Finally, we have in this paper presented a participatory design project in which children developed their own computer-based tools for editing film and we have presented this technology followed by a discussion on user-driven design of learning technologies in which the technology is not just a container for something else, but instead, a novel technology that in itself serves as a tool that directly enable children to do new things, i.e. to collectively learn through their computer-supported social network, i.e. a digital support for learning through networks. While this paper started out with a quick step away from the traditional learning environment and the idea of silence as an important factor for effective individual learning processes I think that the biggest challenge for further research in this field is about generating new knowledge about the other side of the individual “silence coin”., i.e. research efforts directed towards understanding and generating new theories and concepts that can explain and shed new light upon the processes related to collaborative and creative concentration as a result of learning through, and playing with, new forms of digital networks. References Ankolekar, A., Krötzsch, M., Tran, T., & Vrandecic, D. (<strong>2007</strong>). Semantic web and web 2.0: The two cultures: mashing up web 2.0 and the semantic web. Paper presented at the 16th International Conference on World Wide Web, May 8-12, <strong>2007</strong>, Banff, Canada. Castells, M. (1996). The Rise of the Network Society, Oxford: Blackwell. Chen, Y., Fabbrizio, G., Gibbon, D., Jora, S., Renger, B., & Wei, B. (<strong>2007</strong>). Geotracker: geospatial and temporal RSS navigation. Paper presented at the 16th International Conference on World Wide Web, May 8-12, <strong>2007</strong>, Banff, Canada. Dieberger, A., Dourish, P., Höök, K., Resnick, P., & Wexelblat, A. (2000). Social navigation: techniques for building more usable systems. Interactions, 7 (6), 36-45. Ehn, P. (1988). Work-Oriented Design of Computer Artifacts, Stockholm: Arbetslivscentrum. Ehn, P., Kyng, M., & Sundblad, Y. (1983). The UTOPIA Project: On training, technology, and products viewed from the quality of work perspective. In U. Briefs, C. Ciborra, and L. Schneider, (Eds), Systems Design For, With and By the Users, Amsterdam: North-Holland, 439-449. Fortunati, L. (2001). The Mobile Phone: An Identity on the Move. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 5 (2), 85- 98. Gifford, B., & Enyedy, N. (1999). Activity centered design: towards a theoretical framework for CSCL. Paper presented at the 1999 conference on Computer support for collaborative learning, CSCL '99, 11-12 December 1999, Stanford, USA. Glotzbach, R., Mohler, J., & Radwan, J. (<strong>2007</strong>). RSS as a course information delivery method. Paper presented at the International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, 7-9 August <strong>2007</strong>, San Diego, California, USA. Hirschheim, R., & Klein, H. (1989). Four paradigms of information systems development, Communications of the ACM, 32 (<strong>10</strong>), 1199-1216. Hoppe, H, Pinkwart, N, Oelinger, M, Zeini, S, Verdejo, F, Barros, B, & Mayorga, J.I. (2005). Building Bridges within Learning Communities through Ontologies and "Thematic Objects. Paper presented at the CSCL 2005 Conference, 30 May - 4 June 2005, Taipei, Taiwan. Jenkins, H, Clinton, K., Purushotma, R., Robison, A., & Weigel, M. (2006). Confronting the Challenges of Participatory Culture: Media Education for the 21st Century, retrieved <strong>October</strong> 15, <strong>2007</strong>, from http://www.projectnml.org/files/working/NMLWhitePaper.pdf. 59
Jones, C., Dirckinck-Holmfeld, L., & Lindtröm, B. (2005). CSCL - the next ten years: a view from Europe. Paper presented at the CSCL 2005 Conference, 30 May - 4 June 2005, Taipei, Taiwan. Keen, A. (<strong>2007</strong>). The Cult of the Amateur: How Today's Internet Is Killing Our Culture, Currency, USA: Trade Cloth. Kurti, A., Milrad, M., & Spikol, D. (<strong>2007</strong>). Designing Innovative Learning Activities Using Ubiquitous Computing. Paper presented at the ICALT <strong>2007</strong> Conference, July 18-20, <strong>2007</strong>, Niigata, Japan. Lankshear, C., & Knobel, M. (2006). New Literacies: Everyday Practices and Classroom Learning, Berkshire, UK, Open University Press. Lowry, D., & Moskos, M. (2005). Hanging on the Mobile Phone: Experiencing work and spatial flexibility. Paper presented at the 4 th Critical Management Studies Conference, 4-6 July 2005, Cambridge, UK. MacFarlane, S., Sim, G., & Horton, M. (2005). Assessing usability and fun in educational software. Paper presented at the 2005 Conference on Interaction Design and Children, June 8-<strong>10</strong>, 2005, Boulder, CO, USA. Miao, Y., Hoeksema, K., Hoppe, H., & Harrer, A. (2005). CSCL scripts: modelling features and potential use. Paper presented at the CSCL 2005 Conference, 30 May - 4 June 2005, Taipei, Taiwan. Milrad, M., Björn, M., & Jackson, M. H. (2005). Designing networked learning environments to support intercultural communication and collaboration in science learning. International Journal of Web Based Communities, 1 (3), 308- 319. Neal, L., Miller, D., & Perez, R. (2004) Online learning and fun. eLearn, retrieved <strong>October</strong> 15, <strong>2007</strong>, from http://www.elearnmag.org/subpage.cfm?section=articles&article=4-1. Norris, C., Soloway, E., & Sullivan, T. (2002). Examining 25 Years of <strong>Technology</strong> in Education, Communications of the ACM, 45 (8), 15-18. Rapeepisarn, K., Wai Wong, K., Che Fung, C., & Depickere, A. (2006). Similarities and differences between "learn through play" and "edutainment". Paper presented at the 3 rd Australasian conference on Interactive entertainment, December 4-6, 2006, Perth, Australia. Rasmussen, M. (1994). Interactive edutainment on the Internet. ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics, 28 (2), 139. Russell, L., & Shackelford, R. (1990). <strong>Educational</strong> computing: myths versus methods - why computers haven't helped and what we can do about it. Paper presented at the Conference on Computers and the Quality of Life, September 13-16, 1990, Washington DC, USA. Sadler, K., Robertson, T., & Kan, M. (2006). "It's always there, it's always on": Australian freelancer's management of availability using mobile technologies. Paper presented at the 8 th Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services, September 12-15, 2006, Espoo, Finland. Spinuzzi, C. (2002). A Scandinavian challenge, a US response: methodological assumptions in Scandinavian and US prototyping approaches. Paper presented at the 20th annual international conference on Computer documentation, <strong>October</strong> 20-23, 2002, Toronto, Canada. Sproull, L., & Kiesler, S. (1998). Connections - New ways of working in the networked organization, Cambridge, The MIT Press. Sugimoto, M., Kusunoki,F, Inagaki, S, Takatoki, K, & Yoshikawa, A. (2003). Design of a System and a Curriculum to Support Group Learning for School Children. Paper presented at the CSCL 2003 Conference, June 14-18, 2003, Bergen, Norway. 60
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October 2007 Volume 10 Number 4
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Abstracting and Indexing Educationa
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The Relationship of Kolb Learning S
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a question about learning together
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affordances of networked learning s
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included a unit on collaborative le
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Fleischmann, K. R. (2007). Standard
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educational standards in practice t
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laboratory activities, which are bu
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process is currently a largely top-
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Hsu, Y.-S., Wu, H.-K., & Hwang, F.-
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evolution with computing technology
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Resources 0.55 0.72 e17 In my schoo
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teachers’ instructional evolution
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Regression models indicating relati
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of beliefs about integrating comput
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Sinko, M., & Lehtinen, E. (1999). T
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concept of social support. Lastly,
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Procedure Content analysis procedur
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and mice are out of order. I have t
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feature of supportive online groups
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Anderson, J., & Lee, A. (1995). Lit
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Schwab, R. L., Jackson, S. E., & Sc
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Investigating the problem An extens
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meets the anywhere, anytime require
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minimise housekeeping tasks and fre
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3. Join Group Discussion 4. Attend
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Figure 4. Learning Shell showing He
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engineering the Learning Shell so i
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Olfos, R., & Zulantay, H. (2007). R
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portion of CourseInfo requires that
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Table 2. Assignment evaluation resp
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E-3c. Likert scale on usability: Th
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organized in four groups, namely: T
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The correlations were not high enou
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Data illustrate some reliability an
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nature, some specific core objectiv
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Frederiksen, J.R., & Collins, A. (1
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Bottino, R. M., & Robotti, E. (2007
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The Text Editor allows the editing
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Mathematical content and structure
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Consolidation exercises Solution co
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As to course components, the activi
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handle more formal representations
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Lagrange, J. B., Artigue, M., Labor
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processed information was classifie
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Method Participants The participant
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Table 5. Learning outcomes of diffe
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peers and benefited most from discu
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Kayes, D.C. (2005). Internal validi
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This paper considers the potential
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The first assumption ensures that c
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allowed to rise when external fundi
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The second option, lowering the cos
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Downes, S. (2003). Design and Reusa
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Appendix A. Good-enough approaches
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Rapid Prototyping and Design Based
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Initial Design Because the field-ba
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• reducing the number of required
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that they felt this hindrance; I fe
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goals” (Edelson, 2002, p. 114) wa
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more and more from the periphery of
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Edelson, M. (1988). The hermeneutic
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Wang, H.-Y., & Chen, S. M. (2007).
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If the universe of discourse U is a
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we can see that S( X ) − S( Y ) S
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Example 1: Let à and B ~ be two va
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columns shown in Table 2, where 1
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(3) Find the maximum value among th
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By applying Eq. (7), we can get the
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Q.2 carries 25 marks, Q.3 carries 2
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the proposed methods can evaluate s
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Gogoulou, A., Gouli, E., Grigoriado
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enabling learner (subject) to work
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• Self-, Peer- and Collaborative-
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(iii) Regulates the communication:
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Figure 3. A screen shot of the SCAL
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2 nd study: Thirty-five students pa
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them characterized it as time and e
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Soller, A. (2001). Supporting Socia
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making reference to the others wher
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Solution 2.2: Deliberately select h
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just near a deadline, when it may b
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assessed on an individual basis. Wi
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- and even appreciated - by student
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Panitz, T., & Panitz, P. (1998). En
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Concept Mapping Concept mapping by
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Research Questions In order to dete
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with their teacher but rather than
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Tukey’s HSD post hoc test reveale
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collaboratively during study time?
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Jegede, O.J., Alaiyemola, F.F., & O
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esources. The use of synchronous te
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The use of digital communication mo
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contributed more information and en
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3. Use the second screen for the le
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• Use drawing to develop writing
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student and teacher on the synchron
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Vogel, J. J., Vogel, D. S., Cannon-
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Cases The first set of ten case stu
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Kılıçkaya, F. (2007). Website re