PDF file: History - Advanced Higher - Germany - Education Scotland
PDF file: History - Advanced Higher - Germany - Education Scotland
PDF file: History - Advanced Higher - Germany - Education Scotland
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Part E: Economic Crisis and Hyper-inflation<br />
1923 proved to be a very troubled year for the Republic, a year in which troubles in<br />
<strong>Germany</strong> and foreign pressure combined to being about a major crisis. The reactions<br />
of political parties and the Army to the crisis showed how insecure the Republic’s<br />
foundations were. The crisis was weathered and brought to the fore the man who was<br />
to be Weimar’s leading statesmen - Gustav Stressemann. Events included Adolf<br />
Hitler’s first bid for power.<br />
Notes should be made on the following aspects:<br />
1. Trying to meet Allied demands?<br />
This involves considering:<br />
(i) The final reparations bill presented to <strong>Germany</strong><br />
(ii) Economic problems in <strong>Germany</strong> i.e.<br />
- Debates<br />
- Wartime losses<br />
- The need to tackle post-war problems<br />
- The difficulty of enforcing a strict taxation policy<br />
- Signs of inflation<br />
(iii) The Wirth Government and the policy of ‘fulfilment’<br />
(iv) Von Seeckt and the Army policy of avoiding military restrictions<br />
(v) The Treaty of Rapallo and avoidance of restrictions.<br />
2. The occupation of the Ruhr<br />
This involves considering:<br />
(i) German inability to meet reparation demands<br />
(ii) Poincaré and the Franco-Belgian occupation<br />
(iii) The Cuno Government and passive resistance<br />
(iv) The use of French workers; violence, strikes and sabotage.<br />
3. Inflation<br />
This involves considering:<br />
(i) How the Ruhr occupation worsened the state of the economy<br />
(ii) Price rises and the fall in value of the Mark<br />
(iii) Who benefited<br />
(iv) Damage done to wages, savings and attitudes to the Republic.<br />
4. Reactions in <strong>Germany</strong><br />
This involves considering:<br />
(i) Bavaria as a shelter for Patriotic League paramilitaries<br />
(ii) Von Kahn’s policies<br />
(iii) Army attitudes to events in Bavaria<br />
(iv) Army intervention to remove left-wing governments in Saxony and<br />
Thuringia<br />
(v) Stressemann, his career and personality<br />
(vi) Stressemann resumes reparation payments<br />
(vii) Hitler’s Munich Putsch and its consequences.<br />
<strong>History</strong>: <strong>Germany</strong>: Versailles to the Outbreak of World War II - 1918-1939 (AH) 19
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