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xxxix<br />
is, we call it leverage. That just means borrowing a lot of money,<br />
and the combination creates a situation where you have<br />
guaranteed record profits in the early years. That makes you<br />
rich, through the bonuses that modern executive compensation<br />
has produced. It also makes it inevitable that there’s going<br />
to be a disaster down the road.”<br />
Moyers asked, “So you’re suggesting, saying, that CEOs of<br />
some of these banks and mortgage firms, in order to increase<br />
their own personal income, deliberately set out to make bad<br />
loans?”<br />
William Black: “Yes.”<br />
As an investigator and enforcement officer, Black is credited<br />
with jailing 1000 executives in the aftermath of the S&L collapse.<br />
He says that a subsequent federal investigation found fraud in<br />
every bank that collapsed. The head of one of the banks he<br />
closed, Charles Keating, who was later jailed – sent his lawyer a<br />
letter covered, unfortunately, by attorney-client confidentiality<br />
– urging him to “Get Black, Kill Him Dead.” (Keating became<br />
infamous because of his links with five Senators – “the Keating<br />
Five” – including John McCain. ) He also sued Black for $400<br />
million and hired private detectives to discredit him.<br />
A government study at the time confirmed Blacks claims<br />
of a now forgotten wave of mass incarceration. The Financial<br />
Times asked in September 2009:<br />
How many financiers do you think ended up in jail after<br />
America’s Savings and Loans scandals? The answer can be<br />
found in a fascinating, old report from the US Department of<br />
Justice.<br />
According to some of its records, between 1990 and 1995<br />
no less than 1,852 S&L officials were prosecuted, and 1,072<br />
placed behind bars. Another 2,558 bankers were also jailed,<br />
often for offenses which were S&L-linked too.<br />
Those are thought-provoking numbers. These days the Western<br />
world is reeling from another massive financial crisis, that