Source: Landcare Research (1964). Control of poisons. Royal ...

1080 Reassessment Application October 2006
Appendix C
Abstract: Large-scale possums control in New Zealand is dependent on the use of sodium
monofluoroacetate (1080). Although 1080 is highly effective, its use is restricted and there is public
pressure to find alternatives. An acute toxicity programme has been set up to identify safer, humane, and
more target-specific toxins. Possums ere dosed with a new rodenticide, cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3).
Interim results indicated that cholecalciferol has and LD90 of approx. 20-50mg/kg in the possum.
Eason, C. T., Wright, G. R., and Fitzgerald, H. (1992). Sodium monofluoroacetate (1080) water-residue
analysis after large-scale possum control. New Zealand journal of ecology 16, 47-49.
Keywords: persistence in water/1080/possums/aquifer
Abstract: Two major control operations were conducted in New Zealand in 1990 using aerially sown baits
containing the poison sodium monofluoroacetate (1080) [sodium fluoroacetate] against (1) brushtail
possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) in kauri (Agathis australis) mixed hardwood forests of Waipoua Forest
Sanctuary, and (2) against brushtail possums and rock wallabies (Petrogale penicillata) in the pohutukawa
(Metrosideros excelsa) forests on the volcanic cone of Rangitoto Island. This note briefly reports the results
of water-residue analyses carried out to determine the fate of 1080 in waterways. In Waipoua, streams and
rivers were monitored for 4 months after 100 t of 1080 possum baits were sown over 17 000 ha of forest. At
Rangitoto Island, surface and ground water samples were analysed for 6 months after 20 t of 1080 possum
baits were sown over the 2300 ha island. No 1080 was detected in the streams and rivers of the Waipoua
forest or the surface or ground water of Rangitoto Island.
Eason, C. T. (1992). The evaluation of alternative toxins to sodium monofluoroacetate (1080) for possum
control. Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference 15, 348-350.
Keywords: possums/acute toxicity/1080/lethal dose/field efficacy/bait shyness
Abstract: Possum control in New Zealand is dependent on the use of sodium monofluoroacetate (1080) and
cyanide. Although 1080 is highly effective, its uses is restricted to government staff. Cyanide is available
for a wide group of licensed operators but cyanide "shyness" reduces its effectiveness. An acute toxicity
programme has been set up to identify non anticoagulant toxins, that could be used safely by farmers. Dose
ranging studies showed that possums are susceptible to cholecalciferol, calciferol, gliftor, alpha-chloralose,
and nicotine, but not to bromethalin. As lethal doses for these toxins have been ascertained, which of them
are likely to be cost-effective and safe alternatives to 1080 now needs to be established. Bait palatability
and field studies will then be undertaken with the most promising candidates.
Eason, C. T., Morgan, D. R., and Clapperton, B. K. Toxic bait and baiting strategies for feral cats. 371-
376. 1992. University of California, Davis. Proceedings of the 15th Vertebrate Pest Conference. Borrecco,
J. E. and Marsh, R. E.
Ref Type: Conference Proceeding
Keywords: cats/sodium monofluoroacetate/monofluoroacetate/1080/baits/acute
toxicity/plasma/warfarin/field efficacy/iophenoxic acid
Abstract: To improve feral cat control we developed a dry pelleted toxic bait and evaluated the potential of
lures. A ploymer fish meal bait was preferred by cats from a range of bait types tested. L-alanine furtehr
increased bait acceptance by cat in pens trials and catnip may have the potential to increase field acceptance
and target specificity. An oral LD90 of 0.38 mg/kg was established for sodium monofluoroacetate (1080) in
feral cats voluntarily eating surface-loaded baits. Acute toxicity to cats of warfarin, cholecalciferol and
gliftor was tested. However, because the cat proved highly sensitive to 1080, we recommended its use at a
dose of 2 mg per cat bait. In preliminary field trials of bait acceptance using non-toxic ploymer bait
(without flavour or attractants) marked with the plasma marler iophenoxic acid, 50% of 39 cats caught
within 3 weeks of laying the baits were marked. Subsequently polymer bait, surface coated with 1080 was
used in the successful eradication of feral cats from Matakohe Island (37 ha) Whangerei Harbour, New
Zealand.
Eason, C. T. Old pesticide - new data. New Zealand Science Monthly [March 1992], 15-16. 1992.
Ref Type: Magazine Article
Eason, C. T. and Hickling, G. J. (1992). Evaluation of a bio-dynamic technique for possum pest control.
New Zealand journal of ecology 16, 141-144.
Keywords: pest/possums
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