In accordance with an agreement established between the company <strong>and</strong> the Grottacalda's miners to exploit the high areas of the mine, activities continued until 1963, the year of expiration of the concession. Of this important mining activity (among the largest in Sicily) now remains a vast as degraded heritage: castles in masonry, concrete drop structures located near the extraordinary Mezzena Well (Fig. 4 <strong>and</strong> 5), the so called Pozzo Gr<strong>and</strong>e built in 1868, the calcaroni (masonry furnaces), several buildings, formerly used as housing for the miners <strong>and</strong> the administrative staff, the former power station, a cinema, the buildings of the former railway station. Recently, some of these buildings have been converted to farm holidays structure by the current owners [9]. On the other h<strong>and</strong>s, with regard to the mine Floristella, the permission opening was granted on April 11, 1825 although the extraction of sulfur happened even earlier, after the discovery, in 1791, of the method of manufacture of soda obtained by treating with sulfuric acid, the common salt. This field was one of the most important mining district of Caltanissetta, not only for its productivity but also for the quality of the sulfur that was extracted: so high as to constitute a st<strong>and</strong>ard of excellence in the market. The mining area of Floristella preserves the typical l<strong>and</strong>scape of the Sicilian zolfiera. Like a great open-air museum, the huge mining complex provides a true "stratigraphy" of different eras <strong>and</strong> related systems <strong>and</strong> techniques of sulfur mining <strong>and</strong> smelting. Inside, in fact, are present <strong>and</strong> clearly visible countless galleries <strong>and</strong> about 180 discenderie (shafts) from where the sulfur was knocked down by the traditional pick to be then transported to the so-called calcarelle (a sort of circular ditches with a 1.50-2 meters diameter with an inclined plain so to allow the casting of the molten sulfur towards an opening called a morte - death - where it solidified) that are still preserved in good condition, near wells <strong>and</strong> galleries. It can also be seen what remains of industrially masonry furnaces, several examples of the so-called Gill furnaces (invented in 1880 by Robert Gill), of castles complete with winch (the oldest dating back to 1868), in addition to the ruins of service buildings arisen in the vicinity of the wells (nursing, accommodation for the miners, including the room used as a recreational club for workers). On a hill st<strong>and</strong>s the imposing Palazzo Pennisi, former residence of the owner family, which dominates the entire mining area of Floristella of which it represent the real heart (Fig. 6). Built between 1870 <strong>and</strong> 1885, initially only until the ground floor by Baron Pennisi, nobleman from Acireale, it was intended as a summer residence for the family. The Palazzo was later raised to two other plans to meet the need for accommodation of the mine manager <strong>and</strong> employees, <strong>and</strong> for setting up office facilities. It was designed to be an impregnable fortress: unable to be taken by the miners in the event of strikes <strong>and</strong> riots. For this reason, the numerous openings were equipped with louvers <strong>and</strong> inside - in addition to housing, offices, chambers of operation, an octagonal chapel, the coal cellar, barns, cellars - there are some secret safety exits that, through the cellars <strong>and</strong> two small galleries, allowed to escape from the Palace in the ridge below. The magnificence of the building <strong>and</strong> its architectural value, generate a kind of contrast with the austerity of the place, providing an immediate <strong>and</strong> exciting image of what should be the extreme social gap of that time. Fig. 4: The Pozzo Mezzena. 1097
Fig. 5: Laser scan 3D of the Pozzo Mezzena. 1098
- Page 1 and 2: Archaeology and nature: hyblean cul
- Page 3 and 4: 2. Kaukana project: territorial reg
- Page 5 and 6: The main goal of the planning inter
- Page 7 and 8: The Time of Flight 3d laser scanner
- Page 9 and 10: Fig. 12-13: The archaeological land
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- Page 15: Fig. 3: The mining site of Grottaca
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- Page 21 and 22: Le tanneries di Barjols: uno spazio
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- Page 27 and 28: Riferimenti bibliografici [1] AA.VV
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- Page 31 and 32: Fig. 4: Maiori, plan 1848. Fig. 5:
- Page 33 and 34: Fig. 8: Furore,Conca dei Marini and
- Page 35 and 36: Fig. 10: Positano. 4. The mountain
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- Page 39 and 40: The urban development of the lower
- Page 41 and 42: Fig. 2: Roman time, overlap Paget h
- Page 43 and 44: Fig. 4: 3D model, a. Greek time, b.
- Page 45 and 46: Fig. 6: Acropolis of Cuma Overlappi
- Page 47 and 48: We think that 3D PDF could be an us
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- Page 51 and 52: Cana le Pic. 3 Territorial context
- Page 53 and 54: Shape: 1. Bridge dimensions and sha
- Page 55 and 56: AUGÉ Marc. Nonluoghi - introduzion
- Page 57 and 58: productive landscape design restric
- Page 59 and 60: Tehran’s outskirt Fig.4, 5: Agric
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irrepressible expression of a cultu
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The competition titled Pylons of th
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Fig. 9: An iconographic repertory o
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Camillo Sitte meets Robert Venturi
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Fig. 1: Berlin southern beltway at
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The design of sustainability in rel
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To safeguard fertile, dynamic and a
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“The loss of place, asserts Chris
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3. Sustainable morphology as integr
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In truth, we are witnessing today -
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Recognizing Cultural Heritage for S
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emember our past. The relationship
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State’s social offer (health, edu
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Besides, the achievements of this u
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evident the impact the park had on
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