Parasites and Biliary stones

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Relationship between Ascaris and biliary stones ٩٤ (Kamath et al., 1986). Endoscopy or ERCP may reveal an adult worm ranging in length from a few centimeters to over 20cm (Chen et al., 1986 and Manialawi et al., 1986). Cholangiography demonstrates a parallel, cylindrical filling defect in the bile ducts. Injection of contrast can occasionally prompt the worm to migrate out of the bile duct (Leung, 1997).
Relationship between clonorchis sinensis and biliary stones ٩٥ Relationship between clonorchis sinensis and biliary stones When larvae of C. sinensis reach the biliary system and mature, the flukes provoke pathological changes, both as a result of local trauma and of toxic irritation. The appearances vary with duration and severity of the infestation, but they are sufficiently distinctive and characteristic to allow a classification into four phases as follows; 1st phase, desquamation of epithelial cells, 2nd phase, hyperplasia and desquamation of epithelial cells, 3rd phase, hyperplasia and desquamation of epithelial cells, and adenomatous tissue formation, and 4 th phase, marked proliferation of the periductal connective tissue with scattered abortive acini of epithelial cells and fibrosis of the wall of the bile duct (Min, 1984). Heavy infestation results in obstructive jaundice and has a close relationship with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis and cholangiocarcinoma (Lim, 1990). Biliary infestation by Clonorchis sinensis leads to inflammation of the biliary epithelium, enhancing mucin secretion and providing a nidus for stone formation together with fragments of parasites and/or their eggs (Chen et al., 1984). Clonorchiasis is a parasitic disease of the bile ducts that occurs in endemic areas after ingestion of the raw flesh of freshwater fish. The echogenic foci which present in US distinguished from stones because they were fusiform, weak in echogenicity, and floated with a change in position. Clonorchiasis should be considered when sonography discloses the characteristic pattern of bile duct dilatation with increased wall echogenicity and non shadowing, discrete, echogenic foci in the gallbladder lumen (Lim et al., 1989).
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Parasites and Biliary stones Essay
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Dedication TO MY BELOVED DEAR MOTHE
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Abstract Gall stone disease remains
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MTBE : ML : Methyl tertiary butyl e
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Figure (14): Cystic echinococcosis:
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List of tables Table (1): Diagnosis
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Introduction ٢ Clonorchis sinensis
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Billiary parasites ٤ Billiary para
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Billiary parasites ٦ Treatment: Fi
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Ascariasis ٨ Ascariasis Ascariasis
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Ascariasis ١٠ migration. Symptoms
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Ascariasis ١٢ conditions, includi
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Fascioliasis ١٤ (Acuna-Soto and B
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Fascioliasis ١٦ can demonstrate p
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Fascioliasis ١٨ which is more phy
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Fascioliasis ٢٠ Figure (5): ERCP
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Clonorchiasis ٢٢ Clonorchiasis Cl
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Clonorchiasis ٢٤ correlate with t
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Clonorchiasis ٢٦ end is broad and
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Clonorchiasis ٢٨ 2003). Ultrasono
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Clonorchiasis ٣٠ The main indicat
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Opisthorchiasis ٣٢ Life cycle: Th
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Opisthorchiasis ٣٤ periductal fib
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Opisthorchiasis ٣٦ (Sirisinha, 19
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Dicrocoeliasis ٣٨ ganglion (brain
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Dicrocoeliasis ٤٠ assay for egg d
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Echinococcosis ٤٢ Echinococcosis
Page 56 and 57: Echinococcosis ٤٤ Adult worm infe
Page 58 and 59: Echinococcosis ٤٦ metacestodes in
Page 60 and 61: Echinococcosis ٤٨ Figure (15) (a)
Page 62 and 63: Echinococcosis ٥٠ relapsed after
Page 64 and 65: Cryptosporidiosis ٥٢ Cryptosporid
Page 66 and 67: Cryptosporidiosis ٥٤ malnutrition
Page 68 and 69: Cryptosporidiosis ٥٦ levels. If t
Page 70 and 71: Giardiasis ٥٨ the alkaline, prote
Page 72 and 73: Giardiasis ٦٠ diagnosis must be c
Page 74 and 75: Giardiasis ٦٢ used for 14 days (B
Page 76 and 77: Gallbladder stones ٦٤ stage is es
Page 78 and 79: Gallbladder stones ٦٦ Complicatio
Page 80 and 81: Gallbladder stones ٦٨ 25% within
Page 82 and 83: Choledocholithiasis ٧٠ encountere
Page 84 and 85: Choledocholithiasis ٧٢ The sympto
Page 86 and 87: Choledocholithiasis ٧٤ Patients w
Page 88 and 89: Choledocholithiasis ٧٦ and ERCP (
Page 90 and 91: Choledocholithiasis ٧٨ Figure (16
Page 92 and 93: Treatment of calcular obstructive j
Page 98 and 99: Hepatolithiasis ٨٦ aerobes, sugge
Page 100 and 101: Hepatolithiasis ٨٨ Clinical pictu
Page 102 and 103: Hepatolithiasis ٩٠ dilatation). T
Page 104 and 105: Hepatolithiasis ٩٢ Hepatic resect
Page 108 and 109: Relationship between clonorchis sin
Page 110 and 111: Relationship between opisthorchiasi
Page 112 and 113: Relationship between Echinococcosis
Page 114 and 115: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopanc
Page 150 and 151: Summary and conclusion ١٣٨ Paras
Page 152 and 153: References ١٤٠ Aliperti G. (1996
Page 154 and 155: References ١٤٢ Badie, A. and Rod
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References ١٤٤ Binmoeller KF, Se
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References ١٤٦ Campo R, Manga-Go
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References ١٤٨ Cheung KL and Lai
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References ١٥٠ Costamagna G, Sha
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References ١٥٢ Ditrich O, Palkov
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References ١٥٤ Elkins DB, Mairia
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References ١٥٦ Flanagan PA. (199
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References ١٥٨ Giurgiu DIN and R
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References ١٦٠ Harinasuta C and
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References ١٦٢ Hixson LJ, Fenner
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References ١٦٤ Jastak JT and Pes
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References ١٦٦ Kaufman HS, Magnu
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References ١٦٨ Koumanidou C, Man
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References ١٧٠ Leung J, Sung JY,
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References ١٧٢ Lujan HD, Mowatt
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References ١٧٤ Menghebat L, Jian
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References ١٧٦ Nagano I, Pei F,
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References ١٧٨ relationship to t
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References ١٨٠ Ponchon T, Gagnon
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References ١٨٢ Rim HJ, Lyu KS, L
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References ١٨٤ Sato T, Suzuki N,
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References ١٨٦ Shemesh E, Czerni
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References ١٨٨ Stapfer M, Selby
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References ١٩٠ sphincterotomy in
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References ١٩٢ Upatham ES, Brokl
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References ١٩٤ Wermke W and Borg
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References ١٩٦ ProspecT Giardia
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تﺎﻗﺎﻨﺘﺧﻹا ﻦﻳﻮ
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ﺔﻳراﺮﻤﻟا تاﻮﺼﺤ
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Parasites and Biliary stones

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