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102<br />
how this worked: “Well, if you were going to be in the investment<br />
world, and you’re a good investor the best way to make<br />
money was to have a hedge fund because you get compensated<br />
much higher. Hedge funds were being paid 1% of the assets<br />
and 20% of the profits in those days. So obviously that was the<br />
best way to make money if you were any good at it.”<br />
Rogers (with a partner named George Soros) started a fund<br />
because it was the thing to do, explaining, “A hedge fund is<br />
someone who buys things and at the same time hedges himself<br />
by selling short. The problem is, most people on the street don’t<br />
understand selling short.”<br />
Terms like “selling short,” “collateralized debt obligation”<br />
and “credit default swap” were soon everywhere but not really<br />
understood outside the financial world. Inside the world of<br />
hedge funds, each boasted about the superiority of its own<br />
super-secret proprietary investment algorithms.<br />
They attempted to take the risk out of investing by putting<br />
large amounts of money in “side bets.” While traditional<br />
investments grow the “real economy” by providing companies<br />
with money to hire workers and produce products and services,<br />
Wall Street began putting more money into bets on the<br />
market than were being placed in the actual market itself.<br />
The side bet that finally blew up the economy was one of<br />
those complicated financial instruments, called a “credit derivative.”<br />
Someone wishing to protect himself on a risky investment<br />
would pay regular premiums to a firm that would then<br />
agree to insure the investor if a loss were to occur.<br />
An insurance policy on an investment is a smart idea.<br />
Chances are you’ve taken one out on your house – basic coverage<br />
against fire or lightning damage depending on where you<br />
live, perhaps flood, too. But now imagine that you could take<br />
out insurance on someone else’s house, and you were permitted<br />
to take out multiple policies.<br />
In 2005, as I show in my film, written with Ray Nowosielsti,