Parasites and Biliary stones

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ١١٩
than the bile duct. 85% of pancreatic cancers can be detected by this
method.If there are strictures of both the bile duct and the pancreatic duct,
brush cytology sampling from both ducts increases the diagnostic yield.
Sawada et al. (1989) found an increase from 47% to 72% in the detection
of pancreatic cancer if both ducts were sampled compared to the
pancreatic duct alone.
Figure (21): Single lumen Geenen cytology catheter with 3.5-cm brush (Byrne and
Jowell, 2003)
Figure (22)
(A) Double lumen cytology catheter.
(B) Magnified image of 3.5-cm brush and wire.(Quoted from Byrne and
Jowell, 2003).