ITavi - Ganatleba
ITavi - Ganatleba
ITavi - Ganatleba
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Tavi<br />
48<br />
msoflios regionebi I<br />
es<br />
sainteresoa<br />
samxreT amerikas msoflioSi pirveli adgili ukavia tyeebis farTobisa da mcenareTa<br />
saxeobebis simravliT.<br />
kontinentze ekvatoruli tyeebis zonas amazonis dablobis Sua da dasavleTi<br />
nawili ukavia. maT aq „selvas“ uwodeben. am tyeebSi 4000-mde saxeobis marto xemcenare<br />
xarobs. tyeebSi mcenareebi iarusebad izrdeba da erTmaneTSi lianebiTaa<br />
gadaxlarTuli. tropikuli tyeebi aseve frinvelTa da mwerebis mravalferovnebiT<br />
gamoirCeva.<br />
savanas samxreT amerikelebi „kamposs“ uwodeben. CrdiloeT naxevarsferos<br />
savanebSi balaxebs Soris palma da akacia izrdeba, samxreT naxevarsfero ki xemcenareebiT<br />
Raribia.<br />
savanebis samxreTiT stepebis zonaa, romelsac pampa hqvia. kontinentis samxreT-<br />
Si, patagoniaSi naxevarudabnoebis zonaa. aq unayofo niadagebia da, Sesabamisad,<br />
mcenareulobac mwiria. andebSi kargadaa gamoxatuli simaRlebrivi sartyluroba.<br />
notio<br />
ekvatoruli tye<br />
1000 m<br />
udabno<br />
naxevarudabno<br />
2000 m<br />
4000 m<br />
10. nax. 1.6.6-is mixedviT:<br />
5000 m<br />
mSrali<br />
plato<br />
tropikuli mTis<br />
tye<br />
1000 m<br />
notio<br />
ekvatoruli tye<br />
5000 m<br />
mTis tye<br />
notio<br />
ekvatoruli tye<br />
nax. 1.6.6<br />
simaRlebrivi<br />
sartyluroba<br />
andebSi<br />
a) aRwere ekvatoruli andebi da gansazRvre, rogor icvleba simaR lebrivi<br />
sar t ylebi mis aRmosavleT da dasavleT kalTebze;<br />
b) ax seni, am gans xvavebis mizezebi;<br />
g) aRwere centraluri andebi da daadgine, rog or icvleba aq simaR lebrivi<br />
sartylebi.<br />
davaleba<br />
samxreT amerikaSi mravladaa iseTi mcenareebi, romlebic sxvagan arsada xarobs.<br />
magaliTad: kauCukis xe – hevea, qinaqinis xe, nesvis xe da sxv.<br />
samxreT amerika mravali kulturuli mcenaris samSobloa. maT Soris pamidvris,<br />
kartofilis, Tambaqosi, simindis, wiwakis da sxv.<br />
f<br />
kontinentze adamianis sameurneo saqmianobis Sedegad yvelaze metad saxe-<br />
Secvlili da aTvisebuli stepebisa da savanebis zonaa. bolo periodSi aseve safr-<br />
Txe daemuqra amazonis tyeebs. 5000 km-ianma transamazonis saavtomobilo gzam<br />
selva gadakveTa da tyis didi masivebi Seiwira. amJamad kontinentze swrafi tempiT<br />
iqmneba daculi teritoriebi.<br />
nax. 1.6.7 kolibri yvelaze patara<br />
frinvelia dedamiwaze. samxreT amerikaSi<br />
kolibris 500-mde saxeoba binadrobs.<br />
nax. 1.6.9 galapagosis kunZulebis<br />
binadarTa Soris aRsaniSnavia<br />
galapagosis giganturi ku, 1,5 m sigrZis<br />
xvliki iguana da selapi. swored maT<br />
gamo kunZulebze vrceli parki Seiqmna.<br />
nax. 1.6.8 anakonda msoflioSi<br />
yvelaze didi gvelia da mTel<br />
tropikul samxreT amerikaSi did<br />
mdinareebsa da WaobebSi binadrobs.<br />
zrdasruli ana kon das saSualo<br />
zoma 5-6 m-ia. yvelaze grZeli<br />
anakonda, romelic aRm. kolum biaSi<br />
daiWires, 11 m-sa da 43 sm-s aRwevda.<br />
samxreT amerikaSi Semdegi fizikur-geografiuli regionebi gamoiyofa: amazoneTi,<br />
braziliis mTianeTi, pampa, gvineis mTianeTi, patagonia da andebi.<br />
samxreT amerikis mkvidr mosaxleobas indielebi Seadgenen. evropelTa gamoCenamde<br />
isini araTanabrad iyvnen gansaxlebulni. kontinentis kolonizaciis Sedegad<br />
ki adgilobrivi mosaxleoba Zlier Semcirda.<br />
mosaxleoba ZiriTadad kontinentis sanapiro raionebSia Tavmyrili. qalaqebSi<br />
mosaxleobis 80% cxovrobs.<br />
samxreT amerikis Tanamedrove politikuri ruka XIX saukuneSi Camoyalibda.<br />
dRes kontinentze 12 damoukidebeli saxelmwifoa.<br />
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