ScienceMakers Toolkit Manual - The History Makers

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Physics physics department, it was one for the Center, and I said, well, I’m going to go take physics. So I went over, I took physics and I fell in love with physics. Because what I liked about it, it was a way you could use mathematics to help you understand just common everyday, phenomena. You know, how light works, why things shine in a certain way, what sound is like, why it travels this way, electricity, and the mathematics was a basis for understanding the physics to me. So I came into the sciences from a mathematical [background]: I was a double major in math and physics. But then once I got into physics, it was a way of learning more about the world and physical and natural phenomena and yet using the mathematics as an aid to do that. Clip 4 - Inspiring Teachers: S.H., Sabinas Hobart Christansen. He was Danish and he was white. We had many white teachers. He taught physics and he became really my mentor throughout life, until he died…There were a coterie of the professors who I thought of as anchors in the department. And the classes were small, and so you really got to know the professors and many of them lived right in the community so you would see them after school, they would invite you over to their homes on weekend or Sundays, Chris did in particular. And Chris really sort of opened my eyes to another world because he and his wife Marion, they both played string instruments and he would invite Hops and I over sometimes on Sunday and we’d have dinner and then she would play the piano and he would play the violin. I mean I’d never been in a setting like that in my life, these sophisticated, European, educated people. And they had a pet skunk that had been denatured is the word, and Chris would let us have a sherry, you know, it was very sophisticated. We could have a small glass of sherry with dinner, after dinner. And he became very close to me. He was the one who really convinced me that I was smart enough to be a physicist, that I could do physics. Clip 5 - Why Physics is Cool: It’s really trying to understand how some phenomena works and seeing how the mathematics allows you to explain it. And that’s just marvelous. There’s no reason that it should be true. There’s no reason that the universe should be created so that it has a mathematical basis to understand physical phenomena, but it does. And so you could actually fi gure out why the sky is blue by working through a mathematical equation that relates different frequencies of light to the way it scatters from particles in the air and all of those things. And low and behold, you come out with some wavelength which is how you measure color and yes, that’s, that’s, these things have a logic to them, some rational basis and it can be understood. Clip 6 - Sound Through Liquid Helium: When I fi rst went to Argonne [National Laboratory] I said they were- -had these experiments, the results of which you couldn’t explain on the basis of the existing theories about how sound travels through liquid helium. And there was an issue with the sound dispersing (falling, being attenuated), and it shouldn’t have been. It shouldn’t have happened given the way we--you understood how these interactions took place between the atoms and sound waves. And so we developed a theory to explain that. And it’s quite well known…The phenomena was: if you sent sound--and you just pulse helium create a sound wave and the sound travels through, and the sound waves are called phonons. And it travels through helium. Of course it dies down after a while. It’s like sound dies off. But there was at one point at a certain level of phonon energy, the sound just sort of dropped off. It’s called anomalous dispersion. Why should that hap--what happened at that point? And we--and there was a process in the liquid he--the only way--It shouldn’t have. There was just no way you could conserve energy and momentum, which you have to in anything, and have that happen. Because there was a process that this phonon could--How could it lose energy? It could split into two phonons, three phonons. Each one [would] have less energy or be dispersed in another direction. And so we show--And this turned out it was based on what I brought to it was work I had done in my thesis. We showed that, in fact, there was a way this three phonon process could take place and conserve energy and momentum. Because of some anomaly in something called the liquid structure function, which I had calculated. And we knew there was this anomaly in the liquid structure function. But we didn’t [see how to] relate it. And so we explained that. And it was a big deal. It was a big deal. 188
ScienceMakers Spotlight: Ronald E. Mickens Full Name: Ronald Elbert Mickens Born: February 7, 1943 Place: Petersburg, VA Parents: Daisy Mickens Joseph Mickens Spouse: Maria Kelker Education: Peabody High School - Petersburg, VA (1960) Fisk University - Nashville, TN (B.A. Physics, 1964) Vanderbilt University - Nashville, TN (Ph.D. Physics, 1968) Type of Science: Particle Physics, Mathematics Achievements: Worked on nonlinear, ordinary differential equations Authored textbooks for advanced mathematics students Favorites: Color: Black Quote: “It wasn’t me.” Time of Year: Anytime I can get up in the morning. Biography Ronald Elbert Mickens was born in Petersburg, Virginia, on February 7, 1943, to Daisy and Joseph Mickens. Mickens spent much of his youth with his maternal grandparents; his grandfather was responsible for introducing him to science. By the time Mickens was eight years old, he knew he wanted to become a scientist. He graduated from the Peabody High School in Petersburg, Virginia, a few months after his seventeenth birthday. Mickens entered Fisk University with a full scholarship, where he studied chemistry, mathematics, and physics. Graduating in 1964 with his B.A. degree in physics, Mickens entered the Ph.D. program at Vanderbilt University; in 1968, he received his Ph.D. in theoretical physics. Elected to Sigma Chi and Phi Beta Kappa, Mickens also won a Woodrow Wilson Fellowship, a Dansworth Fellowship, and a National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship, which allowed him to 189
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ScienceMakers DVD Toolkit Table of
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Index of Experiments by Scientific
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convenience. The DVD itself contain
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After his time in the Army ended, A
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After you’ve had a successful lau
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ScienceMakers Spotlight: Ralph Gard
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10. Dr. Gardner-Chavis talks about
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Ralph Gardner-Chavis - Video Clip T
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getting on and off per second. So t
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Washington, D.C., in 1964. Lester d
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15. Dr. Lester talks about close-co
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William Lester, Jr. - Video Clip Tr
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same kinds of equations arise also
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Massie attended Iowa State Universi
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Experiment - Floating Soap Bubbles
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ScienceMakers Spotlight: Isiah M. W
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Science: 8. What do you think a che
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Clip 3 - Infl uential Teachers: I g
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ScienceMakers Spotlight: Bobby L. W
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8. What did Dr. Wilson plan to stud
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So I had been turned off by sicknes
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Center, an organization designed to
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What do I do? 1. Fill the pan with
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Clip 5 - The U.S. Geological Survey
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ScienceMakers Spotlight: Warren M.
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7. Dr. Washington talks about a fav
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same way when you blow into the Win
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ScienceMakers Spotlight: Joanne Ber
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12. Dr. Berger-Sweeney tries to dis
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ScienceMakers Spotlight: Wayne Bowe
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Additional Resources There is an ex
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ScienceMakers Spotlight: James Bowm
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10. Dr. Bowman joined the faculty o
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11. Label your chromosomes with the
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8. Fertilize the egg and sperm by c
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so we thought we could make it. So
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Cooper’s research on invertebrate
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Analysis 1. Did the solution(s) aff
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Counter also had a very active care
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Experiment - Mapping the Homonculus
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Concept Application In the applicat
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Clip 5 - Using MRI for Research: I
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ScienceMakers Spotlight: Shelia Gri
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10. Why is it important to perform
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Small Intestine - Remove the small
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Clip 4 - Importance of Work: Well,
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Computational Biology and the Devel
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Experiment - Can You Feel The Diffe
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in the Graduate School of Arts and
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ScienceMakers Spotlight: Shawna Nes
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10. Dr. Nesbitt conducted a LIFE st
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ScienceMakers Spotlight: Roderic Pe
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10. Dr. Pettigrew specializes in no
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ScienceMakers Spotlight: Cecil Pick
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10. Dr. Pickett continued his resea
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a. Add 1 drop of sodium hydroxide t
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Taylor was appointed bacteriology i
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• Glo Germ lotion • Black light
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- Why didn’t some of you get sick
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ut I said, I’ll get a company car
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while at Illinois Institute of Tech
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Antibodies - compounds produced by
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ScienceMakers Spotlight: Luther S.
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7. Dr. Williams has worked with the
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3. “Edible Cell” Activity Now t
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ScienceMakers Spotlight: Alfred Bro
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6. Dr. Brothers talks about educati
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concepts as you present them.” He
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Page 139 and 140: 6. Dr. Terry has unusual stories ab
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Page 143 and 144: group that came into NASA at that t
Page 145 and 146: ScienceMakers Spotlight: Clayton Ba
Page 147 and 148: 8. Dr. Bates and Dr. Walter Massey
Page 149 and 150: I’ve never been set back by failu
Page 151 and 152: where he would stay for the next tw
Page 153 and 154: Use a small piece of tape to make a
Page 155 and 156: Clip 4 - Going to Bell Labs: Basica
Page 157 and 158: physical science class; he graduate
Page 159 and 160: greater than the can is able to wit
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Page 163 and 164: Science: 8. What do you think a phy
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Page 173 and 174: courage I had and I went back to hi
Page 175 and 176: Clip 8 - How I Want to be Remembere
Page 177 and 178: Jackson attended Roosevelt High Sch
Page 179 and 180: General Rules Each player gets to c
Page 181 and 182: campus because of having few social
Page 183 and 184: In 1993, Massey was appointed Provo
Page 185 and 186: Learning Objectives • Experiment
Page 187: Walter Massey - Video Clip Transcri
Page 191 and 192: Science: 12. What do you think a ph
Page 193 and 194: Now to go beyond the natural freque
Page 195 and 196: split that atom. You chop it. Do yo
Page 197 and 198: Graduating from Arsenal High School
Page 199 and 200: Instructions: Rockets can liftoff f
Page 201 and 202: Carl Spight - Video Clip Transcript
Page 203 and 204: ScienceMakers Spotlight: Herman Whi
Page 205 and 206: 9. Dr. White would like people to t
Page 207 and 208: In science, we usually measure usin
Page 209 and 210: physics. They would talk particular
Page 211 and 212: The HistoryMakers ® ScienceMakers
Page 213 and 214: How we choose the winner: The video
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Page 217 and 218: Getting the Word Out Publicizing an
Page 219 and 220: 219 Oral History Guidelines
Page 221 and 222: National Science Content Standards
Page 223 and 224: • Each kind of atom or molecule c
Page 225 and 226: D. Earth and Space Science - Earth
Page 227 and 228: H.F.6 Science and technology in loc
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ScienceMakers Toolkit Manual - The History Makers

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