Parasites and Biliary stones

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ١٠١
Endoscopic Retrograde
Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
Historical aspect:
McCune et al 1968 First successful cannulation of bile
and pancreatic duct using an
endoscope.
Demling et al 1974 First papillotomy
Classen and Demling 1974 (Using a high frequency diathermy
snare) and stone extraction from the
common bile duct.
Kawai et al 1973 First papillotomy in Japan (using a
diathermy blade).
Zimmon et al 1975 New therapeutic trial for patients
with bile duct stones and removal
after sphincterotomy.
Table (2): Historical aspect of ERCP
ERCP was first reported in 1968 and was soon accepted as a safe,
direct technique for evaluating biliary and pancreatic disease (Kawai et
al., 1974). ERCP is not indicated in the evaluation of abdominal pain of
obscure origin in the absence of other objective findings, suggesting
biliary-tract disease (Pasricha, 2002). It is valuable in diagnosis and
treatment of pancreatic and biliary diseases with less morbidity than
surgery (Cohen et al., 1996).
Indications:
Biliary tract disease:
Cholangioscopy at ERCP is used infrequently but may be helpful in
the management of bile-duct stones and in assessing suspected
malignancies (Kozarek et al., 2003). Choledocholithiasis is the most