Source: Landcare Research (1964). Control of poisons. Royal ...

1080 Reassessment Application October 2006
Appendix C
Bauermeister, A., Thompson, C. J., and Nimmo, I. A. (1977). The susceptibility of rainbow trout to
fluoroacetate. Biochemical Society transactions 5, 304-306.
Keywords: aquatic species/non-target species
Abstract: Certain poikilothermic animals are resistant to fluoroacetate. Since no-one seems to know how
they tolerate fluoroacetate, we have examined some of its effects on the Rainbow trout, and for comparsion,
on the albino rat. Comparison of the LD50 values for fluoroacetate with the concentrations of it which
inhibit hepatic respiration suggests that in neither species is the liver the critical organ. Nevertheless, it is
tempting to speculate that trout are relatively immune to fluoroacetate, partly because their aconitrate
hydratase is only poorly inhibited by fluorocitate, and partly because their low body temperature further
diminishes the potency of this inhibitor.
Beard, C. E., Hefford, M. A., Forster, R. J., Sontakke, S., Teather, R. M., and Gregg, K. (1995). A stable
and efficient transformation system for Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens OB156. Current Microbiology 30, 105-
109.
Keywords: resistance
Abstract: A 9.5-kb shuttle vector capable of replication and selection in both Esherichia coli and
Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens was constructed. Plasmid pUC118 provided replication functions and ampicillin
resistance selection in E. coli. In B. fibrisolvens, replication was controlled by the native plasmid pRJF1
from strain OB156, and selectability was provided by a 3.5-kb fragment of plasmid pAMβ1 containing the
erythromycin gene. Optimum conditions for transformation were 15 kV/cm, 2 hr recovery, and plating in
an agar overlay on medium containing 10 µg erythromycin/ml. Maximum efficiency was 1.1 x 10 5
transformants per µg plasmid DNA (average 3 x 10 4 ), and restriction mechanisms reduced efficiency by a
factor of 2 x 10 2 . Nonselective growth for 200 generations gave no measurable loss of plasmid.
Beasley, M. (1996). 1080 - overview of toxicology issues. In 'Improving conventional control of possums :
proceedings of a workshop organised by the Possum and Bovine Tuberculosis Control National Science
Strategy Committee, 25-26 October 1995, Wellington'. pp. 15-17. (Royal Society of New Zealand:
Wellington.)
Keywords: occupational exposure/1080/possums
Abstract: This paper reviews the health issues concerning the continued use of 1080
Beasley, V. R., Dorman, D. C., Fikes, J. D., Diana, S. G., and Woshner, V. (1997). Fluoroacetate - 1080. In
'A systems affected approach to veterinary toxicology : reference notes for Toxicology VB 320'. pp. 98-
102. (University of Illinois, Dept. of Veterinary Biosciences: Urbana.)
Keywords: metabolism/acute toxicity/diagnosis/treatment/1080/pathology
Abstract: Brief notes on the sources, mechanism, toxicity, signs, clinical pathology, lesions, diagnosis and
treatment.
Beggs, J. R., Toft, R. J., Malham, J. P., Rees, J. S., Tilley, J. A. V., Moller, H., and Alspach, P. (1998). The
difficulty of reducing introduced wasp (Vespula vulgaris) populations for conservation gains. New Zealand
journal of ecology 22, 55-63.
Keywords: birds/invertebrates/wasps/poisons/poison/sodium
monofluoroacetate/monofluoroacetate/poisoning
Abstract: Vespula vulgaris are widespread, abundant pests in New Zealand. They compete for food with
native birds and feed on native invertebrates. The authors poisoned wasps annually over 4 years (1991-95)
to see if it was possible to reduce their abundance in two 30-ha beech (Nothofagus) forest sites near Lake
Rotoroa. Two different poisons (sodium monofluoroacetate [sodium fluoroacetate] and sulfluramid) were
used, mixed with sardine cat food. There was no evidence that one poison was more effective than the
other. Between 82 and 100% of the colonies were killed in the poisoned sites, but reinvasion by foraging
workers meant that cumulative wasp biomass (measured using Malaise traps) was reduced by only 55-70%.
Individual wasps were about 16% heavier in the poisoned sites at the peak of the wasp season (March) than
in the non-poisoned sites, although this had a minimal effect on cumulative biomass over the entire season.
Conservation gains need to be quantified in order to assess whether the expense of such poisoning
operations is warranted
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