Practical Ship Hydrodynamics

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4.4.1 Overview of computational methods ................................................. 117 4.4.2 Strip method .................................. 121 4.4.3 Rankine singularity methods ......... 4.4.4 Problems for fast and 127 unconventional ships.............................. 4.4.5 Further quantities in regular 130 waves ..................................................... 4.4.6 <strong>Ship</strong> responses in stationary 132 seaway ................................................... 132 4.4.7 Simulation methods....................... 134 4.4.8 Long-term distributions.................. 136 4.5 Slamming ......................................... 138 4.6 Exercises: seakeeping ..................... 146 Discourse: hydrodynamic mass ............. 148 5 <strong>Ship</strong> manoeuvring ........................ 151 5.1 Introduction ...................................... 5.2 Simulation of manoeuvring with 151 known coefficients .................................. 152 5.2.1 Introduction and definitions ........... 152 5.2.2 Force coefficients .......................... 5.2.3 Physical explanation and force 153 estimation ............................................... 158 5.2.4 Influence of heel ............................ 5.2.5 Shallow water and other 163 influences ............................................... 164 5.2.6 Stopping ........................................ 164 5.2.7 Jet thrusters .................................. 165 5.2.8 CFD for ship manoeuvring ............ 166 5.3 Experimental approaches ................ 5.3.1 Manoeuvring tests for full-scale 169 ships in sea trials.................................... 169 5.3.2 Model tests.................................... 175 5.4 Rudders............................................ 177 5.4.1 General remarks and definitions ... 5.4.2 Fundamental hydrodynamic aspects of rudders and simple 177 estimates................................................ 181 5.4.3 Rudder types ................................. 5.4.4 Interaction of rudder and 188 propeller ................................................. 190
5.4.5 Interaction of rudder and ship hull.......................................................... 193 5.4.6 Rudder cavitation .......................... 195 5.4.7 Rudder design............................... 5.4.8 CFD for rudder flows and 200 conclusions for rudder design ................ 201 5.5 Exercise: manoeuvring..................... 203 6 Boundary element methods ........ 207 6.1 Introduction ...................................... 207 6.2 Source elements .............................. 209 6.2.1 Point source .................................. 209 6.2.2 Regular first-order panel ............... 211 6.2.3 Jensen panel ................................. 215 6.2.4 Higher-order panel ........................ 218 6.3 Vortex elements ............................... 223 6.4 Dipole elements ............................... 226 6.4.1 Point dipole ................................... 226 6.4.2 Thiart element ............................... 227 6.5 Special techniques ........................... 229 6.5.1 Desingularization........................... 229 6.5.2 Patch method ................................ 230 7 Numerical example for BEM ........ 7.1 Two-dimensional flow around a 236 body in infinite fluid ................................. 236 7.1.1 Theory ........................................... 236 7.1.2 Numerical implementation............. 7.2 Two-dimensional wave resistance 237 problem .................................................. 238 7.2.1 Theory ........................................... 238 7.2.2 Numerical implementation............. 7.3 Three-dimensional wave 241 resistance problem ................................. 242 7.3.1 Theory ........................................... 242 7.3.2 Numerical implementation............. 7.4 Strip method module (two 247 dimensional) ........................................... 7.5 Rankine panel method in the 250 frequency domain................................... 253 7.5.1 Theory ........................................... 253
Page 1 and 2: Practical Ship Hydrodynamics
Page 3 and 4: Butterworth-Heinemann Linacre House
Page 5: 3 Resistance and propulsion .......
Page 9 and 10: Preface The first five chapters giv
Page 11 and 12: 1 Introduction Models now in tanks
Page 13 and 14: Introduction 3 certain investigatio
Page 15 and 16: Introduction 5 there have been prop
Page 17 and 18: Introduction 7 is a material consta
Page 19 and 20: Introduction 9 margin may make a di
Page 21 and 22: Introduction 11 solution either. Ev
Page 23 and 24: Introduction 13 in naval architectu
Page 25 and 26: Introduction 15 ž Finite differenc
Page 27 and 28: Introduction 17 makes seakeeping pr
Page 29 and 30: Introduction 19 ship. Inner flow co
Page 31 and 32: Introduction 21 performed on workst
Page 33 and 34: Introduction 23 experts, while boun
Page 35 and 36: Introduction 25 two more decades be
Page 37 and 38: Introduction 27 Figure 1.3 A cylind
Page 39 and 40: Introduction 29 resolved by conside
Page 41 and 42: Introduction 31 ž LSOR (line succe
Page 43 and 44: Introduction 33 flow direction. CDS
Page 45 and 46: Introduction 35 equation, i.e. the
Page 47 and 48: 2 Propellers 2.1 Introduction Ships
Page 49 and 50: Propellers 39 ž rake iG The face o
Page 51 and 52: KT KQ h 10 . K Q K T Figure 2.3 Pro
Page 53 and 54: Propellers 43 methods or panel meth
Page 55 and 56: Propellers 45 This formula can be i
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Propellers 47 power. The earliest l
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Propellers 49 corrected subsequentl
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Propellers 51 flow computations are
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Propellers 53 occurs earlier, as ca
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Propellers 55 2.5.2 Open-water test
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Propellers 57 the traditional prope
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Propellers 59 (model/full-scale shi
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Propellers 61 represents the cavity
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Resistance and propulsion 63 1. The
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Resistance and propulsion 65 3.1.2
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Figure 3.3 Double-body flow y Wave
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Resistance and propulsion 69 course
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Resistance and propulsion 71 limite
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Table 3.1 Recommended values for CA
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Resistance and propulsion 75 3.2.6
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P B ⋅ 10 3 (kW) 40 30 20 10 0 n P
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Resistance and propulsion 79 t is t
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Resistance and propulsion 81 are no
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3.4 Simple design approaches Resist
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Resistance and propulsion 85 of the
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Resistance and propulsion 87 non-li
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Resistance and propulsion 89 resist
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Resistance and propulsion 91 (doubl
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Resistance and propulsion 93 only b
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Resistance and propulsion 95 resist
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Resistance and propulsion 97 1°. S
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Ship seakeeping 99 3. Addition of t
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Ship seakeeping 101 1. No recording
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Ship seakeeping 103 Re denotes the
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Ship seakeeping 105 the ship axis x
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Ship seakeeping 107 The procedure t
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Ship seakeeping 109 If several ω r
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a 0.015 0.010 0.005 0 1 2 3 4 5 Uc/
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Ship seakeeping 113 The (only stati
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Ship seakeeping 115 height H1/3 for
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Ship seakeeping 117 using data of B
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Ship seakeeping 119 for each strip
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Ship seakeeping 121 between near fi
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Ship seakeeping 123 wave length of
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Ship seakeeping 125 The elements of
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Ship seakeeping 127 4.4.3 Rankine s
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Ship seakeeping 129 to zero. Then t
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Ship seakeeping 131 for commercial
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Ship seakeeping 133 Since the spect
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Ship seakeeping 135 ž The ωj are
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Ship seakeeping 137 changing sea sp
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Ship seakeeping 139 The wave impact
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Ship seakeeping 141 pressure gauges
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v(t) h(x,t) y u(x,t) Figure 4.23 On
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Ship seakeeping 145 computations wi
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Ship seakeeping 147 4. Derive the p
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Ship seakeeping 149 The free consta
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5 Ship manoeuvring 5.1 Introduction
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Ship manoeuvring 153 ž yaw rate (r
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Ship manoeuvring 155 Table 5.2 Non-
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Ship manoeuvring 157 but also the i
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C y 1.50 1.25 1.00 1.75 0.85 0.80 0
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Ship manoeuvring 161 section. The l
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Ship manoeuvring 163 methods have b
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esistance R is proportional to spee
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Ship manoeuvring 167 accuracy, but
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Ship manoeuvring 169 the difference
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Ship manoeuvring 171 it is importan
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d, y 20° 10° 0° −10° −20°
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Distance Lateral deviation Length o
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Ship manoeuvring 177 also performed
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Ship manoeuvring 179 ž Rudders out
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ehind the leading edge (nose) is: c
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Ship manoeuvring 183 the rudder. In
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Ship manoeuvring 185 attack ˛ of n
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V a /V 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 V a /V 2.0 1
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Ship manoeuvring 189 ž Rudder with
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average between VA and V1: � �
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C L (V corr ≠ V A ) C L (V corr =
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Ship manoeuvring 195 hull influence
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Ship manoeuvring 197 - Estimate the
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Ship manoeuvring 199 rudder tip vor
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Ship manoeuvring 201 (1993) uses de
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Ship manoeuvring 203 ž Profiles wi
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Ship manoeuvring 205 The ship perfo
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6 Boundary element methods 6.1 Intr
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C ⊲t1n3 C n1t3⊳⊲t3 xxz C s3 x
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xx D ⊲ 3 x⊲x xq⊳ ⊳/r 2 xy D
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The velocity in the x direction is:
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∂ ∂z Boundary element methods 2
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Boundary element methods 217 2. Thr
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and ⊲ , ⊳ is: r D � ⊲x ⊳
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⊲1⊳ y D � d 2 y d r 2 f ⊲c
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Boundary element methods 223 the so
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2 0 8xz D 2 2 0 8xxz D 2 2 0 8xzz D
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Figure 6.9 Velocities induced by po
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It is convenient to write ϕ as:
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Boundary element methods 231 usuall
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Boundary element methods 233 From t
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with: Boundary element methods 235
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Numerical example for BEM 237 S is
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Numerical example for BEM 239 In ea
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Numerical example for BEM 241 Once
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Numerical example for BEM 243 ž Tr
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Numerical example for BEM 245 that
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Numerical example for BEM 247 is ch
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Table 7.1 Sign for derivatives of p
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z y Figure 7.5 Coordinate system us
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the contour (Fig. 7.5): n� iD1 i
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Numerical example for BEM 255 Let E
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Numerical example for BEM 257 At th
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Numerical example for BEM 259 This
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Numerical example for BEM 261 The i
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Numerical example for BEM 263 The e
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References Abbott, I. and Doenhoff,
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References 267 Morgan, W. B. and Li
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Index Actuator disk, 44 Added mass,
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Practical Ship Hydrodynamics

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