb da gaacani igi<br />

Tanaklaselebs.<br />

14. aRniSne konturul rukaze kolumbis, magelanis, diasisa da vasko da gamas<br />

mogzaurobis marSrutebi.<br />

davaleba<br />

f<br />

4. 5. mogzauroba dRes<br />

turizmi mogzaurobisa da dasvenebis erT-erTi ZiriTadi formaa. Tanamedrove<br />

gagebiT, turizmi sxvadasxva satransporto saSualebiT an fexiT mogzaurobaa,<br />

romlis mizania dasveneba, sporti, janmrTelobis aRdgena da mkurnaloba, Semecneba<br />

da sxv. mogzaurTa da turistTa ricxvi msoflioSi yovelwliurad izrdeba.<br />

wya ro 1<br />

dRemde sayovelTaod ar aris<br />

dadgenili, vin SeiZleba CaiTvalos<br />

turistad. maTi aRricxvis<br />

universaluri satatistikuri<br />

meTodic ar arsebobs. Tumca,<br />

gaeros 1963 wlis ganmartebiT, cneba<br />

„turisti“ niSnavs pirs, romelic<br />

droebiT – 24 sT-dan 6 Tvemde<br />

icvlis Tavis mudmiv sacxovrebel<br />

adgils da romlis mizania garToba,<br />

Semecneba da sxv. magram araviTar<br />

SemTxvevaSi SromiT anazRaurebasTan<br />

dakavSirebuli saqmianoba.<br />

turizmi momsaxurebis sferos yvelaze wamyvani da momgebiani dargia. amJamad<br />

TiTqmis yvela adamiani met-naklebad Cabmulia turistul saqmianobaSi. isini<br />

muSaoben sastumroebSi, kvebisa da savaWro obieqtebSi da a.S. xSirad turistebs<br />

turistuli firmebi emsaxureba.<br />

XX saukunis 70-iani wlebidan metad swrafad ganviTarda saerTaSoriso turizmi,<br />

rasac xeli Seuwyo mSvidobam, sxvadasxva qveynis ekonomikurma aRmavlobam da<br />

mosaxleobis keTildReobis donis zrdam, mecnierul-teqnikurma revoluciam da<br />

sxva fatorebma.<br />

nax. 4.5.2 msoflios<br />

qveynebi turistTa<br />

raodenobis mixedviT<br />

sankt-peterburgi<br />

!<br />

moskovi<br />

londoni<br />

!<br />

berlini<br />

!<br />

!<br />

! parizi<br />

Cikago<br />

!<br />

los-anjelesi<br />

!<br />

mexiko<br />

!<br />

! niu-iorki<br />

filadelfia<br />

stamboli<br />

pekini (beijingi)<br />

!<br />

!<br />

Teirani<br />

!<br />

!<br />

!<br />

tokio<br />

kairo<br />

Sanxai osaka<br />

!<br />

deli<br />

!<br />

!<br />

taibei<br />

! karaCi kalkuta hon-kongi !<br />

mumbai !<br />

!<br />

!<br />

bangkoki manila<br />

!<br />

!<br />

san-paulo<br />

! ! rio-de-Janeiro<br />

buenos-airesi<br />

!<br />

nax. 4.5.1 mosaxleobis im SeZlebuli fenebis<br />

warmomadgenlebs, vinc cnobismoyvareobis gamo<br />

ucxo qveyanaSi mogzaurobda, XVII s-is bolos<br />

turistebs uwodebdnen. turists espaneTis<br />

qalaq oveidoSi Zeglic ki daudges.<br />

qveyanaSi turistebis raodenoba<br />

70 mln.<br />

35-50 mln.<br />

25-30 mln.<br />

15-20 mln.<br />

10-15. mln.<br />

5-10 mln.<br />

msoflio turistuli organizaciebis monacemebiT, 2009 wels mTel msoflioSi 880<br />

mln turisti mogzaurobda, xolo turizmidan miRebulma Semosavalma 946 mlrd<br />

dolari Seadgina.<br />

3-5 mln.<br />

< 3 mln.<br />

jakarta<br />

!<br />

es<br />

sainteresoa<br />

219

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!