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Chlamydia PCR 135 3. Everett, K. D. E., Bush, R. M., and Andersen, A. A. (1999) Emended description of the order Chlamydiales, proposal of Parachlamydiaceae fam. nov. and Simkaniaceae fam. nov., each containing one monotypic genus, revised taxonomy of the family Chlamydiaceae, including a new genus and five new species, and standards for the identification of organisms. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 49, 415–440. 4. Kaleta, E. F. (1997) Aktuelle Fragen der Diagnose und Bekämpfung der Psittakose. Tierärztl. Umschau 52, 36–44. 5. Vanrompay, D., Ducatelle, R., and Haesebrouck, F. (1995) Chlamydia psittaci infections: a review with emphasis on avian chlamydiosis. Vet. Microbiol. 45, 93–119. 6. Aitken, I. D. (2000) Chlamydial abortion, in Diseases of sheep (Martin, W. B., and Aitken, I. D., eds.), Blackwell Science, Oxford, UK, pp. 81–86. 7. Buxton, D. (1986) Potential danger to pregnant women of Chlamydia psittaci from sheep. Vet. Rec. 118, 510–511. 8. Kampigna, G. A., Schroder, F. P., Visser, I. J., Anderson, J. M., Buxton, D., and Moller, A. V. (2000) Lambing ewes as a source of severe psittacosis in a pregnant woman. Ned. Tijdschr. Geneeskd. 144, 2500–2504. 9. Storz, J., and Kaltenböck, B. (1993) Diversity of chlamydia-induced diseases, in Rickettsial and Chlamydial Diseases of Domestic Animals (Woldehiwet, Z. and Ristic, M., eds.), Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK, pp. 363–393. 10. Wittenbrink, M. M., Schoon, H. A., Bisping, W., and Binder, A. (1993) Infection of the bovine female genital tract with Chlamydia psittaci as a possible cause of infertility. Reprod. Dom. Anim. 28, 129–136. 11. Wittenbrink, M. M., Wen, X., Böhmer, N., Amtsberg, G., and Binder, A. (1991) Bakteriologische Untersuchungen zum Vorkommen von Chlamydia psittaci in Organen von Schweinen und abortierten Schweinefeten. J. Vet. Med. B38, 411–420. 12. Szeredi, L., Schiller, I., Sydler, T., et al. (1996) Intestinal Chlamydia in finishing pigs. Vet. Pathol. 33, 369–374. 13. Thejls, H., Gnarpe, J., Gnarpe, H., Larsson, P. G., Platz-Christensen, J. J., Östergaard, L., and Victor, A. (1994) Expanded gold standard in the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis in a low-prevalence population: diagnostic efficacy of tissue culture, direct immunofluorescence, enzyme immunoassay, PCR and serology. Genitourin. Med. 70, 300–303. 14. Vanrompay, D., Ducatelle, R., and Haesebrouck, F. (1992) Diagnosis of avian chlamydiosis: specificity of the modified Gimenez staining on smears and comparison of the sensitivity of isolation in eggs and three different cell cultures. J. Vet. Med. B39, 105–112. 15. Vanrompay, D., van Nerom, A., Ducatelle, R., and Haesebrouck, F. (1994) Evaluation of five immunoassays for detection of Chlamydia psittaci in cloacal and conjunctival specimens from turkeys. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32, 1470–1474. 16. Anonymous (1996) Avian Chlamydiosis, in O.I.E. Manual of Standards for Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines, 3rd edition Ch. 3.6.4., Office International des Epizooties, Paris, France, pp. 526–530.
136 Sachse and Hotzel 17. Longbottom, D., Psarrou, E., Livingstone, M., and Vretou, E. (2001) Diagnosis of ovine enzootic abortion using an indirect ELISA (rOMP91B iELISA) based on a recombinant protein fragment of the polymorphic outer membrane protein POMP91B of Chlamydophila abortus. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 195, 157–161. 18. Messmer, T. O., Skelton, S. K., Moroney, J. F., Daugharty, H., and Fields, B. S. (1997) Application of a nested, multiplex PCR to psittacosis outbreaks. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35, 2043–2046. 19. Everett, K. D. E., and Andersen, A. A. (1999). Identification of nine species of the Chlamydiaceae using RFLP-PCR. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 49, 803–813. 20. Madico, G., Quinn, T. C., Bomann, J., and Gaydos, C. A. (2000) Touchdown enzyme release-PCR for detection and identification of Chlamydia trachomatis, C. pneumoniae, and C. psittaci using the 16S and 16S–23S spacer rRNA genes. J. Clin. Microbiol. 38, 1085–1093. 21. Kaltenböck, B., Schmeer, N., and Schneider, R. (1997) Evidence for numerous omp1 alleles of porcine Chlamydia trachomatis and novel chlamydial species obtained by PCR. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35, 1835–1841. 22. Yoshida, H., Kishi, Y., Shiga, S., and Hagiwara, T. (1998) Differentiation of Chlamydia species by combined use of polymerase chain reaction and restriction endonuclease analysis. Microbiol. Immunol. 42, 411–414. 23. Sachse, K. and Hotzel, H. (2001) Unpublished results.
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TM Methods in Molecular Biology VOL
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4 Sachse 2. Selection of Target Seq
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Table 1 Target Sequences Used in PC
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8 Sachse Fig. 1. Structural organiz
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10 Sachse proteins (66-68), invasio
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12 Sachse Since there appears to be
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14 Sachse In the context of identif
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16 Sachse to partially compensate t
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18 Sachse nostic potential of PCR.
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20 Sachse product has to be confirm
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22 Sachse 7. van Camp, G., Fierens,
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24 Sachse 33. Rappelli, P., Are, R.
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26 Sachse 60. Furrer, B., Candrian,
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28 Sachse 89. Bloch, W. (1991) A bi
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30 Sachse
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32 Rådström et al. Fig. 1. Illust
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34 Rådström et al. immunoglobulin
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36 Rådström et al. and the captur
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Table 2 Comparison of the Performan
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40 Rådström et al. explain these
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42 Rådström et al. 5.1. Proteins
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44 Rådström et al. neous. Consequ
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46 Rådström et al. 11. Powell, H.
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48 Rådström et al. 39. Katcher, H
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50 Rådström et al. 73. Nagai, M.,
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52 Hoorfar and Cook 2. FOOD-PCR: A
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54 Hoorfar and Cook Fig. 2. Practic
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56 Hoorfar and Cook Fig. 4. The str
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Table 58 3 Hoorfar and Cook Test Co
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60 Hoorfar and Cook The choosing an
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62 Hoorfar and Cook 10. Demanding L
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64 Hoorfar and Cook 15. Anon. (1995
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66 Lübeck and Hoorfar ods for the
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68 Lübeck and Hoorfar amplificatio
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70 Lübeck and Hoorfar It may be ne
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72 Lübeck and Hoorfar specificity
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74 Lübeck and Hoorfar The latter i
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76 Lübeck and Hoorfar A simple che
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78 Lübeck and Hoorfar 13. Hanai, K
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80 Lübeck and Hoorfar 43. Mitchell
Page 81 and 82: 82 Lübeck and Hoorfar 70. Lawrence
Page 83 and 84: 84 Lübeck and Hoorfar 98. Lantz, P
Page 85 and 86: 88 Frey Table 1 Presence of the Var
Page 87 and 88: 90 Frey 13. Lysis buffer: 100 mM Tr
Page 89 and 90: 92 Frey as template for PCR. In add
Page 91 and 92: 94 Frey strains, including all sero
Page 93 and 94: 96 Frey
Page 95 and 96: 98 Ewalt and Bricker (named for the
Page 97 and 98: 100 Ewalt and Bricker 4. Ethidium b
Page 99 and 100: 102 Ewalt and Bricker Primer Cockta
Page 101 and 102: 104 Ewalt and Bricker Fig. 2. Typic
Page 103 and 104: 106 Ewalt and Bricker with betaine
Page 105 and 106: 108 Ewalt and Bricker unused ethidi
Page 107 and 108: 110 Englen et al. which campylobact
Page 109 and 110: 112 Englen et al. 18. Dehydrated cu
Page 111 and 112: 114 Englen et al. 3.1.3. Fecal Samp
Page 113 and 114: 116 Englen et al. respectively), an
Page 115 and 116: 118 Englen et al. Fig. 1. Identific
Page 117 and 118: 120 Englen et al. 3. Goossens, H.,
Page 119 and 120: 122 Englen et al.
Page 121 and 122: 124 Sachse and Hotzel Table 1 Compa
Page 123 and 124: 126 Sachse and Hotzel Table 2 Prime
Page 125 and 126: 128 Sachse and Hotzel 7. Phenol: sa
Page 127 and 128: 130 Sachse and Hotzel 4. Vortex mix
Page 129 and 130: 132 Sachse and Hotzel Fig. 2. Speci
Page 131: 134 Sachse and Hotzel In the latter
Page 135 and 136: 138 Popoff spastic paralysis. The g
Page 137 and 138: Table 3 Primers for Toxin Gene Dete
Page 139 and 140: 142 Popoff 18. Agarose gel loading
Page 141 and 142: 144 Popoff Taq reaction buffer 1X,
Page 143 and 144: 146 Popoff almost all C. perfringen
Page 145 and 146: 148 Popoff 2. Add to each PCR tube
Page 147 and 148: 150 Popoff 7. Hielm, S., Hyyttia, E
Page 149 and 150: 152 Popoff 35. Wieckowski, E., Bill
Page 151 and 152: 154 Berri et al. 2. Materials 1. C.
Page 153 and 154: 156 Berri et al. 3.3.2. Vaginal Swa
Page 155 and 156: 158 Berri et al. Fig. 1. Trans-PCR.
Page 157 and 158: 160 Berri et al. Fig. 3. Sensitivit
Page 159 and 160: 162 Berri et al.
Page 161 and 162: 164 Gallien The first description o
Page 163 and 164: 166 Gallien
Page 165 and 166: 168 Gallien 2. Materials 2.1. Bacte
Page 167 and 168: 170 Gallien 10. Ethidium bromide: 1
Page 169 and 170: Table 2 Components (in µL) of 25-
Page 171 and 172: Table 4 Components (in µL) of 25-
Page 173 and 174: 176 Gallien 3.3. Specific Isolation
Page 175 and 176: Table 6 PCR Conditions for Subtypin
Page 177 and 178: 180 Gallien Fig. 3. Photographic im
Page 179 and 180: 182 Gallien 3. Boyce, T. G., Swerdl
Page 181 and 182: 184 Gallien enteropathogenic E. col
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186 O'Connor This chapter will desc
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188 O'Connor 2.2. PCR of Enriched F
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190 O'Connor 4. Notes 1. In enrichi
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192 O'Connor 4. O’Sullivan, N., F
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194 Lester and LeFebvre titers (4).
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196 Lester and LeFebvre 3.1.2. Samp
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Fig. 1. Sensitivity of the PCR assa
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200 Lester and LeFebvre 5. Swart, K
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202 Skuce et al. Table 1 Significan
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204 Skuce et al. commercial kits. E
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206 Skuce et al. Fig. 1. Schematic
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208 Skuce et al. 5. Disposable ster
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210 Skuce et al. 2.5.2. Sequence An
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212 Skuce et al. 2. Carefully trans
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Table 4 Recommended PCR Amplificati
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216 Skuce et al. Fig. 3. PCR produc
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218 Skuce et al. Fig. 5. Spoligotyp
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220 Skuce et al. 14. Aranaz, A., Li
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222 Skuce et al.
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224 Khan Simultaneous detection of
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226 Khan 10. Incubate for 20 min at
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228 Khan 5. Periodically, multiplex
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230 Khan
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232 Hotzel et al. tis (2). Particul
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234 Hotzel et al. 8. Sodium dodecyl
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236 Hotzel et al. 3. Methods 3.1. D
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238 Hotzel et al. 3.1.5. Semen (see
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240 Hotzel et al. Fig. 1 Detection
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242 Hotzel et al. 4. Notes 1. The u
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244 Hotzel et al. in Mycoplasma Pro
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246 Hotzel et al.
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248 Kobisch and Frey PCR assay to d
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250 Kobisch and Frey Table 1 Oligon
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252 Kobisch and Frey 3.2.1. Prepara
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254 Kobisch and Frey First round of
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256 Kobisch and Frey References 1.
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258 Christensen et al. thrombotic m
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260 Christensen et al. Table 1 Spec
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Table 2 Oligonucleotide Primers for
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264 Christensen et al. 3.2. Extract
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Table 3 PCR Protocols for the Patho
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268 Christensen et al. 2. Apply fra
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270 Christensen et al. 7. To reduce
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272 Christensen et al. 24. Fisher,
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274 Christensen et al. 54. Hunt, M.
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276 Malorny and Helmuth valent meta
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278 Malorny and Helmuth 12. Apparat
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280 Malorny and Helmuth 3.3. Amplif
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282 Malorny and Helmuth Table 2 Vol
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284 Malorny and Helmuth Table 4 PCR
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286 Malorny and Helmuth 3. Wallace,
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288 Malorny and Helmuth
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290 Wastling and Mattsson is an imp
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292 Wastling and Mattsson 2. Remove
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294 Wastling and Mattsson Fig. 1. B
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296 Wastling and Mattsson time PCR
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298 Wastling and Mattsson
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300 Pozio and La Rosa Table 1 Princ
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302 Pozio and La Rosa regions; spot
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304 Pozio and La Rosa 3. Proteinase
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306 Pozio and La Rosa Table 3 PCR-R
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308 Pozio and La Rosa 2. Pepsin sho
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310 Pozio and La Rosa
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312 Knutsson and Rådström The ref
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314 Knutsson and Rådström Fig. 1.
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316 Knutsson and Rådström 2.4. El
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318 Knutsson and Rådström the swa
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320 Knutsson and Rådström Fig. 3.
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322 Knutsson and Rådström 4. Alek
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324 Knutsson and Rådström 34. Hee
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