October 2007 Volume 10 Number 4 - Educational Technology ...

teachers’ instructional evolution and seniority had reached a significant level, an ANOVA simple-effect analysis was
conducted (see Table 5 and Figure 2). The results showed that teachers in the “entry” stage whose seniority was 6-10
years reported that they had less technical and personnel resources available in their school than “entry” stage
teachers whose seniority who were more than 21 years; these same teachers with 6-10 years of seniority in the
“entry” stage also reported, very predictably, that they had less technical and personnel resources available in school
than teachers with 6-10 years of seniority in the “appropriation” and “invention” stages. This means that teachers
who hold computer-instruction skills and pedagogies could move to the later stage of computer-based instructional
evolution if there are technical and personnel resources available in school.
Table 3. Stage & Seniority vs. Beliefs, Practice, Resources, and Attitude
Condition Beliefs Resources High practice Low practice Attitudes
Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD
< 5 years
Entry 3.51 0.52 3.23 0.84 2.86 0.92 3.66 0.71 3.32 0.81
Adoption 3.63 0.44 3.17 0.59 2.88 0.78 3.62 0.61 3.65 0.69
Adaptation 3.70 0.49 3.20 0.67 2.92 0.87 3.85 0.56 3.86 0.62
Appropriation 3.94 0.45 3.39 0.65 3.10 0.92 3.99 0.51 4.00 0.56
Invention 3.65 0.40 3.23 0.79 3.61 0.66 3.78 0.76 3.43 0.83
6-10 years
Entry 3.29 0.52 2.77 0.60 2.52 0.81 3.42 0.79 3.49 0.74
Adoption 3.64 0.52 3.20 0.63 2.95 0.95 3.73 0.51 3.71 0.52
Adaptation 3.85 0.45 3.26 0.66 2.95 0.93 3.81 0.63 3.93 0.59
Appropriation 3.99 0.45 3.61 0.59 3.32 0.75 4.01 0.71 4.09 0.60
Invention 3.98 0.40 3.79 0.54 3.71 0.91 4.10 0.55 3.36 1.00
11-15 years
Entry 3.46 0.57 3.36 0.64 2.71 0.82 3.25 0.47 3.58 0.67
Adoption 3.63 0.44 3.10 0.60 2.90 0.58 3.33 0.62 3.56 0.64
Adaptation 3.74 0.51 3.20 0.72 2.86 0.86 3.76 0.57 3.62 0.68
Appropriation 3.82 0.51 3.22 0.56 3.17 0.77 3.56 0.73 3.74 0.65
Invention 3.47 0.60 2.82 0.76 2.39 0.81 3.32 0.70 3.95 0.36
16-20 years
Entry 3.19 0.58 3.09 0.53 2.25 0.74 3.03 0.62 3.33 0.71
Adoption 3.62 0.44 3.21 0.47 2.71 0.99 3.56 0.55 3.62 0.49
Adaptation 3.69 0.41 3.37 0.65 2.65 0.55 3.58 0.72 3.56 0.63
Appropriation 3.90 0.59 3.17 0.61 3.21 0.61 3.75 0.54 3.72 0.69
Invention 3.78 0.57 3.38 0.48 2.81 1.07 2.94 1.23 2.83 0.33
> 21 years
Entry 3.53 0.52 3.43 0.46 3.00 0.96 3.32 0.75 3.13 0.59
Adoption 3.56 0.47 3.30 0.59 2.76 0.59 3.35 0.62 3.27 0.62
Adaptation 3.67 0.58 3.42 0.70 2.76 0.80 3.49 0.74 3.39 0.71
Appropriation 3.76 0.44 3.57 0.59 2.70 0.96 3.57 0.75 3.67 0.47
Invention 4.07 0.12 3.50 0.43 3.58 1.28 4.17 0.52 4.33 0.33
Total
< 5 years 3.70 0.48 3.23 0.68 2.98 0.87 3.79 0.61 3.74 0.69
6-10 years 3.76 0.52 3.29 0.68 3.03 0.92 3.80 0.67 3.79 0.68
11-15 years 3.65 0.51 3.18 0.65 2.87 0.77 3.49 0.63 3.64 0.64
16-20 years 3.65 0.53 3.24 0.56 2.75 0.79 3.49 0.70 3.52 0.63
> 21 years 3.65 0.51 3.42 0.60 2.82 0.83 3.46 0.71 3.40 0.66
Total
Entry 3.42 0.54 3.17 0.69 2.71 0.87 3.39 0.69 3.39 0.72
Adoption 3.62 0.45 3.18 0.58 2.87 0.76 3.53 0.60 3.58 0.63
Adaptation 3.73 0.49 3.26 0.68 2.88 0.85 3.76 0.62 3.75 0.66
Appropriation 3.90 0.47 3.41 0.62 3.13 0.84 3.83 0.66 3.90 0.60
Invention 3.76 0.47 3.37 0.73 3.37 0.95 3.75 0.79 3.50 0.83
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