Source: Landcare Research (1964). Control of poisons. Royal ...

1080 Reassessment Application October 2006
Appendix C
plasma elimination t1/2 in rabbits, goats and sheep was 1, 5 and 11 hour respectively and tissue
concentrations were consistently lower than plasma concentrations. All traces of 1080 were eliminated in
one week. The rapid elimination of 1080 couples with destocking practices, suggests that the likelihood of
1080 residues occurring in meat for human consumption or export is extremely remote.
Eason, C., Temple, W., Reeve, J. E., Waters, J. D, Fagerstone, K. A., and Savarie, P. J. An evaluation of the
need for regulatory toxicology studies on sodium monofluoroacetate (1080). Landcare Research Contract
Report LC9596/06, -27. 1995.
Ref Type: Report
Keywords: regulatory toxicology/sodium monofluoroacetate/1080
Eason, C., Wickstrom, M., Milne, L., Warburton, B., and Gregory, N. (1998). Implications of animal
welfare considerations for pest control research : the possum as a case study. In 'Ethical approaches to
animal-based science ; proceedings of the Joint ANZCCART/NAEAC conference held in Auckland, New
Zealand 19-20 September 1997'. pp. 125-130. (ANZCCART: Auckland.)
Keywords: welfare/possums
Abstract: Increasingly animal welfare considerations have influenced the focus of pest control research and
the manner in which it is conducted. In this case study we review the trends and influences on research
related to the Australian brushtail possum, considered the most damaging animal pest in New Zealand. The
limited public acceptance for killing of animal pests such as rats and possums, carries the caveat that it
must be done with minimal pain and distress. Finding control methods that are cost effective, target
specific, and humane remains a major ethical and animal welfare issue. There is increasing emphasis on
establishing the relative merits of different trap types and poisons (from a welfare perspective) and the
development of non-lethal methods and biocontrol. We have initiated new research which will lead to an
animal welfare audit of the existing six toxicants commonly used for possum control. The merits of this and
all other pest control research will be judged increasingly from a welfare perspective, and research must
initiate the use of animal management techniques which minimise pain or distress.
Eason, C., Warburton, B., and Henderson, R. (2000). Toxicants used for possum control. In 'The brushtail
possum : biology, impact and management of an introduced marsupial'. (Ed. T. L. Montague.) pp. 154-163.
(Manaaki Whenua: Lincoln.)
Keywords: acute toxicity/possums/welfare/non-target species/secondary poisoning/1080/brodifacoum
Abstract: In New Zealand there are six toxicants currently registered for possum control: 1080 (sodium
monofluoroacetate), cyanide, cholecalciferol (Vitamin D), phosphorus, brodifacoum, and pindone. Their
use for killing possums raises a variety of concerns including risks and persistence, which are often
different for each toxicant because of the differences in their physical and chemical properties and their
toxicological modes in action.
The ideal toxicant for possum control should be inexpensive, usable by farmers, and humane. It should
have an antidote and be degradable in soil and water. As far as possible it should be species-specific. It
should not leave persistent residues in livestock and should have a low risk of primary or secondary
poisoning in non-target species. It should be supported by a comprehensive database of efficacy,
toxicology, and risk assessment studies that satisfy local concerns as well as national and international
regulatory agencies. Such and ideal pesticide has not yet been identified and may never be. The
advantages and disadvantages of the six toxicants currently used for possum control are summaried below
ans some of the research questions being addressed regarding their safety and efficacy are outlined.
Currently the range of toxicants and baits available allows those involved in possum control to select the
most appropriate combination for sustained control of possums, provided they are familiar witht eh
advantages and disadvantages of the different toxicants and baits.
Eason, C. (2000). Persistence of 1080. Surveillance 20, 7.
Keywords: 1080/persistence in animals/persistence in invertebrates/persistence in water
Eason, C. and Wright, G. Water monitoring for contamination after aerial 1080 pest control operations - an
update. He Korero Paihama - Possum Research News 16[December 2001], 10-11. 2001. Landcare
Research.
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