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Hemophilus, Mannheimia, and Pasturella PCR 273 38. Appuhamy, S., Parton, R., Coote, J. G. and Gibbs, H. A. (1997) Genomic fingerprinting of Haemophilus somnus by a combination of PCR methods. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35, 288–291. 39. Petras, S. F., Chidambaram, M., Illyes, E. F., Froshauer, S., Weinstock, G. M. and Reese, C. (1995) Antigenic and virulence properties of Pasteurella hemolytica leukotoxin mutants. Infect. Immunol. 63, 1033–1039 40. Highlander, S. K., Fedorova, N. D., Dusek, D. M., Panciera, R., Alvarez, L. E. and Rinehart, C. (2000) Inactivation of Pasteurella (Mannheimia) hemolytica leukotoxin causes partial attenuation of virulence in a calf challenge model. Infect. Immunol. 68, 3916–3922. 41. Murphy, G. L., Whitworth, L. C., Clinkenbeard, K. D. and Clinkenbeard, P.A. (1995) Hemolytic activity of the Pasteurella hemolytica leukotoxin. Infect. Immunol. 63, 3209–3212. 42. Fedorova, N. D., Highlander, S. K. (1997) Generation of targeted nonpolar gene insertions and operon fusions in Pasteurella hemolytica and creation of a strain that produces and secretes inactive leukotoxin. Infect. Immunol. 65, 2593–2598. 43. Burrows, L.L., Olah-Winfield, E. and Lo, R. Y. (1993) Molecular analysis of the leukotoxin determinants from Pasteurella hemolytica serotypes 1 to 16. Infect. Immunol. 61, 5001–5007. 44. Chang, Y. F., Ma, D. P., Shi, J. and Chengappa, M. M. (1993) Molecular characterization of a leukotoxin gene from a Pasteurella hemolytica-like organism, encoding a new member of the RTX toxin family. Infect. Immunol. 61, 2089–2095. 45. Davies, R. L., Whittam, T. S., and Selander, R. K. (2001) Sequence diversity and molecular evolution of the leukotoxin (lktA) gene in bovine and ovine strains of Mannheimia (Pasteurella) hemolytica. J. Bacteriol. 183, 1394–1404 46. Larsen, J. (unpublished). 47. Biberstein, E. L. and Gills, M. G. (1962) The relationship of the antigenic types of the A and T types of Pasteurella hemolytica. J. Comp. Pathol. 72, 316–320. 48. Jaworski, M. D., Hunter, D. L. and Ward, A. C. S. (1998) Biovariants of isolates of Pasteurella from domestic and wild ruminants. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 10, 49–55. 49. Veit, H. P., Wise, D. J., Carter, G. R. and Chengappa, M. M. (1998) Toxin production by Pasteurella granulomatis. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 849, 479–484. 50. Dewhirst, F. E., Paster, B. J., Olsen, I., and Fraser, G. J. (1993) Phylogeny of the Pasteurellaceae as determined by comparison of 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequences. Zbl. Bakt.279, 35–44. 51. Christensen, H. (unpublished). 52. Townsend, K., Gunawardana, G. A., and Briggs, R. E. (2002) PCR Identification and Typing of Pasteurella Multocida: An Update. Poster 13. International Pasteurellaceae Society Conference. Banff, AB, Canada. May 5–10, 2002. 53. Jong, M. F. De, Kamp, E., van der Schoot, A., and Banniseth, T. von (1996) Elimination of AR toxinogenic Pasteurella from infected sow herds by a combination of ART vaccination and testing sows with a PCR and ELISA test. Proceedings of the 14th IPVS Congress, Bologna, Italy, 7–10 July 1996.
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TM Methods in Molecular Biology VOL
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4 Sachse 2. Selection of Target Seq
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Table 1 Target Sequences Used in PC
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8 Sachse Fig. 1. Structural organiz
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10 Sachse proteins (66-68), invasio
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12 Sachse Since there appears to be
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14 Sachse In the context of identif
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16 Sachse to partially compensate t
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18 Sachse nostic potential of PCR.
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20 Sachse product has to be confirm
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22 Sachse 7. van Camp, G., Fierens,
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24 Sachse 33. Rappelli, P., Are, R.
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26 Sachse 60. Furrer, B., Candrian,
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28 Sachse 89. Bloch, W. (1991) A bi
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30 Sachse
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32 Rådström et al. Fig. 1. Illust
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34 Rådström et al. immunoglobulin
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36 Rådström et al. and the captur
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Table 2 Comparison of the Performan
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40 Rådström et al. explain these
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42 Rådström et al. 5.1. Proteins
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44 Rådström et al. neous. Consequ
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46 Rådström et al. 11. Powell, H.
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48 Rådström et al. 39. Katcher, H
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50 Rådström et al. 73. Nagai, M.,
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52 Hoorfar and Cook 2. FOOD-PCR: A
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54 Hoorfar and Cook Fig. 2. Practic
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56 Hoorfar and Cook Fig. 4. The str
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Table 58 3 Hoorfar and Cook Test Co
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60 Hoorfar and Cook The choosing an
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62 Hoorfar and Cook 10. Demanding L
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64 Hoorfar and Cook 15. Anon. (1995
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66 Lübeck and Hoorfar ods for the
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68 Lübeck and Hoorfar amplificatio
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70 Lübeck and Hoorfar It may be ne
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72 Lübeck and Hoorfar specificity
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74 Lübeck and Hoorfar The latter i
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76 Lübeck and Hoorfar A simple che
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78 Lübeck and Hoorfar 13. Hanai, K
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80 Lübeck and Hoorfar 43. Mitchell
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82 Lübeck and Hoorfar 70. Lawrence
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84 Lübeck and Hoorfar 98. Lantz, P
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88 Frey Table 1 Presence of the Var
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90 Frey 13. Lysis buffer: 100 mM Tr
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92 Frey as template for PCR. In add
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94 Frey strains, including all sero
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96 Frey
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98 Ewalt and Bricker (named for the
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100 Ewalt and Bricker 4. Ethidium b
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102 Ewalt and Bricker Primer Cockta
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104 Ewalt and Bricker Fig. 2. Typic
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106 Ewalt and Bricker with betaine
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108 Ewalt and Bricker unused ethidi
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110 Englen et al. which campylobact
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112 Englen et al. 18. Dehydrated cu
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114 Englen et al. 3.1.3. Fecal Samp
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116 Englen et al. respectively), an
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118 Englen et al. Fig. 1. Identific
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120 Englen et al. 3. Goossens, H.,
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122 Englen et al.
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124 Sachse and Hotzel Table 1 Compa
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126 Sachse and Hotzel Table 2 Prime
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128 Sachse and Hotzel 7. Phenol: sa
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130 Sachse and Hotzel 4. Vortex mix
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132 Sachse and Hotzel Fig. 2. Speci
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134 Sachse and Hotzel In the latter
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136 Sachse and Hotzel 17. Longbotto
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138 Popoff spastic paralysis. The g
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Table 3 Primers for Toxin Gene Dete
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142 Popoff 18. Agarose gel loading
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144 Popoff Taq reaction buffer 1X,
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146 Popoff almost all C. perfringen
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148 Popoff 2. Add to each PCR tube
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150 Popoff 7. Hielm, S., Hyyttia, E
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152 Popoff 35. Wieckowski, E., Bill
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154 Berri et al. 2. Materials 1. C.
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156 Berri et al. 3.3.2. Vaginal Swa
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158 Berri et al. Fig. 1. Trans-PCR.
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160 Berri et al. Fig. 3. Sensitivit
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162 Berri et al.
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164 Gallien The first description o
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166 Gallien
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168 Gallien 2. Materials 2.1. Bacte
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170 Gallien 10. Ethidium bromide: 1
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Table 2 Components (in µL) of 25-
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Table 4 Components (in µL) of 25-
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176 Gallien 3.3. Specific Isolation
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Table 6 PCR Conditions for Subtypin
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180 Gallien Fig. 3. Photographic im
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182 Gallien 3. Boyce, T. G., Swerdl
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184 Gallien enteropathogenic E. col
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186 O'Connor This chapter will desc
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188 O'Connor 2.2. PCR of Enriched F
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190 O'Connor 4. Notes 1. In enrichi
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192 O'Connor 4. O’Sullivan, N., F
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194 Lester and LeFebvre titers (4).
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196 Lester and LeFebvre 3.1.2. Samp
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Fig. 1. Sensitivity of the PCR assa
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200 Lester and LeFebvre 5. Swart, K
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202 Skuce et al. Table 1 Significan
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204 Skuce et al. commercial kits. E
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206 Skuce et al. Fig. 1. Schematic
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208 Skuce et al. 5. Disposable ster
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210 Skuce et al. 2.5.2. Sequence An
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212 Skuce et al. 2. Carefully trans
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Table 4 Recommended PCR Amplificati
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216 Skuce et al. Fig. 3. PCR produc
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218 Skuce et al. Fig. 5. Spoligotyp
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220 Skuce et al. 14. Aranaz, A., Li
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Page 221 and 222: 224 Khan Simultaneous detection of
Page 223 and 224: 226 Khan 10. Incubate for 20 min at
Page 225 and 226: 228 Khan 5. Periodically, multiplex
Page 227 and 228: 230 Khan
Page 229 and 230: 232 Hotzel et al. tis (2). Particul
Page 231 and 232: 234 Hotzel et al. 8. Sodium dodecyl
Page 233 and 234: 236 Hotzel et al. 3. Methods 3.1. D
Page 235 and 236: 238 Hotzel et al. 3.1.5. Semen (see
Page 237 and 238: 240 Hotzel et al. Fig. 1 Detection
Page 239 and 240: 242 Hotzel et al. 4. Notes 1. The u
Page 241 and 242: 244 Hotzel et al. in Mycoplasma Pro
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Page 245 and 246: 248 Kobisch and Frey PCR assay to d
Page 247 and 248: 250 Kobisch and Frey Table 1 Oligon
Page 249 and 250: 252 Kobisch and Frey 3.2.1. Prepara
Page 251 and 252: 254 Kobisch and Frey First round of
Page 253 and 254: 256 Kobisch and Frey References 1.
Page 255 and 256: 258 Christensen et al. thrombotic m
Page 257 and 258: 260 Christensen et al. Table 1 Spec
Page 259 and 260: Table 2 Oligonucleotide Primers for
Page 261 and 262: 264 Christensen et al. 3.2. Extract
Page 263 and 264: Table 3 PCR Protocols for the Patho
Page 265 and 266: 268 Christensen et al. 2. Apply fra
Page 267 and 268: 270 Christensen et al. 7. To reduce
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Page 273 and 274: 276 Malorny and Helmuth valent meta
Page 275 and 276: 278 Malorny and Helmuth 12. Apparat
Page 277 and 278: 280 Malorny and Helmuth 3.3. Amplif
Page 279 and 280: 282 Malorny and Helmuth Table 2 Vol
Page 281 and 282: 284 Malorny and Helmuth Table 4 PCR
Page 283 and 284: 286 Malorny and Helmuth 3. Wallace,
Page 285 and 286: 288 Malorny and Helmuth
Page 287 and 288: 290 Wastling and Mattsson is an imp
Page 289 and 290: 292 Wastling and Mattsson 2. Remove
Page 291 and 292: 294 Wastling and Mattsson Fig. 1. B
Page 293 and 294: 296 Wastling and Mattsson time PCR
Page 295 and 296: 298 Wastling and Mattsson
Page 297 and 298: 300 Pozio and La Rosa Table 1 Princ
Page 299 and 300: 302 Pozio and La Rosa regions; spot
Page 301 and 302: 304 Pozio and La Rosa 3. Proteinase
Page 303 and 304: 306 Pozio and La Rosa Table 3 PCR-R
Page 305 and 306: 308 Pozio and La Rosa 2. Pepsin sho
Page 307 and 308: 310 Pozio and La Rosa
Page 309 and 310: 312 Knutsson and Rådström The ref
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Page 313 and 314: 316 Knutsson and Rådström 2.4. El
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Page 317 and 318: 320 Knutsson and Rådström Fig. 3.
Page 319 and 320: 322 Knutsson and Rådström 4. Alek
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324 Knutsson and Rådström 34. Hee
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