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and education were also noted as essential. To ensure
sustainable capacity, training has to go beyond the instructional
level on how to use equipment to providing
lasting health and societal benefits through access to
higher education and regional networks of experts. The
Kumasi Centre of Collaborative Research in Tropical
Medicine (KCCR) illustrates such a layered approach. A
joint venture between Germany and Ghana, the KCCR is
committed to establishing a first class research institution
in tropical medicine in Ghana, combining research
with access to Hamburg University postgraduate programmes
and sponsorship for two PhD students. Canada
similarly has assisted with the
establishment of the Biosafety
Association for Central Asia and
Caucasus to promote biosecurity
and biosafety in the region and
provide a forum for sharing best
practices. Formed in 2008, the
newly-created professional association
held its first conference
this year to address biosafety and
biosecurity practices, guidelines, standards, regulations
and challenges in Central Asia. Pre-conference training
workshops were also offered in risk assessment, biosafety
Level III facilities, biological safety cabinets and
laboratory risks.
The Not-So-New Process
This Meeting of Experts (MX) is the second in the past
five years on surveillance, detection, diagnosis and
containment (delegates used the term ‘disease surveillance’
for shorthand). The 2003-2005 intersessional
process similarly included discussion on disease surveil-
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lance with a focus on capacity-enhancing to mitigate
effects of alleged or suspicious outbreaks and strengthening/broadening
institutional efforts for surveillance.
The discussions from the two intersessional meetings
reveal the need to strengthen capability and capacity
in developing countries and to develop internationally
agreed protocols for the rapid sharing of information.
The main difference between the two MXs is the recent
meeting’s attention to those States Parties that need
assistance, identifying their requirements and requests
for enhancing capacity to those that can provide assistance
in identified areas.
Despite the BWC being the first international
treaty to ban an entire category of weapons,
it lacks the institutional and financial support that
accompanies its chemical and nuclear weapons’
treaty siblings.”
Emerging from the unfortunate collapse of decadelong
efforts by States Parties to add a verification
mechanism or ‘Protocol’ to the BWC, at the 5th Review
Conference in 2001, the “New Process” of the intersessional
agenda failed to reconcile lingering anger and
diplomatic tension over US opposition and (eventually
successful) attempt to terminate the Protocol negotiation
process. The first round of intersessionals did not
lead to an agreed action plan for improving national
implementation of the BWC at the 2006 Sixth Review
Conference. While States Parties authorised the creation
of an electronic system for confidence building
measures (CBM) submission to be managed by
the also newly created Implementation Support
Unit (ISU), the 2006 Conference steered
clear of the provocative issues of verifying compliance
and addressing the growing number of
opaque national biodefence programmes. Accordingly,
follow-up in this second round of intersessionals
is critical for substantive outcome
at the Seventh Review Conference to be held
in 2011.
Partnering and Funding
In ‘actioning’ capacity-enhancement and the
information shared at the MX, the upcoming
Meeting of States Parties (MSP) in December
should further prepare the groundwork for the
2011 Conference by proposing the ISU develop
a database of countries and areas where ca-
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