Soil Management Handbook - Ministry of Agriculture and Lands

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Table of Contents Con't. Page 3.6 Drainage in Upland Soils ...............................................................................................................................58 3.7 Salt Affected Soils..........................................................................................................................................58 4. Practical Aspects of Soil Management ..................................................................................................................63 4.1 Land Clearing, Levelling and Recontouring and Terracing..........................................................................63 4.2 Tillage and Tillage Implements .....................................................................................................................64 4.3 Soil Loosening/Subsoiling .............................................................................................................................69 4.4 Management of Peat and Muck Soils ............................................................................................................72 4.5 Soil Amendments ...........................................................................................................................................73 4.6 Pesticide Use ..................................................................................................................................................77 5. Animal Manure Management ................................................................................................................................79 5.1 Managing Manures for Crop Production ......................................................................................................79 5.2 Factors Affecting Contamination from Manure............................................................................................79 5.3 Factors Contributing to High Fall Nitrate Levels in the Root Zone and Nitrate Leaching..................................................................................................................80 5.4 Practical Guidance on Land Application of Manure ....................................................................................81 6. Soil Conservation ...................................................................................................................................................83 6.1 Crop Rotations................................................................................................................................................83 6.2 Cover Crops....................................................................................................................................................83 6.3 Mulching.........................................................................................................................................................85 6.4 Conservation Farming ...................................................................................................................................85 References........................................................................................................................................................................88 Published Sources.................................................................................................................................................88 Personal Communication .....................................................................................................................................90 Appendix A: The Climate of the Okanagan and Similkameen Valleys......................................................................A-1 Appendix B: Map of Reported Area and Soil Series Locations..................................................................................B-1 - vii -
List Of Soil Series Page Page Page Acland Creek (AC) 26 Greata (GT) 16 Paradise (PE) 26 Agar Lake (AA) 26 Greata (GT:bl)* 16 Pari (PAR)* 22 Armstrong (A) 18 Grizzly Hill (GH)* 18 Parkill (PR) 21 Armstrong (A:er)* 30 Guisachan (GN) 17 Peachland (PA) 14 Armstrong (A:sw)* 18 Harrland (HD) 18 Pentiction (P) 20 Armstrong (A:sw,cb)* 18 Hayman (HN) 18 Plaster (PLA)* 15 Bessette (BT)* 13 Haynes (HA) 21 Ponderosa (PØ) 27 Bluespring (BP)* 18 Higgins (HG) 20 Postill (PL) 22 Boucherie (BE) 15 Hullcar (HR)* 20 Priest Creek (PT) 13 Broadview (B) 15 Hupel (HU)* 27 Ratnip (RN) 27 Bullock (BK) 29 Iltcoola (IL) 30 Reiswig (RS)* 18 Burnell Lake (BL) 27 Inkaneep (IK) 23 Roy Creek (RY) 23 Cameron Lake (CNA)*(CN) 23 Kalamalka (K)* 25 Rumohr (RH) 24 Canyonview (CY) 27 Kalamalka (K:dg)* 25 Rutland (R) 14 Carlin (CN)* 20 Kalamalka (K:l)* 25 Rutland (R:er)* 30 Cawston (CA) 19 Kalamoir (KR) 20 Seaton (SE)* 14 Chapman (CH) 20 Kaleden (KA) 21 Shannon (SA) 25 Cherryville (CY)* 18 Kelowna (KE) 18 Shuswap (SH)* 21 Chopaka (CK) 13 Kendall (KD) 24 Similkameen (SM) 25 Coldstream (CS)* 25 Keremeos (K) 19 Skaha (SK) 26 Coldstream (CS:wd)* 25 Kinney (KY) 29 Snehumpton (SN) 19 Coldstream (CS:wd,ca)* 25 Kloag Pass (KG) 30 Solly (SØ) 30 Corporation (CP) 30 Knox Mountain (KN) 20 Spallumcheen (S)* 15 Coulthard (CD) 19 Lambly (LY) 20 Spallumcheen (S:gl)* 15 Darke Lake (DL) 24 Lumby (LY)* 27 Spallumcheen (S:gl,ca)* 15 Dartmouth (DH) 26 Lumby (LY:gl)* 27 Stemwinder (SW) 27 Debeck (DE) 14 Manery (MY) 27 Stepney (SY)* 21 Dub Lake (DU) 30 Maynard (MD) 30 Strutt (ST) 13 Duteau (D)* 13 McDougall (ML) 18 Summerland (SR) 28 Eaneas (ES) 22 McKinley (MK) 16 Susap (SU) 29 Ellison (EN) 14 Mission Creek (MC) 20 Swanson (SN)* 28 Enderby (EY)* 20 Moffat (MT)* 21 Swanson (SN:vp)* 28 Enderby (EY:er)* 30 Monashee (MØ)* 29 Tanaka (TA) 17 Enderby (EY:li)* 30 Munson (MU) 20 Tappen (T)* 15 Equesis (ES)* 22 Nahun (H)* 14 Tomlin (TM) 27 Faulder (FR) 22 Nahun (H:er)* 30 Trepanier (TR) 21 Fowler (FR)* 22 Nahun (H:db)* 14 Trewitt (TW)* 21 Gammil (GM) 14 Naramata (NM) 20 Trout Creek (TC) 26 Gardom (GMA)* 24 Nighthawk (NG) 19 Twin Lakes (TL) 27 Gartrell (GR) 28 Nisconlith (N)* 13 Valley Creek (VW) 16 Gellatly (GY) 20 Nisconlith (N:ca)* 13 Waby (WY:m)* 24 Giants Head (GH) 18 Nisconlith (N:p)* 24 Westbank (WK) 15 Gillanders (GS) 13 Nkwala (NK) 22 Winslow (WW) 17 Glenemma (G)* 14 Okanagan (Ø)* 24 Misc. Land Types Glenemma (G:er)* 30 O’Keefe (ØK)* 21 MLA 31 Glenfir (GF) 21 Olalla (ØL) 25 MLB 31 Glenmore (GL) 15 Olhausen (ØH) 20 MLC 31 Glenmore (GL:dg)* 15 Osoyoos (Ø) 21 MLD 31 Grandview (GR)* 21 Oyama (ØY) 21 MLE 31 Grandview (GR: dg)* 21 Pandozy (PY) 27 MLF 31 MLG 31 *= indicates soils mapped in the North Okanagan only, but some map symbols are the same as in the South. NOTE: Cameron Lake has two map symbols, CNA for the North and CN for the South. - viii -
Page 2 and 3: Soil Management Handbook For The Ok
Page 4 and 5: Preface The Soil Management Handboo
Page 6 and 7: Table Of Contents Preface..........
Page 10 and 11: List Of Soil Management Groups And
Page 12: List Of Tables Table1: Farm Conserv
Page 15 and 16: To obtain information about the soi
Page 17 and 18: List of Definitions for Table 1 Con
Page 19 and 20: Well Suited Crops • All necessary
Page 21 and 22: Soil Depth refers to the depth to e
Page 23 and 24: Grapes: grape suitability is strong
Page 25 and 26: Soil Management Groups This section
Page 27 and 28: Gammil Soil Management Group Soil S
Page 29 and 30: Greata Soil Management Group Soil S
Page 31 and 32: Kelowna Soil Management Group Soil
Page 33 and 34: Munson Soil Management Group Soil S
Page 35 and 36: Postill Soil Management Group Soil
Page 37 and 38: Rumohr Soil Management Group Soil S
Page 39 and 40: Skaha Soil Management Group Soil Se
Page 41 and 42: Summerland Soil Management Group So
Page 43 and 44: Miscellaneous Soils Soil Series: Ar
Page 45 and 46: Soil Management Guide This section
Page 47 and 48: Table 5 Soil Particle Size and Char
Page 49 and 50: Table 6 Physical Characteristics of
Page 51 and 52: plant roots and organic matter. The
Page 53 and 54: The bulk density of high organic mi
Page 55 and 56: Other management practices, such as
Page 57 and 58: Figure 11 Schematic drawing of the
Page 59 and 60:
1 m, etc., in an orchard block wher
Page 61 and 62:
3. Water Management High rainfall d
Page 63 and 64:
Table 12 Availability Coefficients
Page 65 and 66:
Impact of large drops of water disp
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The single most important soil fact
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land. Drainage systems are also nec
Page 71 and 72:
Detailed information is provided in
Page 73 and 74:
Table 16 Generalized Soil Profile D
Page 75 and 76:
Table 17 Drain Recommendations Base
Page 77 and 78:
is very susceptible to structure de
Page 79 and 80:
vertically into the soil and as it
Page 81 and 82:
Figure 19 Schematic drawing of the
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Case 1: Well Structured Soils If th
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fracture requires the soil to expan
Page 87 and 88:
"tie up" some soil nitrogen, althou
Page 89 and 90:
efer to the following Factsheets: S
Page 91 and 92:
contaminate groundwater. Water cont
Page 93 and 94:
Table 18 N, P and K Content of Vari
Page 95 and 96:
field access is possible, manure ap
Page 97 and 98:
Annual or permanent cover will redu
Page 99 and 100:
agricultural production, its impact
Page 101 and 102:
References Published Sources Agricu
Page 103 and 104:
Stevenson, D.S. and Brownlee, C.H.
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Appendix A-2 Figure 2 Typical summe
Page 107 and 108:
Appendix A-4 fall frost. The angle
Page 109 and 110:
Appendix A-6 Abbreviations Used in
Page 111 and 112:
Appendix B: Soil Series And Locatio
Page 113 and 114:
Greata Soil Management Group Greata
Page 115 and 116:
Postill Soil Management Group Eanea
Page 117 and 118:
Miscellaneous Soils Armstrong (A:er
Page 119:
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT B.C
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Soil Management Handbook - Ministry of Agriculture and Lands

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