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70 MALAY SELF-TAUGHT. The Passive Voice. Rule 27. In colloquialism, the " passive voice " is formed by using the word kena before the verb, e.g. English. he was killed he will be killed Malay. dia kena bunoh dia nanti kena bunoh Rule 28. In writing, the "passive voice" is formed by using the prefix c/z- before the verb and is largely used in preference to the " active voice ", which therefore is colloquial, e.g. : English. she took the bird he wrote a letter to his wife Colloquial or Active Voice. dia ambil itu bilrong dia tulis satu surat ka-pada isterinya* Literary or Passive Voice. di-anibil-nya* burong itu di-tulis-nya* sapuchok surat kapada isteri-nya* * Note the suffix -nya, meaning " by him ", or " of his ", or "of her" (cf Rule 8 (ii)). Rule 29. In writing, even with an intransitive verb wliich must necessarily be always in the "active voice", the verb precedes the "subject " and has -/ak added to it, e.g. • English. Malay. he went to Ipoh pergi-lah ia ka-Ipoh Auxiliary Verbs for Interrogative Sentences. Rule 30. The auxiliary verbs " do ", " does ", and "did" in interrogative sentences have no rendering in Malay when they are preceded by " how ", " when ", or " why ", e.g..: how did you do it? when did you come .? why did you hit him? bagaimana engkau membuat nya ? bila engkau datang ? apafasal engkau pukul sama ' dia ? : :
— OUTLINE OF GRAMMAR. 71 Interrogation. Rule 31. Generally a suffix, -kah, is used to denote interrogation. Its position in a sentence may be better learnt by examples. English. have you a knife ? has he gone ? are you mad ? is he sleeping ? were you there yesterday ? are yoii a teacher ? when will you go ? can you give me . . . ? does he go to school? did you see him ? Malay. engkau ada-kah pisau ? sudah-kah dia pergi ? engkau gila-kah ? dia tidur-kah ? engkau di-situ-kah semalam ? engkau kerja guru-kah ? bila-kah engkau nantipergi ? boleh-kah engkau beri ka pada sahaya . . .? ada-kah dia pergi ka-sekolah ? ada-kah engkaujumpa dia ? Note. —In colloquialism -kah may be left out, but the word on which the force of the question falls is etnphasized. Rule 32. The word jadi used in colloquial Malay, examples : this will do we are not going to Ipoh ' after all ' the fqotball match will hot take place this evening then, when is it going to take place ? what became of the madman? Adverbs. ( = become) is very largely especially in the following inijadi-lah tidakjadi kita pergi ka-Ipoh tidak jadi lawan football ini petang bila-kah pulajadi-nya ? apajadi-nya 07'ang gila itu ? Rule 33. Adverbs of manner ma)' be formed from adjectives by (i) using dengan . . . nya, e.g. : (adj.) easy (adv.) easily -an senang-nya ,
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l-^ t 1 i*UM«WIMIM«Hk« ASIA A LA
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Cornell university Library
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Marlborough's Self-Taught Series. m
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PREFACE. ""THE Malay language is sp
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6
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8 MALAY SELF-TAUGHT. But when the p
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— THE MALAY CHARACTERS. , Malay i
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— 12 MALAY SELF-TAUGHT. Notea on
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14 MALAY SELF-TAUGHT. Rule 3. Words
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16 MALAY SELK-TAUGHT. Rule 9. Words
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18 MALAY SELF-TAUGHT. English.
Page 24: 20 MALAY SELF-TAUGHT. Ekglish.
Page 27 and 28: English. mushroom nutmeg nuts olive
Page 29 and 30: — Pronunciation. ah'ha^d ith'nin
Page 31 and 32: English. VOCABULARIES. 27
Page 36 and 37: 32 MALAY SELF-TAUGHT. English.
Page 38 and 39: 34 MALAY SELF-TAUGHT. House and Fur
Page 40 and 41: 36 MALAY SELF-TAUGHT. English. Prof
Page 44: 40 MALAY SELF-TAUGHT. ENGLISH.
Page 47 and 48: English. cups (for rubber dam [late
Page 51 and 52: 2,;66,4i3 1920 VOCABULARIES. 47 Mal
Page 53 and 54: Auxiliary. Bentok helai batang bila
Page 55 and 56: English. free trequent fresh full g
Page 57 and 58: — • (of English. sharp (of knif
Page 59 and 60: English. VOCABULARIES, SS
Page 64: 6D MALAY SELF-TAUGHT. English.
Page 67 and 68: English. neither . nor only then or
Page 69 and 70: OUTLIN'E OF GRAMMAR. It has been tr
Page 71 and 72: OUTLINE OF GRAMMAR. 67 Articles. Ru
Page 73: : OUTLINE OF GRAMMAR. 69 Rule 22. T
Page 77 and 78: OUTLINE OF GRAMMAR. IS (ii) To deno
Page 79 and 80: OUTLINE OI' GRAMMAR. 7S (ii) verbal
Page 81 and 82: OUTLINE OF GRAMMAR. 77 Rule 45. Ver
Page 83 and 84: SOME SENTENCES TRANSLATED AS EXERCI
Page 85 and 86: English. He has never seen a lion C
Page 87 and 88: English. How did you get into the r
Page 89 and 90: English. I do not quite understand
Page 91 and 92: English. Not yet ! They are all ali
Page 93 and 94: English. You must send the porter t
Page 95 and 96: English. Bring tea and cakes Bring
Page 97 and 98: English. I should like some toast S
Page 99 and 100: CONVERSATIONAL PHRASES. 95 English.
Page 101 and 102: English. In five minutes At ten thi
Page 103 and 104: English. Come with me to the Post O
Page 105 and 106: English. My number is . . Are you t
Page 107 and 108: English. This is too big (small) .
Page 109 and 110: English. How deep have you bored ?
Page 111 and 112: English. Send six men to help the c
Page 113 and 114: English. Have the seeds sprouted ?
Page 115 and 116: CONVERSATIONAL PHRASES. Ill Doctors
Page 117 and 118: 6nglish. Shake the bottle well befo
Page 119 and 120: English. A case of theft A case of
Page 121 and 122: English. I have no cash now, but I
Page 123 and 124: English . Probably when you went to
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Telephone CENTRAL 9340. TELEGRAPHIC
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— — EUROPEAN AND ORIENTAL EDUCA
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— DUTCH. EGYPTIAN. DUTCH Net Dutc
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ENGLISH (contd.). (for Russian s).
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— FRENCH (contd.). 9 French Gramm
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— FRENCH (contd.). GERMAN. 11 Met
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— GERMAN (contd.). 13 Net for Lad
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— GREEK {Modern) jcontd.) HINDUST
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— ITALIAN (contd.). JAPANESE. 17
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Portuguese. Russian. i9 I>ORTXJGUES
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SPANISH (contd.), SWEDISH. TAMIL 21
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European & Oriental Grammars. EUROP
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SELECTED DICTIONARItS. 25 DUTCH.
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SELEGTED DICtlONARlES. 27 •CLIFTO
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SELECfEb DIOTIONARIES. 29 •SANGAJ
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SELECTED DICTIONARIES. 31 Containin
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