A Current Bibliography on African Affairs - Baywood Publishing

408 / A CURRENT BIBLIOGRAPHY ON AFRICAN AFFAIRS
1367. Harry, T. C., and M. Sillis. OUTCOME OF PARTNER NOTIFICATION OF
HIV INFECTION IN A PROVINCIAL CLINIC IN EAST ANGLIA, UK. International
Journal of STD and AIDS. 2008, 19(1):53-54.
A retrospective study of outcome of partner notification and contact tracing in the cohort
of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients seen in the Bure Clinic from 1997 to 2004 was
undertaken. Caucasian heterosexual men, mostly oil workers who acquire their infections
elsewhere, contribute to the low partner notification index. To date, non-B clade virus has
not been transmitted locally among newly diagnosed patients seen from our low
sero-prevalence catchment population.
1368. Haubek, D. et al. RISK OF AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS IN ADOLES-
CENT CARRIERS OF THE JP2 CLONE OF AGGREGATIBACTER (ACTINOBACIL-
LUS) ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS IN MOROCCO: A PROSPECTIVE LONGI-
TUDINAL COHORT STUDY. The Lancet. 2008, 371(9608):237-242.
Periodontitis is a loss of supporting connective tissue and alveolar bone around teeth, and
if it occurs in an aggressive form it can lead to tooth loss before the age of 20 years.
Although the cause of periodontitis in general remains elusive, a particular clone (JP2) of
the gram-negative rod Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans is considered
a possible aetiological agent of the aggressive form in adolescents living in or
originating from north and west Africa, where the disease is highly prevalent. We did a
population-based longitudinal study of adolescents to assess the role of the JP2 clone in the
initiation of aggressive periodontitis. The JP2 clone of A actinomycetemcomitans is likely
to be an important aetiological agent in initiation of periodontal attachment loss in children
and adolescents. Co-occurrence of non-JP2 clones of A actinomycetemcomitans reduces
the risk of development of periodontitis, suggesting competition for the ecological niche
between the JP2 and non-JP2 clones of this species.
1369. Hawkridge, T. et al. SAFETY AND IMMUNOGENICITY OF A NEW
TUBERCULOSIS VACCINE, MVA85A, IN HEALTHY ADULTS IN SOUTH AFRICA.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2008, 198(4):544-552.
The efficacy of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) may be enhanced by heterologous
vaccination strategies that boost the BCG-primed immune response. One leading booster
vaccine, MVA85A (where “MVA” denotes “modified vaccinia virus Ankara”), has
shown promising safety and immunogenicity in human trials performed in the United
Kingdom. We investigated the safety and immunogenicity of MVA85A in mycobacteriaexposed—but
Mycobacterium tuberculosis-uninfected—healthy adults from a region of
South Africa where TB is endemic. The excellent safety profile and quantitative and
qualitative immunogenicity data strongly support further trials assessing the efficacy of
MVA85A as a boosting vaccine in countries where TB is endemic.
1370. Hodgson, A et al. A PHASE II, RANDOMIZED STUDY ON AN INVESTI-
GATIONAL DTPw-HBV/Hib-MenAC CONJUGATE VACCINE ADMINISTERED TO
INFANTS IN NORTHERN GHANA. PLoS ONE. 2008, 3(5):e2159.
Combining meningococcal vaccination with routine immunization in infancy may
reduce the burden of meningococcal meningitis, especially in the meningitis belt of Africa.
We have evaluated the immunogenicity, persistence of immune response, immune memory
and safety of an investigational DTPw-HBV/Hib-MenAC conjugate vaccine given to