ITavi - Ganatleba
ITavi - Ganatleba
ITavi - Ganatleba
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VTavi<br />
transporti da vaWroba<br />
226<br />
5. 1. transporti<br />
Zvelad raime sagnebis an produqtis transportireba neli procesi iyo, radgan<br />
mas ZiriTadad, cxovelebi da adamianebi gadazidavdnen.<br />
nax. 5.1.1 4000 wlis win adamianma<br />
cxeni moiSinaura, romelic<br />
qveiTze aTjer ufro swrafad<br />
moZraobs. msoflios zog<br />
qveyanaSi tvirTis gadasazidad<br />
da mgzavrTa gadasayvanad<br />
cxovelebi jer kidev gamoiyeneba.<br />
gadaadgilebis<br />
saSualebebi:<br />
avtomobili, gemi,<br />
TviTmfrinavi,<br />
matarebeli da sxv.<br />
mimosvlis gzebi:<br />
avtobani,<br />
rkinigza, xidi,<br />
gvirabi da sxv.<br />
nax. 5.1.2 pirveli borbali,<br />
savaraudod, Sumerebma<br />
5000 wlis win gamoigones.<br />
maT xisborbliani urmebiT<br />
marcvleuli sxva soflebSi<br />
mihqondaT gasayidad.<br />
damatebiTi<br />
mowyobilobebi:<br />
aeroporti,<br />
avtosadguri,<br />
rkinigzis sadguri,<br />
navsadguri da sxv.<br />
nax. 5.1.3 etli pirveli<br />
sazogadoebrivi<br />
transporti iyo, romelic<br />
yovel 20 kilometrSi unda<br />
SeCerebuliyo fundukSi<br />
cxenebis Sesacvlelad.<br />
Tanamedrove civilizacia warmoudgenelia transportis gareSe. marTalia,<br />
transporti Tavad arafers ar awarmoebs, magram mis gareSe ar iarsebebs aranairi<br />
warmoeba, qalaqebi, soflebi, fabrika-qarxnebi, fermebi da saxelmwifoc ki.<br />
nax. 5.1.4 satransporto kompleqsis Semadgeneli nawilebi<br />
satransporto<br />
kompleqsi<br />
momsaxure<br />
personali:<br />
mZRoli, mfrinavi,<br />
memanqane,<br />
dispeCeri da sxv.<br />
davaleba<br />
1. CamoTvale SenTvis cnobili transportis saxeebi, daajgufe isini „Zvel“ da<br />
„axal“ satransporto saSualebebad da ganalage maTi warmoSobis mixedviT drois<br />
xazze.<br />
f<br />
nax. 5.1.5 transportis saxeebi<br />
sarkinigzo<br />
saxmeleTo<br />
transporti<br />
saavtomobilo<br />
transportis saxeebi<br />
wylis<br />
transporti<br />
samdinaro sazRvao<br />
sahaero<br />
transporti<br />
milsadeni<br />
transporti<br />
metad rTuli da Taviseburia Tanamedrove transportis geografia. evropaSi,<br />
CrdiloeT amerikasa da aziis aRmosavleTSi mTeli rigi regionebi mimosvlis gzebiT,<br />
SeiZleba iTqvas, ablabudas qseliviT aris daserili. Tumca, dedamiwaze aris<br />
adgilebi – ZiriTadad, polarul da mTian mxareebSi – sadac TiTqmis warmoudgenelia<br />
Tanamedrove transportis gamoyeneba. yvela saxis transportma ori mTavari<br />
moTxovna unda daakmayofilos: man unda SeZlos garkveuli moculobis tvirTis<br />
gadazidva (gansazRvruli woniT, Tu adamianTa raodenobiT) da dafaros saWiro<br />
manZili.<br />
transportis muSaobis Sesafasebeli ZiriTadi maCvenebelia gadaziduli tvir-<br />
Tebis sidide da gadayvanili mgzavrebis raodenoba, romelTa manZilze gadamravlebiT<br />
tvirTbrunvas (izomeba t/km) da mgzavrTbrunvas (mgzavri/km) miviRebT.<br />
2. transports xSirad saxelmwifos „sisxlis mimoqcevis sistemas“ uwodeben. axseni,<br />
rogor gesmis es gamoTqma.<br />
3. Seni azriT, ra kavSiria qveynis ekonomikuri ganviTarebis donesa da mis<br />
satransporto sistemas Soris? moiyvane am kavSiris gamovlenis magaliTebi.<br />
4. ra roli akisria transports qveynis sameurneo sistemaSi?<br />
davaleba<br />
5. rogor fiqrob, mTian regionebSi transportis romeli saxeobis ganviTarebas<br />
eniWeba upiratesoba da ratom?<br />
6. transportis ganviTarebaze mravali faqtori moqmedebs. maT Soris qveynisa da<br />
mosaxleobis socialur-ekonomikuri mdgomareoba, kulturuli, rekreaciuli da<br />
demografiuli aqtivoba, politikuri situacia da sxv. Seni azriT, transportis<br />
ganviTarebaze ra konkretul gavlenas axdens CamoTvlili faqtorebi?<br />
amazoneTis junglebSi, afrikasa da zondis kunZulebze dResac cxovroben<br />
tomebi, romelTac dRemde ar ician, ra aris transporti.<br />
es<br />
sainteresoa<br />
227
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