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Economist Style Guide - Redress Information & Analysis

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Gresham’s law When money of a high intrinsic value is in circulation<br />

with money of lesser value, it is the inferior currency which tends to<br />

remain in circulation, while the other is either hoarded or exported. In<br />

other words: “Bad money drives out good”.<br />

Grimm’s law Concerns mutations of the consonants in the various<br />

Germanic languages. Proto-Indo-European voiced aspirated stops,<br />

voiced unaspirated stops and voiceless stops become respectively<br />

voiced unaspirated stops, voiceless stops and voiceless fricatives.<br />

Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle Energy and time or position and<br />

momentum cannot both be accurately measured simultaneously. The<br />

product of their uncertainties is h (Planck’s constant).<br />

Hooke’s law The stress imposed on a solid is directly proportional to<br />

the strain produced within the elastic limit.<br />

Laws of thermodynamics<br />

1 The change in the internal energy of a system equals the sum of<br />

the heat added to the system and the work done on it.<br />

2 Heat cannot be transferred from a colder to a hotter body within<br />

a system without net changes occurring in other bodies in the<br />

system.<br />

3 It is impossible to reduce the temperature of a system to absolute<br />

zero in a fi nite number of steps.<br />

Mendel’s Principles The Law of Segregation is that every somatic cell<br />

of an individual carries a pair of hereditary units for each character:<br />

the pairs separate during meiosis so that each gamete carries one unit<br />

only of each pair.<br />

The Law of Independent Assortment is that the separation of units<br />

of each pair is not infl uenced by that of any other pair.<br />

Murphy’s law Anything that can go wrong will go wrong. Also<br />

known as sod’s law.<br />

Ohm’s law Electric current is directly proportional to electromotive<br />

force and inversely proportional to resistance.<br />

laws<br />

Parkinson’s law First published in The <strong>Economist</strong>, November 19th<br />

1955. The author, C. Northcote Parkinson, sought to expand on the<br />

“commonplace observation that work expands so as to fi ll the time<br />

available for its completion”. After studying Admiralty staffi ng levels,<br />

he concluded that in any public administrative department not actually<br />

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