Review of the Food-borne Zoonoses Research ... - ARCHIVE: Defra

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epidemiology of Salmonella and antimicrobial-resistant E. coli. This information is a necessary requirement for the formulation of future monitoring and control policies. Poultry Research – Layers The research on non-specific and innate resistance to Salmonella infection was considered to have advanced the understanding of some of the fundamental mechanisms for establishment and clearance of Salmonella infections in chickens and pigs. This research has, therefore, contributed to the knowledge in area of innate responses to infection and the exploitation of these responses to control infection. Although at an early stage, commissioned research investigating the effect of immunosuppression at the point-of-lay on salmonella infection and immunity in laying hens will provide information at a particularly important period in the development of the laying hen, at a time when it is known that Salmonella breakdowns tend to occur. The series of epidemiological studies investigating Salmonella contamination in layer flocks and eggs has been fundamental in assisting development of policy both within UK and within EU, as it has allowed Defra to negotiate a UK position based on best available science. This ongoing research has enabled Defra to build better relationships with the industry, assisting both subsequent research and also policy development involving partnership with industry. Work is also in place to help manage the challenges to the egg industry posed by new S. Enteritidis phage types and it is hoped that this work will eventually lead to improved vaccines to control potential new strains. Porcine and Bovine Research A study of multiple-resistant S. Typhimurium DT 104 undertaken in cattle has provided a unique body of evidence on the epidemiology of Salmonella infection in cattle herds in Great Britain. It was an opportunity to study the dynamics of an epidemic Salmonella serotype in the national cattle population. Research has provided useful information on the molecular basis of Salmonella pathogenesis in cattle and pigs and has the potential to assist with control through providing data for the rational development of live vaccines. A series of epidemiological studies of Salmonella infection in pigs has contributed to the development of diagnostic tests, sampling methodology and in improving methods of control. 18
In summary, the pig research was considered to be worthwhile and should clarify many questions concerning salmonellosis in pigs, from which future control strategies can be determined. 1.2 Issues and areas of concern relating to this research Concerns were raised with one of the research projects which generated no publications. From the outset, contractors should consider how best to communicate research findings to Defra and the wider scientific community. It was noted that Defra should scrutinise proposals particularly carefully when there may be a sole supplier of materials that are essential to the success of the project. 1.3 Gaps in Research Development of Molecular Methods The improvement of typing methods is an important research area, particularly since there is a need to have a better understanding of Salmonella epidemiology. The industry needs highly reproducible, rapid, cheap methods which are specific for Salmonella and reasonably sensitive. There is a need for a more rapid but highly specific test for confirmation of Salmonella of public health significance. Poultry Research - Layers EU legislative changes will impact on the industry and Defra needs the UK negotiating stance to be based on sound science. It is likely that there will be a need for further work to address some of the new issues that will arise out of the legislation implementation. Salmonella Enteritidis remains the most important Salmonella of public health significance in the poultry industry. Historically outbreaks in poultry in UK have been associated with S. Enteritidis phage types 4, 6 and 7 which are related. It is important to the UK poultry industry to establish if the vaccines currently available are effective against other S. Enteritidis phage types prevalent in the rest of Europe. The work would contribute significantly to the evidence base and should result in improved methods of control. 19
Page 2 and 3: Contents Section A - Introduction..
Page 4 and 5: Review of the Food-borne Zoonoses (
Page 6 and 7: Plans for taking forward these prio
Page 8 and 9: Policy Objectives The key policy ob
Page 10 and 11: Figure 2. Laboratory reports of Sal
Page 12 and 13: Figure 4. Laboratory reports of Cam
Page 14 and 15: 6. Aims of the FBZ research review
Page 16 and 17: Section B - Review Summaries 16
Page 20 and 21: There is a need to objectively asse
Page 22 and 23: 2. Campylobacter review summary 2.1
Page 24 and 25: for this organism. Research within
Page 26 and 27: 3. E. coli review summary 3.1 Succe
Page 28 and 29: 4. Other zoonotic pathogens of inte
Page 30 and 31: Annex 1 - Projects Reviewed 30
Page 32 and 33: OZ0311 Conventional versus capillar
Page 34 and 35: OZ0402 OZ0404 OZ0405 OZ0407 OZ0604
Page 36 and 37: OZ0704 OZ0705 OZ0706 OZ0707 Quantif
Page 38 and 39: Annex 2 - Project Abstracts and Pro
Page 40 and 41: To test the suitability of the AFLP
Page 42 and 43: Project code: OZ0324 Project title:
Page 46 and 47: Review Summary The knowledge that t
Page 48 and 49: Review Summary The project was felt
Page 52 and 53: It is clear that the EC legislative
Page 54 and 55: if the vaccines currently available
Page 56 and 57: Four published papers have come out
Page 58 and 59: Review Summary This epidemiological
Page 60 and 61: Project code: OZO316 Project title:
Page 64 and 65: agricultural industry/public health
Page 66 and 67: testing laboratories. In addition,
Page 68 and 69:
animal pathogen but is a human path
Page 70 and 71:
esearch has also substantially impr
Page 72 and 73:
to elucidate the antigenic repertoi
Page 74 and 75:
and have contributed to our underst
Page 76 and 77:
Fundamental issues concerning the f
Page 78 and 79:
Review summary Project OZ0606 focus
Page 80 and 81:
Abstract of research OZ0608 The ado
Page 82 and 83:
thinning process for molecular trac
Page 84 and 85:
Project code: LK0665 Project title:
Page 86 and 87:
Review summary While poultry meat i
Page 88 and 89:
Review summary A key aim of this pr
Page 90 and 91:
Review summary This project aimed t
Page 92 and 93:
Project code: OZ0709 Project title:
Page 94 and 95:
Page 96 and 97:
Project code: OZ0138C Project title
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
Abstract of research Projects OZ070
Page 104 and 105:
produced were both relevant and imp
Page 106 and 107:
List of External Reviewers. Mr. Pau
Page 108 and 109:
Review of Defra’s FBZ Research Pr
Page 110 and 111:
Review of Defra’s FBZ Research Pr
Page 112 and 113:
Annex 5 - Review Timetable 112
Page 114 and 115:
11.45 - 12.00 Bovine and Porcine Fo
Page 116:
Campylobacter Other 11.50 - 12.05 P
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