Source: Landcare Research (1964). Control of poisons. Royal ...

1080 Reassessment Application October 2006
Appendix C
Abstract: Chick embro heart fragments in primary hangingdrop culture were treated with sodium
fluroacetate to induce inhibition of aconitate hydratase, a mitochondrial enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid
cycle. The mitochondria were analyzed in the living myoblasts by phasecontrast timelapse
cinemicrography. The results were recorded in 1 16 mm film. After 2030 minutes contact of the cells with
the inhibitor some mitochondrion became thickened and swollen. The swelling was polymorphous,
asynchronous and reversible; the name mitochondrion could swell and shrink many times. Some
mitochondria seemed not to respond to fluroacetate and remained rodlike. Mitochondria appeared the only
cell components to be morphologically affected by fluroacetate and the changes were specifically caused by
the inhibitor. The type of mitochondrial swelling differed from the largeamplitude inspirationdependent
swelling of the isolated mitochondria in vitro and from the configurational changes of isolated
mitochondria associated with the respiratory states. The evidence pointed to specific connection between
the biochemical lesion caused by fluroacetate and the configurational changes of the mitochondria. The
mitochondrial swelling as to a large extent revered by washing the cultures with Tyrode physiological
saline solution and the reversal was further accentuated by incubation of the cultures in fresh nutrient
medium.
Barnett, M. L. J., Batcheler, C. L., and Lambert, R. E. Investigations into the use of natural baits and
compound 1080 for poisoning deer. 75, 1-12. 1970. Rangiora, Forest & Range Experiment Station.
Protection Forestry Branch Report No. 75.
Ref Type: Report
Keywords: baits/1080/poisoning/deer
Abstract: Poisoning of natural baits with 1080 powder dissolved in an adhesive is effective for killing deer
in an area of high rainfall and dense vegetation, where conventional methods of control have met with
limited success in in recent years. Experiments showed that natural baits treated with the adhesive were
fairly readily accepted by deer.
Barnett, S. A. and Spencer, M. M. (1949). Sodium fluoroacetate (1080) as a rat poison. The Journal of
Hygiene 47, 426-430.
Keywords: sodium fluoroacetate/fluoroacetate/1080/poisoning/rats/birds/poisons/efficacy
Abstract: Sodium fluoroacetate (1080) has been tested in the field as a poison for Rattus norvegicus and R.
rattus. Direct poisoning (without prebaiting) was used in thirteen tests on R. norvegicus. In eight of these
tests censuses showed kills of at least 89%; in three tests the poison failed, and in two the results were
equivocal. Of three similar tests against R. rattus two were successful and one was a failure. Six tests of
1080 after prebaiting gave five successes (including one against R. rattus) and one in which the estimated
kill was about 82%. In five out of six tests populations of R. norvegicus which had survived baiting with
1080 showed shyness (refusal) of the poison when it was given in a new bait base. The LD50 of 1080 for a
strain of white rats was found to be 3.8 mg/kg (approx. range 2.8-5.2). A number of wild birds and some
domestic aniamls were accidentally killed during the tests despite stringent precautions taken in laying the
bait and in warning occupiers. It is concluded that (a) although 1080 is probably more effective in direct
poisoning than other poisons used in the past, it does not give as consistent results as the standard poisons
do after prebaiting; (b) 1080 is too dangerous for general use.
Baron, M. L., Bothroyd, C. M., Rogers, G. I., Staffa, A., and Rae, I. D. (1987). Detection and measurement
of fluoroacetate in plant extracts by 19 F NMR. Phytochemistry 26, 2293-2295.
Keywords: NMR
Abstract: Examination of extracts from seeds and foliage of several species known to contain fluoroacetate,
using 19FNMR spectroscopu, has shown the presence of the characteristic FCH2-signal in most of them
and enabled quantitative determiniation of their fluoroacetate contect. No other fluorine-containing plant
metabolites were detected; fluoroacetate was not detected in the extracts of several non-toxic species. The
limit of detection is estimated to be ca 4 Fg/g.
Barry, T. N., Blaney, B. J., Hacker, J. B., and Ternouth, J. H. (1987). Secondary compounds of forages.
(Academic Press; London; UK:
Keywords: chemistry/cyanide/fluoroacetate/occurrence in nature
Abstract: This review is divided into sections each dealing with representatives of a separate group of
compounds. Within each section, sub-sections describe the chemistry of the compound(s), factors affecting
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