Review of the Food-borne Zoonoses Research ... - ARCHIVE: Defra

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and have contributed to our understanding of the difficulties in typing campylobacters. This was important work which needed to be done. The project has confirmed that there is no single ideal typing method that can be applied to every situation; a combination of methods is often needed depending on the questions to be answered. 74
Project code: OZ0607 Project title: An investigation of the distinguishing features of C. jejuni strains that have host/disease associations. Start date (dd/mm/yy): 01/07/01 End date (dd/mm/yy): 30/06/04 £508,987 Total cost: Affiliation: Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge) Sub-contractor(s): Abstract of research The attribution of poultry as the major source of human campylobacteriosis remains debatable. In order to inform risk assessment models, this project aimed to investigate the role of other livestock as potential sources and the possibility that all strains of campylobacter were pathogenic for humans. A multi-pronged approach was therefore adopted to investigate the relationships between C.jejuni pathogenicity and host. Initial studies using higher disciminatory MLST-based approaches demonstrated that the populations of C. jejuni from human cases and from colonised animals overlap significantly, indicating all veterinary campylobacters are potentially pathogenic to man. However, at least one host-associated cluster was evident in pigs. Additionally, genomic stability and instability were important factors in the ecology of this bacterial species. A second approach investigated the molecular pathogenesis of disease, in order to identify virulent and non-virulent organisms. In vitro assays indicated that there were no obvious associations between genotype and putative campylobacter virulence properties, therefore, attempts were made to identify specific genetic markers of virulence. A transposon mutant library was produced and invasion-deficient mutants selected, which may provide future markers of invasiveness. Rapid molecular assays for screening CDT activity were developed and for the first time the immunogenicity of CDT was investigated using a novel neutralisation assay. Human anti-CDT antibodies were detectable in infected humans but no antibodies were detected in colonised chickens indicating a host-related specificity in response. Additionally significant progress was made on the identification of a fimbrial surface structure. Finally, a sentinel study was undertaken which demonstrated passage-associated changes in the genome sequence strain, NCTC11168, resulting in differences in chick colonisation, motility, morphology and invasiveness. Transcript analysis demonstrated changes in expression of a number of genes involved with the adaptation to microaerobic growth. This work is of huge significance to the research community by clarifying the importance of strain origin in virulence and physiological studies. Review summary At the start of project OZ0607 it was beginning to be recognised that poultry is not the only source for human campylobacter infection, and not all strains of campylobacter are pathogenic to humans. In order to more accurately attribute disease source and identify potential control measures, indicators of the relationships between strains, pathogenicity and host were required. 75
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Contents Section A - Introduction..
Page 4 and 5:
Review of the Food-borne Zoonoses (
Page 6 and 7:
Plans for taking forward these prio
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Policy Objectives The key policy ob
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Figure 2. Laboratory reports of Sal
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Figure 4. Laboratory reports of Cam
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6. Aims of the FBZ research review
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Section B - Review Summaries 16
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epidemiology of Salmonella and anti
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There is a need to objectively asse
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2. Campylobacter review summary 2.1
Page 24 and 25: for this organism. Research within
Page 26 and 27: 3. E. coli review summary 3.1 Succe
Page 28 and 29: 4. Other zoonotic pathogens of inte
Page 30 and 31: Annex 1 - Projects Reviewed 30
Page 32 and 33: OZ0311 Conventional versus capillar
Page 34 and 35: OZ0402 OZ0404 OZ0405 OZ0407 OZ0604
Page 36 and 37: OZ0704 OZ0705 OZ0706 OZ0707 Quantif
Page 38 and 39: Annex 2 - Project Abstracts and Pro
Page 40 and 41: To test the suitability of the AFLP
Page 42 and 43: Project code: OZ0324 Project title:
Page 46 and 47: Review Summary The knowledge that t
Page 48 and 49: Review Summary The project was felt
Page 52 and 53: It is clear that the EC legislative
Page 54 and 55: if the vaccines currently available
Page 56 and 57: Four published papers have come out
Page 58 and 59: Review Summary This epidemiological
Page 60 and 61: Project code: OZO316 Project title:
Page 64 and 65: agricultural industry/public health
Page 66 and 67: testing laboratories. In addition,
Page 68 and 69: animal pathogen but is a human path
Page 70 and 71: esearch has also substantially impr
Page 72 and 73: to elucidate the antigenic repertoi
Page 76 and 77: Fundamental issues concerning the f
Page 78 and 79: Review summary Project OZ0606 focus
Page 80 and 81: Abstract of research OZ0608 The ado
Page 82 and 83: thinning process for molecular trac
Page 84 and 85: Project code: LK0665 Project title:
Page 86 and 87: Review summary While poultry meat i
Page 88 and 89: Review summary A key aim of this pr
Page 90 and 91: Review summary This project aimed t
Page 96 and 97: Project code: OZ0138C Project title
Page 102 and 103: Abstract of research Projects OZ070
Page 104 and 105: produced were both relevant and imp
Page 106 and 107: List of External Reviewers. Mr. Pau
Page 108 and 109: Review of Defra’s FBZ Research Pr
Page 110 and 111: Review of Defra’s FBZ Research Pr
Page 112 and 113: Annex 5 - Review Timetable 112
Page 114 and 115: 11.45 - 12.00 Bovine and Porcine Fo
Page 116: Campylobacter Other 11.50 - 12.05 P
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