26.11.2012 Views

Clujul Medical 4 - Clujul Medical - Iuliu Haţieganu

Clujul Medical 4 - Clujul Medical - Iuliu Haţieganu

Clujul Medical 4 - Clujul Medical - Iuliu Haţieganu

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

<strong>Clujul</strong> <strong>Medical</strong> 2008 vol. LXXXI – nr.4 432<br />

8. J ISCOVICH, R CASTELLETTO, J ESTEVE, N MUNOZ - Tobacco smoking, occupational<br />

exposure and bladder cancer in Argentina, International Journal of Cancer, 40 (6), 734-740, dec 15,<br />

1987;<br />

9. TM MACK, MC YU, R HANISCH - Pancreas cancer and smoking beverage consumption and past<br />

medical history, Journal of the National Cancer Institute 76(1), 49-60, 1986;<br />

10. JM CARSTENSEN, G PERSHAGEN, G EKLAND: Mortality in relation to cigarette and pipe<br />

smoking: 16 years observation of 25000 Swedish men, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health<br />

41 : 166-172, 1987;<br />

11. J CUZICK, AG BABIKER - Pancreatic cancer, alcohol, diabetes mellitus and gall-bladder disease,<br />

International Journal of Cancer 43(3), 415-421, 1989;<br />

12. WYNDER EL, R GOLDSMITH - The epidemiology of bladder cancer. A second look, Cancer 40<br />

(3), 1246-1268, 1977;<br />

13. IM SASSON, MJ HALEY, D HOFFMANN, EL WYNDER, D HELLBERG - Cigarette smoking<br />

and neoplasia of the uterine cervix: smoke constituents in cervical mucus, NEJM 312 (5), 315-316, Jan<br />

31, 1985;<br />

14. R GOLDBERG, M SZKLO, V CHANDRA - The effect of cigarette smoking on the long-term<br />

prognosis of myocardial infarction, American Journal of Epidemiology, 114(3):431, 1981;<br />

15. KM GALAN, U DELIGONUL, MJ KERN - Increased frequency of restenosis in patients continuing<br />

to smoke cigarettes after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, American Lournal of<br />

Cardiology, 61:260-263, 1988;<br />

16. R SHINTON, G BEEVERS - Meta-analysis of relation between cigarette smoking and stroke, BMJ<br />

29, 789-794, 1989;<br />

17. A SOMESAN, GH DANCAU - Fumatul-implicatii etiopatogenetice in bolile respiratorii cornice şi<br />

ulcerul gastro-duodenal, Med Moderna, vol 14, nr8, aug 2006,<br />

18. BWM WILLEMSE, DS POSTMA, W TIMENS, NH HACKEN - The impact of smoking cessation<br />

on respiratory symptoms, lung function, aitway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation, Eur Resp J,<br />

23:464-476, 2004;<br />

19. RE KANNER, JE CONNETT, DE WILLIAMS, AS BUIST - Effects of randomized assignment to a<br />

smoking cessation intervention and changes in smoking habits on respiratory symptoms in smokers with<br />

early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the Lung Health Study. Am J Med 1999;106:410–416;<br />

20. C FLETCHER, R PETO. The natural history of chronic airflow obstruction. BMJ 1977;1:1645–1648;<br />

21. TK LIM, RG TAYLOR, A WATSON, JOYCE PRIDE NB. Changes in bronchial responsiveness to<br />

inhaled histamine over four years in middle aged male smokers and ex-smokers. Thorax 1988;43:599–<br />

604<br />

22. CM SKOLD, J HED, A EKLUND. Smoking cessation rapidly reduces cell recovery in<br />

bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, while alveolar macrophage fluorescence remains high. Chest<br />

1992;101:989–995<br />

The benefits of stoping tobacco epidemic<br />

DOINA ADINA TODEA, NICOLETA ARIEŞANU, LOREDANA ELENA ROŞCA,<br />

ANDREEA CRISTINA HERESCU<br />

Summary<br />

Now tobacco smoking is considered to be an devastating epidemic and fighthing against tobacco<br />

smoking is a main objective of World Health Organization (WHO). By 2030 there will be more than 8<br />

million deaths every year and one billion estimated deaths during the 21st century because of tobacco<br />

smoking. Tobacco use is a risk factor for six of the eight leading causes of death. Smoking cessation is<br />

important for the immediately and long term benefits and health problems represents one of the most<br />

important factors that favours smoking cessation.<br />

Key words: smoking, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases.

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!